Energy Sources and Conversion Quiz

The calorific value of a fuel is the amount of heat produced by the complete combustion of a unit quantity of the fuel. It is defined as the gross or net calorific values of the fuel.

Petroleum cracking is the process of breaking down large hydrocarbon molecules into smaller and more useful ones. An example of this is fluidized bed catalytic cracking.

Hydrogen as a fuel has the advantage of being clean and producing water as the only byproduct. It is produced through processes like electrolysis and can be stored in compressed gas or liquid form.

<p>A Silicon-based PV cell consists of layers of silicon doped with different materials to create a flow of electrons when exposed to sunlight. Its advantages include reliability, long lifespan, and low maintenance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>QDSSC’s are solar cells that use quantum dots to absorb and convert sunlight into electricity. Their principle involves the quantum confinement effect, they have properties like high efficiency, and applications in flexible and transparent solar panels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The reformation of petrol is the process of transforming low-octane naphtha into high-octane petrol or gasoline. This process is significant in the petroleum industry as it helps to improve the quality of petrol by increasing its octane rating, which enhances engine performance and reduces the risk of knocking or pinging.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The characteristics of Lithium ion batteries include high energy density, low self-discharge, and a relatively slow loss of charge when not in use. These batteries are constructed with a lithium cobalt oxide cathode and a graphite anode. They work based on the movement of lithium ions between the anode and the cathode during charge and discharge cycles. The applications of Lithium ion batteries range from consumer electronics and electric vehicles to grid energy storage systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Biodiesel is produced through a chemical process called transesterification, where vegetable oils or animal fats are reacted with alcohol to produce fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). Biodiesel has the potential to serve as a sustainable energy source due to its renewable nature, lower emissions of pollutants, and compatibility with existing diesel engines and infrastructure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Quantum Dot Sensitized Solar Cells (QDSSC’s) operate based on the light-absorbing properties of semiconductor nanocrystals, known as quantum dots. These solar cells exhibit properties such as tunable bandgap, multiple exciton generation, and size-dependent optoelectronic properties. Their applications include use in photovoltaic devices, light-emitting diodes, and photodetectors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydrogen is advantageous as a fuel due to its high energy content, clean combustion, and potential for producing water as the only byproduct. It can be produced through processes such as electrolysis of water or reforming of natural gas, and stored in various forms including compressed gas, liquid hydrogen, and solid-state storage materials.</p> Signup and view all the answers