English Course Week 2: Punctuation & Comma Rules

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Questions and Answers

Which sentence is correct? 1. She wants to go to the movies, but she needs to go to the library first,. 2. She wants to go to the movies but she needs to go to the library first.

  • Sentence 2 is correct.
  • Sentence 1 is correct. (correct)

Which sentence is correct? 1. The rain will start in about an hour, make sure to bring an umbrella. 2. The rain will start in about an hour; make sure to bring an umbrella.

  • Sentence 1 is correct.
  • Sentence 2 is correct. (correct)

Which sentence is correct? 1. I attempt to sleep all through the night, however my daughter wakes me up. 2. I attempt to sleep all through the night; however, my daughter wakes me up.

  • Sentence 2 is correct. (correct)
  • Sentence 1 is correct.

Which sentence is correct? 1. Martha, Jack, and Bryan started Monday; they will run the new department. 2. Martha, Jack, and Bryan started Monday. They will run the new department.

<p>Sentence 1 is correct. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence uses correct punctuation? 1. Tommy was late for dinner his pasta was cold. 2. Tommy was late for dinner, so his pasta was cold.

<p>Sentence 2 is correct. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence uses correct punctuation? 1. The stars were visible in the sky but I set up my telescope on the roof of the house. 2. Because the stars were visible in the sky, I set up my telescope on the roof of the house.

<p>Sentence 2 is correct. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence uses correct punctuation? 1. We picked up the bait at the general store, the lake is one mile further down the road. 2. We picked up the bait at the general store. The lake is one mile further down the road.

<p>Sentence 2 is correct. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence uses correct punctuation? 1. The manager accepted every application, he was determined to find a replacement. 2. Accepting every application, the manager was determined to find a replacement.

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Identify the sentence that uses a semicolon correctly: 1. The grocery list includes the following items; napkins, juice, and pears. 2. The grocery list includes the following items: napkins, juice, and pears.

<p>Sentence 2 is correct. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify the sentence that uses a colon correctly: 1. The new office is much better; it offers more space and is closer to my house. 2. The new office is much better: it offers more space and is closer to my house.

<p>Sentence 2 is correct. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence uses a semicolon correctly? 1. We are traveling to Tampa, Florida, Orlando, Florida, and Atlanta, Georgia. 2. We are traveling to Tampa, Florida; Orlando, Florida; and Atlanta, Georgia.

<p>Sentence 2 is correct. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence uses the correct punctuation? 1. The children were jumping up and down, they were excited to get a puppy. 2. The children were jumping up and down-they were excited to get a puppy.

<p>Sentence 2 is correct. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence uses correct punctuation? 1. The medical records from the old office were sent by courier. 2. The medical records-from the old office - were sent by courier.

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Which sentence uses the correct punctuation? 1. The speech went on ... and on ... so I left early. 2. The speech on and on so I left early.

<p>Sentence 1 is correct. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence is correct? 1. The teacher; Ms. Lewis; always started the class on time. 2. The teacher-Ms. Lewis-always started the class on time.

<p>Sentence 2 is correct. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence uses the correct punctuation? 1. She has a lot of work to do. The assignment is due tomorrow. 2. She has a lot of work to do - the assignment is due tomorrow.

<p>Sentence 2 is correct. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence uses the correct punctuation? 1. The directions were to start calling the company ... and file the new paperwork. 2. The directions were to start by calling the company and file the new paperwork.

<p>Sentence 1 is correct. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence uses the correct punctuation? 1. " I'm wondering... “ she thought. 2. "I'm wondering..." she thought.

<p>Sentence 2 is correct. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence is correct? 1. The boy's coats are blue. 2. The boys' coats are blue.

<p>Sentence 1 is correct. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence uses the correct punctuation? 1. The teachers classroom is down the hall. 2. The teacher's classroom is down the hall.

<p>Sentence 2 is correct. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence uses the correct punctuation? 1. The students' determination is seen in their work. 2. The student's determination is seen in his work.

<p>Sentence 1 is correct. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence is correct? 1. My dad's golf bag is in the garage. 2. My dads golf bag is in the garage.

<p>Sentence 1 is correct. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence is correct? 1. Ms. Willis' new job starts on Monday. 2. Ms. Willis's new job starts on Monday

<p>Sentence 1 is correct. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence uses the correct punctuation? 1. The women's car has arrived. 2. The womens car has arrived.

<p>Sentence 1 is correct. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence uses the correct punctuation? 1. The girl bought flowers for her mother. 2. The girl bought flowers' for her mother.

<p>Sentence 1 is correct. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence uses the correct punctuation? 1. The birds' next was in the tree. 2. The bird's next was in the tree.

<p>Sentence 1 is correct. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term "plural" mean?

<p>More than one.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct punctuation to add to a word when you are showing a plural possessive?

<p>Apostrophe + 's'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct punctuation to add to a word when you are showing a singular possessive?

<p>Apostrophe + 's'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

To form an irregular singular possessive, add an apostrophe to the end of the noun and then add an 's'.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The term "run-on sentence" refers to a combination of two sentences with a semicolon used to join them.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The term "comma splice" refers to two sentences that are incorrectly joined together using a comma.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Comma (,) - What is it?

A punctuation mark used to separate coordinate clauses, set off introductory elements, and show non-essential information.

Coordinating Comma Rule #1

A comma placed before a coordinating conjunction (and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet) that joins two independent clauses.

Subordinating Comma Rule #2

A comma placed after a dependent clause at the beginning of a sentence.

