Engineering Design Process: Bias and Accessibility
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a key characteristic of a good design process?

  • Defining clear goals and objectives for the design project.
  • Collaborating with others to brainstorm ideas and solutions.
  • Using a consistent format for all design documents. (correct)
  • Iteratively testing and refining a design based on feedback and results.

    • What is a common example of bias in the design of technology?

  • A website that is only available in English. (correct)
  • A smartphone that is too heavy to be used comfortably.
  • A software program that is too complex to learn how to use.
  • A computer game that is too violent for some players.

    • Which of the following is an example of a trade-off in the design of a technology?

  • Choosing a cheaper material for a product to reduce manufacturing costs.
  • Using a more powerful processor to improve the speed of a computer.
  • Adding more features to a software program to increase its functionality.
  • All of the above. (correct)

    • In the context of AI systems, what is a potential consequence of bias in the data used to train the system?

    <p>The AI system might make discriminatory decisions or predictions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an e-safety guideline for using a mobile phone?

    <p>Always use a strong password to protect your accounts. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can you enhance a design to improve its accessibility?

    <p>By simplifying the design and removing unnecessary complexity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of evaluating issues of bias and accessibility in the design of technologies?

    <p>To identify and address potential problems that could prevent people from using technology. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key aspect of collaboration in the engineering design process?

    <p>Sharing ideas and perspectives to identify potential solutions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of accessibility in technology?

    <p>The ability to understand, obtain, and use technology. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a factor that can contribute to accessibility issues in technology?

    <p>Availability of multiple language options. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a physical bias in technology design?

    <p>A keyboard that is designed for right-handed users. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can bias in technology impact individuals?

    <p>It can prevent individuals from using technology effectively. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a technological accessibility issue for users with visual impairments?

    <p>A smartphone that lacks a screen reader. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of how cost can contribute to accessibility issues in technology?

    <p>The high cost of buying a new laptop. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major concern related to accessibility issues in less developed parts of the world?

    <p>Difficulty in obtaining affordable computing devices. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can technology be designed to be more accessible to users with mobility impairments?

    <p>By incorporating voice control options. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    E-safety

    Guidelines to keep users and data safe during technology use.

    Accessibility

    The quality that allows users to understand and use technology.

    Bias

    A limitation in technology design preventing some users from using it.

    Collaboration

    Working with others to create a product or solution.

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    Trade-offs

    Balancing desirable but conflicting aspects, such as time vs. quality.

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    Artificial Intelligence (AI)

    Computer systems designed to perform tasks requiring human intelligence.

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    Computer E-safety guidelines

    Rules for safe use of computers, like logging out and using strong passwords.

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    Mobile phone E-safety

    Rules for safely using mobile devices, such as not sharing personal details.

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    Bias in technology

    Bias in technology refers to the design that limits usability for certain groups.

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    Language bias

    Language bias occurs when controls on devices are only labeled in one language, excluding others.

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    Physical bias

    Physical bias refers to designs favoring certain physical characteristics, like right-handedness.

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    Cost barriers

    Cost barriers prevent individuals from obtaining technology they cannot afford.

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    Education barriers

    Education barriers refer to the lack of knowledge or experience that inhibits technology use.

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    Mobility impairments

    Mobility impairments hinder the ability to hold or interact with devices like keyboards or touchscreens.

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    Visual impairments

    Visual impairments limit the ability to see information on devices, complicating usage.

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    Study Notes

    Unit 2: Engineering Design Process and Impacts

    • Unit focuses on evaluating bias and accessibility in existing technology design.
    • Students will improve designs to address these issues.
    • Examines trade-offs related to computing technology and its impact on everyday life and career choices.
    • Focuses on analysing AI systems, their decisions, and potential consequences.
    • Includes selecting appropriate collaboration strategies for creating diverse computational artefacts.

    E-Safety Guidelines

    • Computers: Log out, use strong passwords, do not share passwords. Inform a teacher or parent if someone tries to access your work.
    • Mobile phones: Avoid talking to strangers, do not share location with unknown people, don't answer calls from unknown numbers, and do not share personal information with strangers.

    Overview

    • This unit assesses bias and accessibility in technology designs.
    • Improvements in those designs are sought.
    • Includes examining trade-offs associated with technology's impact on daily life and career paths.
    • Focuses on AI system design decisions and potential consequences.
    • Appropriate collaboration strategies for various computational artefacts will be studied.

    Keywords

    • Accessibility: The quality of something that makes it usable and understandable.
    • Artificial Intelligence (AI): Computer systems that perform tasks needing human intelligence.
    • Bias: In technology, when a person or group cannot use a technology because of its design.
    • Collaboration: Working with others to create something.
    • Design processes: Methods to break complex problems or projects into smaller, more manageable stages and tasks.
    • Trade-offs: A balance between desirable but sometimes conflicting qualities (e.g., time and quality).

    Learning Outcomes

    • 2.1: Evaluate issues of bias and accessibility in existing technologies.
    • 2.2: Enhance technology designs by finding ways they can be improved.
    • 2.3: Explain trade-offs of computing technologies' impact on everyday activities and careers.
    • 2.4: Assess trade-offs in AI system design and its impact on decisions and consequences.
    • 2.5: Select appropriate collaboration strategies in creating computational artefacts.

    Bias and Accessibility Issues

    • Bias: Biased information is inaccurate and unverifiable. Technology bias occurs when a technology's design excludes a specific group of people.
      • Language: Devices with controls in one language exclude those who don't read it.
      • Physical: Devices designed for one physical trait (e.g., right-handed) exclude those with different traits (e.g., left-handed).
    • Accessibility: The characteristics of something that make it possible to understand, obtain, and use.
      • Cost: Some people cannot access technology due to cost.
      • Education: Lack of knowledge and experience with technology is also a barrier.

    User Abilities

    • Technology users have varying abilities (e.g., mobility, visual, hearing impairments).
    • Devices and interfaces should be designed to accommodate these differing abilities for accessibility.

    Design Processes

    • Design processes are used to break problems into smaller parts.
    • Examples of common design processes include engineering design, design thinking and waterfall methodology.
    • Stages in the engineering design process typically involve defining the problem, conducting research, conceptualising, building and marketing, product analysis, and finally improving the concept.

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    Engineering Design Process & Impacts - Unit 2 PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the Engineering Design Process with a focus on evaluating bias and accessibility in technology. Students will assess existing designs and propose improvements while considering the impacts of technology on everyday life and career choices. The importance of E-Safety guidelines in protecting personal information is also highlighted.

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