Energy Sector Analysis Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What percentage of the energy supply comes from Biomass in the given data?

46%

How many units of electricity are equivalent to 1PJ?

330 million units

What is the purpose of the small battery system in the Solar Intermittency Smoothed by a small battery system scenario?

The small battery system is used to smooth out the intermittency of solar power generation.

What percentage of energy usage is attributed to the Industrial sector?

26% Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the large battery system in the Solar Diurnality 7000 Peak shifted through large battery system scenario?

The large battery system is used to shift the peak demand by storing solar energy during the day and discharging it during peak hours. Signup and view all the answers

What is the total renewable energy (RE) capacity in the Demand and Energy dilemma – Plan for future scenario?

The total RE capacity in this scenario is 3000MW, consisting of 1100MW solar, 1200MW hydro, and 700MW wind. Signup and view all the answers

What is the total power capacity of the Mahaweli Complex in MW?

841.2MW Signup and view all the answers

What is the total renewable energy (RE) contribution as a percentage of total energy in the Demand and Energy dilemma – Plan for future scenario?

The renewable energy contribution is 54% of the total energy in this scenario. Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of Hydro power in the total generation mix?

26% Signup and view all the answers

What is the total renewable energy (RE) capacity in the Demand and Energy dilemma scenario with 1500MWh of storage?

The total RE capacity in this scenario is 3600MW, consisting of 1200MW solar, 1200MW hydro, and 1200MW wind. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary problem being addressed?

Over dependency on imported fuels Signup and view all the answers

What are the main elements of the proposed solution for managing energy usage and transport electrification?

The proposed solution includes electrification of suburban railways, MRT systems in Colombo and Kandy, electric buses for metro-transport, and modernization of bio-mass as a cooking fuel, as well as the production of green hydrogen for a hydrogen energy economy. Signup and view all the answers

What are the specific additions proposed for solar and wind energy sources?

Solar additions = 4,700MW (22,000GWh), Wind additions = 1,300MW (5,150GWh) Signup and view all the answers

What is the land requirement for setting up 1MW of solar and wind power plants?

Solar: 2 acres for 1MW, Wind: 4 acres for 1MW Signup and view all the answers

What are the main components of the proposed solution for managing the energy transfer network?

The proposed solution includes a 400kV backbone structure, 220kV collector substations, climate prediction and advanced controls, and the India-Sri Lanka interconnection. Signup and view all the answers

What is the proposed solution to address the over-dependency on imported fuels?

Indigenous energy sources and low-cost imported sources Signup and view all the answers

What is the total investment required for the 250Bn LKR energy project, and what is the annual payback?

The total investment required for the 250Bn LKR energy project is 760 Bn LKR, with an annual payback of 90 Bn LKR. Signup and view all the answers

What are the main components of the energy generation mix in the project, and what is the target percentage of renewable energy generation?

The main components of the energy generation mix are 2650MW of solar, 1200MW of hydro, and 1200MW of wind. The target is to generate 70% of the energy from renewable sources. Signup and view all the answers

What are the issues mentioned for setting up LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) infrastructure?

Land-based storage and terminal, FSU/FSRU (Floating Storage and Regasification Unit) mooring system and piping, LNG fuel procurement, and structuring LNG contract Signup and view all the answers

What are the different scenarios mentioned for setting up power projects based on land availability and grid infrastructure?

<ol> <li>Private Land, EP (Environmental Process) process alone, Grid Available; 2) State Land, Grid Available, EP with Semiannuity payment; 3) Grid not Available, Unplanned, EP with Trans.Write</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Energy Sector Analysis

• Sri Lanka's energy supply consists of 51 PJ (13%) from Electricity, 170 PJ (41%) from Petroleum, and 191 PJ (46%) from Biomass, totaling 412 PJ.

Energy Usage

• Electricity energy usage is divided among Transport (135 PJ, 33%), Domestic and Commercial (170 PJ, 41%), and Industrial (109 PJ, 26%).

Energy Balance

• Domestic energy balance: 8.6% surplus, 6% deficit • Industrial energy balance: 33% surplus, 26.4% deficit • Transport energy balance: 2% surplus, 4.4% deficit, 19.6% deficit

Generation Mix

• Total installed capacity: 4,722 MW • Hydro-power: 1,383 MW, 4,200 GWh • Coal: 900 MW, 7,500 GWh • Petroleum: 1,297 MW, 3,200 GWh • Renewables: 1,153 MW, 1,500 GWh • Energy mix: RE = 9%, Hydro = 26%, Petroleum = 19%, Coal = 46%

Mahaweli Complex

• Total capacity: 841.2 MW • Hydro-power: 150 MW, 201 MW, 3.2 MW, 40 MW, 210 MW, 122 MW, 50 MW, 40 MW, 25 MW • Kehelgamu-Maskeli Complex: Total capacity: 388.8 MW

Cost Mix

• Low Hydro Source: Power (MW) = 1,383, Energy (GWh) = 4,200, Average rate of kWh, Total Cost (Rs.) = Capital cost incorporated into the project • Planned Land Tender with Semi-annuity payment, Unplanned Land Tender with Trans. Capital cost incorporated into the project

Solar Energy

• Intermittency smoothed by a small battery system - ramping batteries • Diurnality: 7000 peak shifted through large battery system - usually 1 MWh per 1 MW

Demand and Energy Dilemma

• Peak demand: 6000 MW • Solar: 1200 MW, Hydro: 1200 MW, Wind: 700 MW • Energy from RE: 54% • Storage requirement: 1500 MWh

Solar and Wind Additions

• Solar: 4,700 MW, 22,000 GWh • Wind: 1,300 MW, 16,500 GWh • Hydro Wind: 5,150 GWh • Fuel: Hydro 10,000 GWh, LNG 5,000 GWh, Coal 0 GWh (targeted for 2024 and 2030)

Issues and Solutions

• Over dependency on imported fuels • Solution: Indigenous Energy Sources and Low-cost imported sources, Transfer Usage, Energy Network Development • Private Land EP process alone, Grid Available, Planned Grid not Available • Investment: 250 Bn LKR, Payback: LKR 30 Bn/year • Energy Storage: 4,500 MWh, LKR 760 Bn, Payback: LKR 90 Bn/year

Management of Energy Transfer

• Network Development: 400 kV Backbone structure, 220 kV Collector Substations • Climate Prediction and advanced controls • India – Sri Lanka Interconnection

Management of Usage

• Transport Electrification: Electrification of suburban Railways, MRT system in Colombo and Kandy, Electric Buses for metro-transport • Modernization of Bio-Mass: Development of bio-mass as a cooking fuel, Production of Green Hydrogen • Smart Grid: Smart Metering, Micro Grids, Grid strengthening, Digital enabling of the grid, Energy Storage, Battery energy storage, Pump Storage, Demand Response and Flexible Loads, Advance tariff structure, Indian Interconnection, Utility Management, Restructuring the utilities for transparency and accountability, Micro-Grids, Community Micro-Grids, Home Micro-Grids

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Description

Test your knowledge on energy sector analysis including energy supply, electricity consumption, biomass usage, and energy balance. Explore concepts like energy units conversion, transportation energy usage, and industrial energy consumption.