Questions and Answers
Explain the concept of kinetic energy and provide the formula to calculate it.
Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion. The formula to calculate kinetic energy is given by KE = (1/2)mv^2, where m is the mass of the object (in kilograms) and v is the speed of the object (in meters per second).
Define gravitational potential energy and explain the factors that affect it.
Gravitational potential energy is the energy an object possesses due to its position in a gravitational field. The factors that affect gravitational potential energy are the height of the object above a reference point and the strength of the gravitational field.
Describe the concept of thermal energy and provide an example of its manifestation.
Thermal energy is the internal energy of a system due to the kinetic energy of its particles. An example of its manifestation is the heat produced by the movement of molecules in a substance.
Compare and contrast kinetic energy and potential energy, providing examples of each.
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Explain the relationship between energy and work, and provide the unit of measurement for energy.
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Study Notes
Energy Stores
- Energy can be stored in different places and transferred from one store to another.
- Energy can be thought of as a liquid that can be transferred between stores.
Types of Energy Stores
- Kinetic energy: due to the motion of an object.
- Potential energy:
- Elastic potential energy: energy stored in a deformed object (e.g., squashed or squeezed).
- Gravitational potential energy: energy due to the height of an object.
- Thermal energy: internal energy of an object.
Kinetic Energy Formula
- Kinetic energy (KE) = 1/2 × m × v^2, where:
- m is the mass of the object (measured in kilograms).
- v is the speed of the object (measured in meters per second).
- Unit of energy: Joule (J).
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