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Questions and Answers
What is the function of the cylinder head?
Which component transmits the power developed by burning fuel to the crankshaft?
What is the purpose of the connecting rod?
What is the role of the crankshaft in an engine system?
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What is the function of the piston rings in an engine?
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Which part of the engine is responsible for admitting air and fuel and discharging exhaust gases?
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What is the purpose of the main bearings in an engine?
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Which component connects the piston with the connecting rod in an engine?
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What is the function of the fuel injection nozzle in an engine?
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Which component operates the intake valve and exhaust valve in an engine?
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What is the function of fly wheels in an engine?
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What is the purpose of the cooling water jackets in an engine?
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Study Notes
Engine Components
- A cylinder is the main part of an engine where fuel is burnt to develop power.
- The inner diameter of a cylinder is called the bore, which allows for piston movement with rings.
- A cylinder head closes one end of the cylinder and contains valves that admit air and fuel and discharge exhaust gases.
Piston and Piston Rings
- A piston closes the other end of the working space of the cylinder and transmits power developed by burning fuel to the crankshaft.
- Piston rings lubricated with engine oil produce a gas-tight seal between the piston and cylinder liner.
- The distance traveled by a piston from one end of the cylinder to the other is termed as stroke.
Connecting Rod
- A connecting rod changes and transmits the reciprocating motion of the piston to the continuously rotating crank pin during the working stroke.
- The small end of the connecting rod is attached to the wrist pin located in the piston, and the big end has a bearing for the crank pin.
Crankshaft
- A crankshaft transmits power from the piston to the driven shaft.
- The parts of the crankshaft supported by and rotating in the main bearing are called journals.
Main Bearing
- Main bearings support the crankshaft, which turns in these bearings.
Crank Pin and Bearing
- The crank pin and bearing is a bearing between the big end of the connecting rod and crank pin.
Fuel Injection System
- The fuel injection system consists of a fuel pump, fuel line, and fuel injector.
- Fuel is delivered into the combustion space of the cylinder by an injection system.
- The fuel injector delivers fuel in the form of a fine spray under pressure through small holes.
Piston Pin and Bearing
- The piston pin and bearing connect the piston with the connecting rod, allowing the piston to move in the cylinder.
Exhaust Valve
- The exhaust valve removes the products of combustion from the cylinder after they have done work on the piston.
Camshaft
- The camshaft is driven from the crankshaft by a timing gear on a chain.
- The camshaft operates the intake valve and exhaust valve through the cam, cam followers, push rods, and rocker arms.
Valve Springs
- Valve springs serve to close the valve.
Cylinder Block or Crankcase
- The crankcase holds together the cylinder, piston, and crankshaft.
- It is also called the cylinder block if the cylinder liners are inserted into it.
Flywheel
- A flywheel is used to take care of fluctuations in cyclic variations in speed.
- It stores energy during the power stroke and releases it during other strokes, giving nearly constant output torque.
Bed Plate
- The lower portion of the crankcase, which is bolted to the foundation, is called the bed plate.
Cooling Water Jackets
- Cooling water enters the jackets in the cylinder head, which is comparatively hot, and passes on to the jackets for the cylinder.
- Its purpose is to keep the combustion space walls cool.
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Description
Learn about the main components of an engine including the cylinder, cylinder head, piston, and piston rings. Understand the functions of each component in the engine system.
