Podcast
Questions and Answers
What was a significant effect of the No Child Left Behind Act on bilingual education?
What was a significant effect of the No Child Left Behind Act on bilingual education?
- It emphasized standardized testing and accountability. (correct)
- It promoted the use of multiple languages in public schools.
- It increased funding for bilingual programs.
- It shifted focus from English proficiency to bilingualism.
Which factor has NOT contributed to the survival of bilingual education?
Which factor has NOT contributed to the survival of bilingual education?
- Research evidence supporting cognitive benefits of bilingualism.
- Globalization and the need for multilingual skills.
- Increased funding for English-only programs. (correct)
- Community advocacy for cultural preservation.
What does the term 'Englishes' refer to?
What does the term 'Englishes' refer to?
- Various forms of English influenced by local cultures (correct)
- An outdated concept that is no longer relevant
- A universal standard English spoken worldwide
- Only the original English language
Which approach involves each parent speaking a different language to the child?
Which approach involves each parent speaking a different language to the child?
Which type of language planning focuses on raising the prestige of a language?
Which type of language planning focuses on raising the prestige of a language?
What is the primary aim of Acquisition Planning?
What is the primary aim of Acquisition Planning?
What challenge might affect the ease of raising a bilingual child?
What challenge might affect the ease of raising a bilingual child?
What effect did the 1998 Proposition 227 in California have on bilingual education?
What effect did the 1998 Proposition 227 in California have on bilingual education?
Why is consistency important in bilingual language development?
Why is consistency important in bilingual language development?
How does recognizing 'Englishes' contribute to language inclusivity?
How does recognizing 'Englishes' contribute to language inclusivity?
What is a benefit of raising bilingual children, according to research?
What is a benefit of raising bilingual children, according to research?
Which strategy can enhance language development in bilingual children?
Which strategy can enhance language development in bilingual children?
Which major type of language planning focuses on standardizing grammar and vocabulary?
Which major type of language planning focuses on standardizing grammar and vocabulary?
Why is it necessary to address all three types of language planning for preserving a threatened language?
Why is it necessary to address all three types of language planning for preserving a threatened language?
What does evidence suggest about critical periods for language learning?
What does evidence suggest about critical periods for language learning?
What was a significant outcome of the 1968 Bilingual Education Act?
What was a significant outcome of the 1968 Bilingual Education Act?
What is a key feature of dynamic bilingualism observed on social media?
What is a key feature of dynamic bilingualism observed on social media?
Which of the following is a consequence of a system that fails to support bilingualism?
Which of the following is a consequence of a system that fails to support bilingualism?
What practice showcases the communication styles of bilingual individuals on social media?
What practice showcases the communication styles of bilingual individuals on social media?
How can dual language programs ensure a fair representation of language minority families?
How can dual language programs ensure a fair representation of language minority families?
Which is NOT a cognitive benefit linked to bilingualism?
Which is NOT a cognitive benefit linked to bilingualism?
What socio-economic factor might empower language majority students in education?
What socio-economic factor might empower language majority students in education?
What is a potential economic disadvantage of being monolingual in a globalized job market?
What is a potential economic disadvantage of being monolingual in a globalized job market?
Which factor contributes to the inequities in bilingual education systems?
Which factor contributes to the inequities in bilingual education systems?
What is a consistent finding regarding academic achievement in bilingual education?
What is a consistent finding regarding academic achievement in bilingual education?
What is one reason debates over bilingual education continue despite supportive research?
What is one reason debates over bilingual education continue despite supportive research?
Which practice has recent research found to enhance learning in bilingual education?
Which practice has recent research found to enhance learning in bilingual education?
What cognitive benefit is associated with bilingualism?
What cognitive benefit is associated with bilingualism?
Which approach to teaching literacy is characterized by introducing reading and writing in both languages from the start?
Which approach to teaching literacy is characterized by introducing reading and writing in both languages from the start?
Why is the strict separation of languages in bilingual education challenging?
Why is the strict separation of languages in bilingual education challenging?
What is a key factor that determines the most successful approach to literacy education?
