English Auxiliary Verbs Quiz

do, be, and have

They serve a purely grammatical function and help convey verbal meaning.

To form questions, negate sentences, and emphasise the truth of an assertion.

<p>Progressive Be indicates ongoing action, while Passive Be is used to form passive sentences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Seven (be, am, are, is, was, were, been)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To indicate that the action/event was completed prior to some point of reference.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They express the MOOD, e.g. the opinion or attitude of the speaker towards what is being said.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Semantic, syntactic, and pragmatic modality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Palmer and Leech.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are most frequently used.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Modals of possibility, certainty, ability, obligation, intention, necessity, politeness, willingness, permission, etc.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epistemic modality refers to the speaker's knowledge, beliefs, or opinion, whereas deontic modality encodes notions such as necessity and possibility of acts imposed by social laws and obligations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It refers to the root meaning of 'can' (meaning ability and sensation).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Can, may, could, might.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Must, have to, should.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'Have to' is more objective compared to 'must,' which is less objective. In spoken English, 'have to' is about three times as frequent as 'must' for expressing obligation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Auxiliary verbs are a set of verbs that are used in combination with a main verb to form different tenses, moods, voices, and to express various grammatical aspects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>There are nine modal verbs in English: will, would, can, could, may, might, shall, should, and must.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The NICE properties of auxiliary verbs are Negation, Inversion, Code (verb phrase ellipsis), and Emphatic affirmation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The function of do-support in English is to negate a modern English sentence that does not contain an auxiliary, by adding a form of 'do' to the sentence to support the negative particle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primary auxiliaries include the verbs 'do,' 'have,' and 'be,' while modal auxiliaries include the nine modal verbs in English.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Marginal modals are a group of verbs that behave in some ways like modals, such as 'need,' 'dare,' 'ought to,' and 'used to,' and are called marginal modals by some scholars.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Auxiliary verbs are always optional (in declarative sentences) and precede a lexical verb, whose form is determined by the preceding auxiliary, but which is always either a non-finite form: an infinitive (either a base-infinitive or a to-infinitive), an -ing form or a past participle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lexical verbs and auxiliary verbs. Lexical verbs are the vast majority of verbs in English and describe actions or occurrences or indicate states of being. Auxiliary verbs are closed class verbal items that help form tenses or expressions and have distinct syntactic and semantic features.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The roots of auxiliaries can be traced diachronically to earlier stages in the development of English when they were not distinct from lexical verbs. However, there is little agreement on why or how such changes took place.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because they are one of the idiosyncrasies of the English language and represent a small number of highly distinctive items with unique syntactic and semantic features.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is probably better to recognize verbs on the basis of their form, rather than their function. Lexical verbs and auxiliary verbs have different forms and characteristics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Closed class verbal items are a limited set of words that are not typically open to new additions in the language. Auxiliary verbs are a type of closed class verbal item that have a fixed set of items that help form tenses or expressions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The analysis of auxiliary verbs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Auxiliary verbs have the function of helping to form tenses or expressions in English sentences by combining with present or past participles or with infinitive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>be</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>grammatical</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>questions</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>bare</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>modal</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>past</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>been</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>modal</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>nine</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>ways</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>semi-modals</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>participle</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>auxiliary</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>cannot</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>form</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>auxiliary</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>diachronically</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>small</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>English</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>closed</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>focus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>reality</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>beliefs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>necessity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>can</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>obligation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>objective</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>deontic modality</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>obligational</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>standard</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To convey verbal meaning</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Do-support</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Progressive 'be' indicates ongoing action, while passive 'be' is used to form passive sentences</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Perfect</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They express the mood, or opinion, of the speaker towards what is being said</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Do, be, have</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>As auxiliary verbs, they take a bare infinitive, while as lexical verbs, they take a to-infinitive</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>may, might, shall, should, must, can, could, will, would</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To negate a sentence without an auxiliary</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Semi-modals are not considered modals by some scholars, while marginal modals are</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They always precede a lexical verb and are always optional</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Auxiliaries can co-occur but have strict restrictions on their order</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To support the negative particle in sentences without an auxiliary</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Negation, Inversion, Code, Emphatic affirmation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primary auxiliary verbs are used to form tenses, while modal verbs are used to express modality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Auxiliary verbs help lexical verbs form a tense or an expression.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The roots of auxiliaries can be traced diachronically, to earlier stages in the development of English when they were not distinct from lexical verbs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lexical verbs are the main verbs in a sentence, while auxiliary verbs are used to support the main verb.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primary auxiliary verbs are used to form tenses and to express negation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dynamic modality refers to ability or possibility, while epistemic modality refers to knowledge or certainty.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The analysis of auxiliary verbs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epistemic modality refers to the speaker's opinion, while deontic modality refers to social laws and obligations</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epistemic, deontic, and dynamic</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Can, may, could, might</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Must, have to, should</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'Must' is more subjective, while 'have to' is more objective</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Can, could</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ability and sensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'Should' and 'ought to' are almost the same when used as deontic modality</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Must</p> Signup and view all the answers