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Questions and Answers
Anything in motion has energy in its kinetic energy store.
Anything in motion has energy in its kinetic energy store.
True
The hotter an object is, the less energy it has in its thermal energy store.
The hotter an object is, the less energy it has in its thermal energy store.
False
Chemical energy can be released by physical changes.
Chemical energy can be released by physical changes.
False
Gravitational potential energy is associated with anything that has mass in a gravitational field.
Gravitational potential energy is associated with anything that has mass in a gravitational field.
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The specific heat capacity of a substance is defined as the amount of energy needed to raise its temperature by 1 °C per kilogram.
The specific heat capacity of a substance is defined as the amount of energy needed to raise its temperature by 1 °C per kilogram.
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The formula for change in thermal energy is $ΔE = mcΔΘ$.
The formula for change in thermal energy is $ΔE = mcΔΘ$.
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Energy is always dissipated in the process of calculating specific heat capacity.
Energy is always dissipated in the process of calculating specific heat capacity.
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When an object falls, energy is transferred from its chemical energy store to its kinetic energy store.
When an object falls, energy is transferred from its chemical energy store to its kinetic energy store.
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The gradient of the temperature change against energy transferred graph helps in finding the specific heat capacity of a material.
The gradient of the temperature change against energy transferred graph helps in finding the specific heat capacity of a material.
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Electrostatic energy is present in any object with an electric charge interacting with another electric charge.
Electrostatic energy is present in any object with an electric charge interacting with another electric charge.
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Study Notes
Energy Stores
- Objects have energy in various stores: kinetic, thermal, chemical, gravitational potential, elastic potential, electrostatic, magnetic, nuclear.
- Kinetic energy is associated with movement.
- Thermal energy is linked to temperature; higher temperature indicates more thermal energy.
- Chemical energy is stored in substances capable of undergoing chemical reactions.
- Gravitational potential energy is related to an object's height within a gravitational field.
- Elastic potential energy is associated with stretched or compressed objects.
- Electrostatic energy arises from interactions between electric charges.
- Magnetic energy is found in interacting magnetic objects.
- Nuclear energy is stored within atomic nuclei, released through nuclear reactions.
Energy Transfer and Transformation
- Energy can be transferred from one store to another.
- Energy transformations follow the principle of conservation, meaning it's neither created nor destroyed. It only changes forms.
- Work done is energy transferred.
- Power is the rate of energy transfer (work done per time).
Energy Transfer in Falling Objects
- When an object falls, energy from its gravitational potential energy store is transferred to its kinetic energy store.
- For a falling object with no air resistance, the energy lost from the gravitational potential store equals the gained kinetic energy.
Specific Heat Capacity
- Specific heat capacity quantifies the energy needed to increase the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1 °C.
- Formula: ΔE = mcΔθ, where ΔE is the change in thermal energy, m is the mass, c is the specific heat capacity, and Δθ is the change in temperature.
Core Practical: Investigating Specific Heat Capacity
- Use an electric heater, ammeter, voltmeter, thermometer, and an insulated container (e.g. a metal block).
- Measure energy transferred by the heater using power and time.
- Plot a graph of temperature change versus energy transferred.
- The gradient of the linear part of the graph allows calculation of the specific heat capacity.
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Description
This quiz covers the various stores of energy, such as kinetic, thermal, chemical, and nuclear. It also explores how energy can be transferred and transformed, adhering to the conservation principle. Test your understanding of these essential concepts in physics!
