Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of these is an example of energy transfer?
Which of these is an example of energy transfer?
- A rock sitting still on the ground.
- A book resting on a table.
- A car parked in a garage.
- Bringing water to boil in an electric kettle. (correct)
What happens to energy when a system changes?
What happens to energy when a system changes?
- Energy is destroyed.
- The way some or all of the energy is stored changes. (correct)
- The total amount of energy remains constant and its form is unchanged.
- Energy is created.
In a transfer diagram, what do the arrows represent?
In a transfer diagram, what do the arrows represent?
- The energy transfers. (correct)
- The amount of energy in each store.
- The boundaries of the system.
- The energy stores.
Flashcards
Energy
Energy
The capacity for doing work, existing in different stores and transferable but neither created nor destroyed.
Energy store
Energy store
Different ways energy can be stored, such as chemical, kinetic, gravitational potential, elastic potential, and thermal.
Energy transfer
Energy transfer
Moving energy from one store to another, including heating, waves, electric current, or a force moving an object.
Study Notes
- Energy exists in different 'stores'.
- Energy cannot be created or destroyed.
- Energy can be transferred, dissipated, or stored.
- Energy can remain in the same store for varying durations.
- Energy transfers occur continuously with system changes, affecting energy storage.
- Examples of energy transfers:
- A boat moving through water converts chemical energy into kinetic energy.
- Boiling water in a kettle involves electricity increasing the internal energy of the element, which in turn increases the water's internal (thermal) energy and temperature.
- A swinging pirate ship ride transfers kinetic energy into gravitational potential energy.
- Energy is transferred via:
- Heating
- Waves
- Electric current
- A force moving an object
- Potential difference (voltage) measures the energy given to charge carriers in a circuit, measured in volts (V).
- Voltage between two points enables electric current flow.
- Materials 'give out' energy, decreasing their internal energy (e.g., infrared radiation from the Sun).
- 'Work' signifies energy transfer scientifically, exemplified by a grazing cow, firing catapult, or boiling kettle.
- Diagrams illustrate energy transfer between stores, including transfer diagrams and Sankey diagrams.
- Transfer diagrams use boxes for energy stores and arrows for energy transfers.
- A child at the top of a slide has gravitational energy that converts to kinetic and internal energy due to mechanical work and friction.
- This shifts energy from gravitational potential energy to kinetic and internal energy, raising temperatures.
- Sankey diagrams show energy transfer into different stores using arrows that split, with arrow width indicating energy quantity.
- Sankey diagrams are valuable when energy amounts are known.
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