Unnecessary Information Comma Rule #3

Commas placed before and after non-essential information in a sentence that can be removed without changing the meaning.

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Direct Comma Rule #4

A comma placed after someone's name when speaking directly to them.

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Appositive Comma Rule #5

Commas placed before and after a noun phrase that renames or clarifies a noun.

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Address and Date Comma Rule #6

Commas placed after the day, city, and year/state in a date.

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Series Comma Rule #7

Commas placed after each item in a series of three or more items, including before the coordinating conjunction.

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Absent Words Comma Rule #8

A comma used when words are omitted but understood.

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Contrasting Comma Rule #9

A comma used to separate contrasting elements or afterthoughts.

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Quotation Comma Rule #10

A comma used before a direct quote and after an introductory phrase.

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Semicolon (;) - What is it?

A punctuation mark used to separate independent clauses that are closely related in meaning or to join clauses with an adverbial conjunction.

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Independent Semicolon Rule #1

A semicolon is used to separate two independent clauses that are closely related in meaning.

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Adverbial Semicolon Rule #2

A semicolon is used to separate two independent clauses, followed by an adverbial conjunction and comma.

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Separation Semicolon Rule #3

A semicolon is used to create a clear separation within a sentence, followed by a comma for a smaller separation.

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Series Semicolon Rule #4

A semicolon is used to separate a series of phrases or clauses that are closely related.

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Colon ( : ) - What is it?

A punctuation mark used to introduce a list of items, a quotation, a summary, or an explanation.

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List Colon Rule #1

A colon is used after a complete sentence to introduce a list of items.

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Note/Caution Colon Rule #2

A colon is used after words like "note", "caution", or "warning" to introduce important information.

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Business Letter Colon Rule #3

A colon is used after the salutation in a business letter.

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Information Colon Rule #4

A colon is used after a complete sentence to introduce further explanation or important information.

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Dash (—) - What is it?

A punctuation mark used to indicate a break in thought or to emphasize a word or phrase.

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Dash Rule #1

A dash is used after a complete sentence to introduce additional information or a clarifying thought.

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Dash Rule #2

Two dashes are used to enclose parenthetical information or a brief interruption in thought.

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Ellipses (...) - What is it?

A punctuation mark used to indicate omissions or incomplete thoughts.

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Ellipses Rule #1

Ellipses are used to indicate the omission of words or phrases from a quoted passage.

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Ellipses Rule #2

Ellipses are used to represent a trailing off of thought or an unfinished sentence.

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Plural - What is it?

A word form that indicates more than one of something.

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Singular Possessive - What is it?

A noun form that shows possession by one person or thing.

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Plural Possessive - What is it?

A noun form that shows possession by more than one person or thing.

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Irregular Singular Possessive - What is it?

Singular possessive nouns that already end in -s or -z. To form the possessive, remove the final s.

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Irregular Plural Possessive - What is it?

Plural possessive nouns that are already plural. To form the possessive, add an apostrophe and an s.

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Study Notes

English Course - Week 2

  • Agenda: Review of previous material, Week 2 assignment review and discussion, Week 2 presentation, Questions and Recap. Students should be ready to share something interesting or new from the presented material.

Punctuation

  • Let's Eat Grandma: Illustrates how punctuation can change the meaning of a sentence. Incorrect placement can alter the intended meaning dramatically.

  • Punctuation Saves Lives: Using correct punctuation is crucial for clear communication.

Comma Rules

  • Coordinating Comma: A comma is needed before a coordinating conjunction (and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet) when connecting two independent clauses.

  • Subordinating Comma: A comma follows a dependent clause when it precedes and independent clause and introduces a subordinate thought.

  • Unnecessary Information Comma: Commas are used to enclose non-essential phrases or clauses.

  • Direct Comma: A comma is used to set off a name or a title being directly addressed.

  • Appositive Comma: Commas enclose words or phrases giving extra information about a noun or pronoun.

  • Address and Date Comma: Commas follow days, cities, and states within a sentence for clarity.

  • Series Comma: Use commas to separate items in a list or series, including between the second to last and last item.

  • Absent Words Comma Rule: Remove extra words that are implied by the context for clarity.

  • Contrasting Comma: A comma emphasizes a contrasting thought.

  • Quotation Comma: Commas are used to introduce a quotation (or to set the beginning of a continuation of a quote)

Problem Sentences

  • Run-On Sentence: Two or more independent clauses joined without proper punctuation (e.g., a comma alone or no punctuation)

  • Comma Splice: Two or more independent clauses joined with only a comma.

  • Five Bandages of Problem Sentences:

    • Independent Semicolon
    • Coordinating Comma
    • Dependent Clause
    • Separate Sentences
    • Gerund/Infinitive Phrase

The Colon

  • Colon use in List context: Introduces a list of items.

  • Colons Introduce: Key words (such as "note," "caution"), business letter salutation, and information after an independent clause.

  • Colon Rules: A colon introduces extra information, a list, and clarifies meaning after a complete sentence.

The Dash

  • Dash Use: Draws attention to the information coming after the dash. Also use dashes to enclose extra information or a contrasting element within a sentence.

The Ellipses

  • Ellipsis Marks: Indicate missing or omitted parts of speech or sentences.

Plurals

  • Plural Nouns: More than one of a thing.

Singular and Plural Possessives

  • Singular Possessives: Indicate possession of a single entity.

  • Plural Possessives: Indicate possession by multiple items or entities.

  • Irregular Forms: Possessive forms that deviate from standard -s' (e.g., child's).

Additional Information

  • Extra Practice: Contains sample exercises and prompts.

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