What is a key factor that determines the most successful approach to literacy education?
Which of the following reflects a misconception about bilingual education?
Which of the following reflects a misconception about bilingual education?
How can schools best support students who are bilingual, disabled, and gifted?
How can schools best support students who are bilingual, disabled, and gifted?
What issue arises from using standardized IQ tests designed for native speakers on language minority and Deaf-signing individuals?
What issue arises from using standardized IQ tests designed for native speakers on language minority and Deaf-signing individuals?
What aspect of translanguaging practices is highlighted by recent research?
What aspect of translanguaging practices is highlighted by recent research?
What concern is associated with resource allocation for bilingual education?
What concern is associated with resource allocation for bilingual education?
Which of the following is a characteristic of the Delayed Introduction approach to literacy?
Which of the following is a characteristic of the Delayed Introduction approach to literacy?
What can result from language barriers during verbal testing for bilingual or Deaf-signing individuals?
What can result from language barriers during verbal testing for bilingual or Deaf-signing individuals?
Which statement best describes the role of cultural competence in serving bilingual and gifted students?
Which statement best describes the role of cultural competence in serving bilingual and gifted students?
Which of the following approaches emphasizes the need for community needs assessment in literacy education?
Which of the following approaches emphasizes the need for community needs assessment in literacy education?
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Study Notes
English as a Global Language
- English is evolving into different "Englishes" influenced by local cultures and languages.
- Second language speakers of English now outnumber native speakers, making it essential to recognize linguistic diversity.
Language Planning
- Status Planning: Impacts the role of a language in society.
- Corpus Planning: Focuses on language development, structuring grammar and vocabulary.
- Acquisition Planning: Increases language speakers through education and promotion.
- These three types of planning are interlinked and necessary to preserve or revitalize a threatened language.
Bilingual Education in the US
- Bilingual Education Act (1968): Provided federal funding for programs for limited English-speaking students.
- Proposition 227 in California (1998): Limited bilingual education programs by mandating English-only instruction.
- No Child Left Behind Act (2002): Shifted the focus of bilingual education toward English proficiency and standardized testing.
- Bilingual education persisted due to community advocacy, research evidence, globalization, and policy shifts.
Raising Bilingual Children
- Consistency in language exposure, like "One Person, One Language", is important.
- Engaging with bilingual media, enrolling in bilingual education, and fostering relationships with speakers of both languages facilitates language development.
Advantages of Bilingualism for Younger Learners
- Early exposure to multiple languages can provide cognitive advantages.
Dynamic Bilingualism on Social Media
- Users display dynamic bilingualism by code-switching languages and creating multilingual content.
Monolingual Outcomes in Schools
- School systems can fail to produce bilingual graduates, leading to a loss of cultural heritage, missed cognitive benefits and economic disadvantages.
Dual Language Programs
- Language majority students may have advantages in dual language programs due to socioeconomic standing and language prestige.
- Equitable representation of minorities, culturally competent curricula, and equal resource allocation are crucial for maintaining a balance in these programs.
Research on Bilingual Education
- Bilingual education supports equal or superior academic outcomes compared to monolingual programs.
- It also contributes to proficiency in both languages and enhances cognitive skills.
- Debates over bilingual education continue due to political ideologies, misconceptions, and concerns about resource allocation.
Bilingual Language Use in Education
- Strict separation of languages is challenging as individuals naturally use both languages, and research suggests that multilingualism enhances learning.
- Translanguaging practices, flexible language use, and integrated approaches are advocated in education.
Biliteracy Development
- Views on introducing literacy include: simultaneous literacy, sequential literacy, and delayed introduction.
- The most successful approach depends on student background, resource availability, and community needs.
Students with Multiple Identities
- Students can be bilingual, disabled, and gifted simultaneously.
- Providing differentiated instruction, inclusive programs, collaborative teams, and culturally competent practices helps serve these students.
Misdiagnosis of Language Minority and Deaf-Signing Students
- Language minority and Deaf-signing students were historically misdiagnosed due to culturally biased IQ tests, presenting language barriers and misinterpreting test scores.
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