England's History After the Romans

Post-Norman Conquest of England

• The Normans took over the United Kingdom after winning the Battle of Hastings in 1066.
• The Normans united the different kingdoms in England under a single king.
• The Anglo-Saxons were a group of people of Saxon blood in England.
• The Normans were a group of people who were all French in England after the Norman invasion.

Unification of Scotland

• Kenneth MacAlpin managed to unite the groups in Scotland.
• The area that came to be called after the Scottish people was known as Caledonia.
• The Romans called the Scottish people 'Caledonia'.

Settlement of Scotland

• The Scots settled in Scotland after coming over from the north of Ireland.
• The Irish missionaries settled in Scotland.
• The Picts settled in Scotland.

Wales and England

• The English unfairly thought of the Welsh when they thought of Wales.
• King Edward I of England can be talked about as having everyone from top to bottom being part of an English people.
• Wales is directly descended from the Ancient Britons.

Regions of Britain

• The Angles settled in the region of Britain that is now England.
• The region of Britain that was settled by Irish missionaries is known as Scotland.
• The most northerly part of Britain is known as Caledonia.
• The region of Britain that was colonized by the Angles is known as England.

History of Britain

• The fiercly border family clans were known as the Border Reivers.
• The world's oldest parliament is called the Tynwald.
• The Channel Islands fell to the Germans in the Second World War.
• The Channel Islands were part of the Duchy of Normandy before they became part of the United Kingdom.
• Historians found evidence of collaboration and collusion during the German occupation of the Channel Islands.

Roman Invasion of Britain

• Julius Caesar invaded Britain in 55 and 54 BC as part of his Gallic Wars.
• The Celtic tribe that crossed the sea into Britain, while other Celtic tribes were unfamiliar with this land, was the Belgae.
• Emperor Claudius directed four legions to invade Britain and restore the exiled king Verica over the Atrebates.
• The battle that saw the armies of the Caledonians, led by Calgacus, face the Romans under the command of Gnaeus Julius Agricola, was the Battle of Mons Graupius.
• The estimated number of battle casualties on the Caledonian side in the Battle of Mons Graupius was 30,000.
• By 47 AD, the Romans held the lands southeast of the Fosse Way in Britain.
• Emperor Claudius expanded the Roman Empire as far as Caledonia.
• The Roman Province that consisted of a large part of the island of Great Britain was known as Britannia.
• Aulus Plautius led the Roman invasion of Britain in 43 AD.
• The Roman legion that is known to have taken part in the invasion of Britain in 43 AD was the IX Hispana.
• The Roman invasion force most likely landed in Britain at Richborough.
• Caratacus, the British leader, carried out a guerrilla campaign against the Romans in the first few decades of their rule.
• Publius Ostorius Scapula defeated Caratacus in a set-piece battle in 51.
• Gnaeus Julius Agricola led the Roman army in the massacre of the Druids and the burning of their sacred groves.
• Boudica led the revolt in the southeast of Britain against the Romans in 60/61.
• Cartimandua, the British ruler, sought refuge among the Brigantes, but was surrendered to the Romans by their queen.
• The Roman withdrawal from Britain occurred during the 5th century.
• Britannia was divided into two provinces during the Diocletian Reforms.
• The Roman introduction of improved agriculture, urban planning, industrial production, and architecture led to the emergence of a Romanized culture.
• The ancient civilization that traded for Cornish tin in the 4th century BC was the Phoenicians.
• Julius Caesar undertook two expeditions to Britain in 55 and 54 BC as part of his conquest of Gaul.
• During the first Roman expedition to Britain in 55 BC, Caesar established a beachhead, but was forced to return to Gaul due to bad weather.
• Caesar established a client king, Mandubracius, in Britain during his expeditions.
• Strabo claimed that the tin trade brought in more annual revenue than any conquest could in Britain.
• The Roman occupation of Britain took place from 43 AD to the 5th century.
• The Roman leader who invaded Britain as part of his Gallic Wars was Julius Caesar.
• The Celtic tribe that crossed the sea into Britain, while other Celtic tribes were unfamiliar with this land, was the Belgae.
• The region of Britain that the Romans held by 47 AD was the southeast of the Fosse Way.
• Emperor Claudius expanded the Roman Empire as far as Caledonia.
• The estimated number of battle casualties on the Caledonian side in the Battle of Mons Graupius was 30,000.
• The Picts gave their name to Scotland.
• By 47 AD, the Romans held the lands southeast of the Fosse Way in Britain.
• The Roman invasion force most likely landed in Britain at Richborough.
• Boudica led the revolt in the southeast of Britain against the Romans in 60/61.
• Cartimandua, the British ruler, sought refuge among the Brigantes, but was surrendered to the Romans by their queen.
• The Silures were implacably opposed to the Roman invaders in Wales.
• Aulus Plautius became governor of Britain after capturing the south of the island.
• The Roman invasion force defeated the Catuvellauni and the Atrebates in two battles during the invasion of Britain in 43 AD.

Test your knowledge of England's history after the Romans! Discover how the Angles, Saxons, and Vikings influenced the formation of different kingdoms. Learn about the Battle of Hastings and the impact of William the Conqueror on the United Kingdom.