Engine Types and Designs Quiz

Questions and Answers

What is a Four-stroke cycle?

A valve that exposes ported holes to allow the entrance and exit of gases

An engine that requires one complete revolution of the crankshaft to fire each piston once

An engine requiring two complete cycles of the crankshaft to fire each piston once (correct)

An engine design with valves on one side of the cylinder

What is a Two-stroke cycle?

An engine that requires one complete revolution of the crankshaft to fire each piston once.

What is a Reed valve?

Where the air-fuel mixture is drawn into the crankcase.

What is a Rotary Valve?

A valve that exposes ported holes to allow the entrance and exit of gases. Signup and view all the answers

What is an L-head engine?

An engine design that incorporated both valves on one side of the engine cylinder. Signup and view all the answers

What is a T-head engine?

An engine that has the intake valve on one side of the cylinder and the exhaust valve on the other. Signup and view all the answers

What is an F-head engine?

An engine that has one valve in the block and the other in the cylinder head. Signup and view all the answers

What is an I-head engine?

An engine that houses both valves in the head. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Valve train?

The various parts that make up the valve and operating mechanism. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Rocker arm?

A lever arm used to direct downward motion on a valve stem. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Push rod?

A rod that connects the valve lifter to the rocker arm. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Rocker shaft?

A shaft upon which rocker arms are mounted in some engines. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Ball pivot?

An arrangement in which the rocker arm pivots. Signup and view all the answers

What is an Overhead camshaft?

A camshaft mounted above the cylinder head. Signup and view all the answers

What is Detonation?

A condition where the fuel charge fires or burns too rapidly. Signup and view all the answers

What is Preignition?

Condition where the fuel charge is ignited before it is intended. Signup and view all the answers

Who developed the Ricardo combustion chamber for L-head engines?

Ricardo. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Squish area?

The area between the piston head at TDC and the cylinder head. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Hemispherical combustion chamber?

A dome-shaped combustion chamber that provides increased engine aspiration. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Wedge chamber?

A combustion chamber which utilizes a wedge shape. Signup and view all the answers

What does Radical refer to in engine design?

A line at right angles to a shaft, cylinder, etc., center line. Signup and view all the answers

What does Inline describe in engine components?

Any group of components in a straight row. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Slant engine?

An inline engine in which the cylinders have been tilted at an angle from the vertical plane. Signup and view all the answers

What is an Inclined engine?

An engine in which all of its cylinders are in a straight row. Signup and view all the answers

What is a V-type engine?

Places two banks or rows of cylinders at an angle to each other. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Horizontal-opposed engine?

An engine that is placed perpendicular to the vehicle chassis. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Firing order?

The order in which the cylinders must be fired. Signup and view all the answers

What are Engine mounts?

Pads made of metal, rubber, and plastic designed to hold the engine to the frame. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Rotary engine?

An internal combustion engine that uses triangular rotors instead of pistons. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Rotor?

The rotor is a moving component of an electromagnetic system. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Rotor housing?

A circular metal housing with evenly spaced slots cut into it for rotor vanes. Signup and view all the answers

What is an Eccentric Shaft?

One of the moving parts in a rotary engine. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Miller-cycle engine?

An engine where the intake valve is held open for a much longer time. Signup and view all the answers

What is Natural gas?

General term for any petroleum-based gas, such as propane and liquefied petroleum gas. Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a Variable compression engine?

Varies its compression ratio to minimize fuel consumption. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Engine Types and Cycles

Four-stroke cycle: Requires two complete crankshaft cycles to fire each piston once.
Two-stroke cycle: Only needs one complete crankshaft revolution to fire each piston.

Engine Valves

Reed valve: Allows air-fuel mixture to enter the crankcase.
Rotary valve: Exposes ported holes for gas intake and exhaust.

Engine Designs

L-head: Features both valves on one side of the cylinder.
T-head: Has intake and exhaust valves located on opposite sides of the cylinder.
F-head: One valve is in the block, the other is in the cylinder head.
I-head: Contains both valves in the cylinder head.

Valve Mechanisms

Valve train: Comprises various parts involved in valve operation.
Rocker arm: Directs downward motion onto the valve stem.
Push rod: Connects the valve lifter to the rocker arm.
Rocker shaft: A shaft supporting rocker arms in some engine designs.
Ball pivot: A mechanism for rocker arm pivoting.

Camshaft and Combustion Dynamics

Overhead camshaft: Positioned above the cylinder head; driven by a timing mechanism.
Detonation: Rapid fuel charge ignition causing a knocking noise in the combustion chamber.
Preignition: Occurs when fuel ignites prematurely.

Combustion Chamber Design

Ricardo: Innovated a combustion chamber design originally for L-head engines, adapted for I-head engines.
Squish area: Gap between the piston head at top dead center (TDC) and the cylinder head.
Hemispherical combustion chamber: Dome-shaped design enhancing engine aspiration with reduced heat loss.
Wedge chamber: Features a wedge shape, efficient and conducive to mass production.

Engine Configuration

Radical: A line perpendicular to a shaft or cylinder center line.
Inline: Components arranged in a straight row.
Slant engine: Cylinders tilted from the vertical plane in an inline arrangement.
Inclined engine: All cylinders are aligned in a straight row.
V-type engine: Arranges two banks of cylinders at angles of 60 or 90 degrees.
Horizontal-opposed engine: Positioned perpendicular to the vehicle chassis.

Engine Operations

Firing order: Sequence in which the engine cylinders fire.
Engine mounts: Support systems made of metal, rubber, or plastic to secure the engine to the chassis; may include liquid-filled options.

Rotary Engines

Rotary engine: Uses triangular rotors instead of pistons for the engine cycle, also known as a Wankel engine.
Rotor: A moving part in electromagnetic systems like motors and generators.
Rotor housing: Metal casing with slots for rotor vanes.
Eccentric shaft: Key component in rotary engines, its configuration depends on the number of rotors.

Advanced Concepts

Miller-cycle: Extended intake valve opening during the piston’s compression stroke, enhancing efficiency.
Natural gas: General term for petroleum-based gases such as propane and liquefied petroleum gas.
Variable compression engine: Adjusts its compression ratio to optimize fuel efficiency.

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Description

Test your knowledge on various engine types, cycles, and valve mechanisms. This quiz will cover the four-stroke and two-stroke cycles, different engine designs, and how valve trains function. Perfect for automotive enthusiasts and students!