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Questions and Answers
According to the legal precedent mentioned, what did the 14th amendment state?
According to the legal precedent mentioned, what did the 14th amendment state?
Why did the parents challenge the proposed prayer in Engel v. Vitale?
Why did the parents challenge the proposed prayer in Engel v. Vitale?
How did the decision in Engel v. Vitale relate to individual liberty?
How did the decision in Engel v. Vitale relate to individual liberty?
What was the concern of the Amish families in Wisconsin v. Yoder regarding public schooling after 8th grade?
What was the concern of the Amish families in Wisconsin v. Yoder regarding public schooling after 8th grade?
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How did Wisconsin's compulsory education law affect the decision in Wisconsin v. Yoder?
How did Wisconsin's compulsory education law affect the decision in Wisconsin v. Yoder?
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How did Engel v. Vitale and Wisconsin v. Yoder contribute to shaping subsequent legal cases?
How did Engel v. Vitale and Wisconsin v. Yoder contribute to shaping subsequent legal cases?
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In the case of Yoder v. Wisconsin, why did the Supreme Court rule in favor of Yoder?
In the case of Yoder v. Wisconsin, why did the Supreme Court rule in favor of Yoder?
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What significant principle was established in Tinker v. Des Moines regarding freedom of speech on school property?
What significant principle was established in Tinker v. Des Moines regarding freedom of speech on school property?
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Why did the Supreme Court uphold the conviction of Charles Schenck in Schenck v. United States?
Why did the Supreme Court uphold the conviction of Charles Schenck in Schenck v. United States?
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What was the main significance of Tinker v. Des Moines in relation to student rights?
What was the main significance of Tinker v. Des Moines in relation to student rights?
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What did the Supreme Court emphasize in Yoder v. Wisconsin regarding parental rights and education?
What did the Supreme Court emphasize in Yoder v. Wisconsin regarding parental rights and education?
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What fundamental aspect was established by Schenck v. United States regarding free speech during wartime?
What fundamental aspect was established by Schenck v. United States regarding free speech during wartime?
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Study Notes
Engel v. Vitale (1962)
- The New York Board of Regents proposed a prayer for children to recite after the Pledge of Allegiance, which was challenged by Stephen Engel and other parents.
- The challenge was based on the First Amendment's Establishment Clause, which prohibits the establishment of religion.
- The 14th Amendment applied the First Amendment to state and national governments.
- The Supreme Court decided that the prayer violated the Establishment Clause.
Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972)
- Three Amish families in Wisconsin removed their children from public schools after the 8th grade, citing fears of religious indoctrination.
- Wisconsin had a compulsory education law up to age 16, which the parents violated by removing their children from school.
- The Supreme Court unanimously ruled in favor of the Amish families, citing their right to free exercise of religion.
Tinker v. Des Moines (1969)
- The Tinker family wore black armbands to school to protest the Vietnam War, which led to their suspension.
- The Supreme Court ruled that the school's policy violated the students' First Amendment right to free speech.
- The case established the "substantial disruption test" for limiting student speech on school property.
Schenck v. United States (1919)
- Charles Schenck wrote a pamphlet urging American men not to join the military during World War I.
- Schenck claimed that the Espionage Act, which prohibited interfering with military recruitment, violated his First Amendment right to free speech.
- The Supreme Court ruled that the Espionage Act was constitutional and did not violate Schenck's First Amendment rights.
- The case established a clear standard for limiting speech during times of war.
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Description
Explore the key details of the 1962 Engel v. Vitale case where parents challenged a school prayer policy in New York, citing violation of the first amendment establishment clause. Understand the legal precedents and implications of this landmark case.