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Questions and Answers
What is the significance of proximate analysis of coal?
What is the significance of proximate analysis of coal?
- To determine the physical properties of coal
- To determine the moisture content of coal (correct)
- To determine the energy content of coal
- To determine the exact chemical composition of coal
What is the unit of calorific value?
What is the unit of calorific value?
- J/g
- KCal/kg
- KJ/mol
- KJ/kg (correct)
What is the purpose of cracking of petroleum fractions?
What is the purpose of cracking of petroleum fractions?
- To increase the octane number of gasoline
- To produce gasoline and diesel from crude oil (correct)
- To produce petroleum jelly
- To decrease the cetane number of diesel
What is the effect of knocking in an IC engine?
What is the effect of knocking in an IC engine?
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What is the characteristic of a good fuel?
What is the characteristic of a good fuel?
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What is the difference between gross calorific value and net calorific value?
What is the difference between gross calorific value and net calorific value?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a good fuel?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a good fuel?
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What is the purpose of cracking of petroleum fractions?
What is the purpose of cracking of petroleum fractions?
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What is the significance of ultimate analysis of coal?
What is the significance of ultimate analysis of coal?
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What is the relation between octane number and knocking in an IC engine?
What is the relation between octane number and knocking in an IC engine?
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What is the primary reason for the difference between gross and net calorific values of a fuel?
What is the primary reason for the difference between gross and net calorific values of a fuel?
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A fuel with a high cetane number is likely to have a
A fuel with a high cetane number is likely to have a
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In a combustion reaction, if the volume of air supplied is less than the theoretical volume, the reaction is said to be
In a combustion reaction, if the volume of air supplied is less than the theoretical volume, the reaction is said to be
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A fuel with a high octane number is more resistant to
A fuel with a high octane number is more resistant to
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In a combustion reaction, the mass-to-mass stoichiometry is typically expressed in terms of
In a combustion reaction, the mass-to-mass stoichiometry is typically expressed in terms of
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Which of the following is a characteristic of gasoline in an IC engine?
Which of the following is a characteristic of gasoline in an IC engine?
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What is the purpose of ultimate analysis of coal?
What is the purpose of ultimate analysis of coal?
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In a combustion reaction, what happens when the volume of air supplied is less than the theoretical volume?
In a combustion reaction, what happens when the volume of air supplied is less than the theoretical volume?
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Which of the following is a result of knocking in an IC engine?
Which of the following is a result of knocking in an IC engine?
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What is the relation between cetane number and fuel ignition?
What is the relation between cetane number and fuel ignition?
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Study Notes
Chemical Fuels
- Classified into solid, liquid, and gaseous fuels based on their physical state
- Calorific value: a measure of the energy content of a fuel
- Gross calorific value: the total energy released when a unit of fuel is burned
- Net calorific value: the available energy released when a unit of fuel is burned, considering the water produced during combustion
Analysis of Coal
- Proximate analysis: determines the percentage of moisture, volatile matter, fixed carbon, and ash in coal
- Ultimate analysis: determines the percentage of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur in coal
- Significance of coal analysis: helps in determining the quality and suitability of coal for various applications
Characteristics of Good Fuel
- High energy density
- Easy to handle and store
- Low water content
- Low sulfur content
- Low ash content
- Easy to ignite and burn
Cracking of Petroleum Fractions
- Cracking: a process of breaking down large molecules into smaller ones
- Used to produce gasoline, diesel, and other petroleum products
- Cracking of petroleum fractions: involves the breakdown of large molecules into smaller ones to produce useful products
Use of Gasoline and Diesel in IC Engines
- Gasoline: used in spark ignition engines
- Diesel: used in compression ignition engines
- Difference in combustion process: spark ignition in gasoline engines, compression ignition in diesel engines
Knocking, Octane Number, and Cetane Number
- Knocking: a phenomenon where fuel ignites prematurely in an engine, leading to engine damage
- Octane number: a measure of a fuel's resistance to knocking, with higher numbers indicating higher resistance
- Cetane number: a measure of a fuel's ignition quality, with higher numbers indicating better ignition quality
Combustion Calculations
- Mass to mass calculations: involve calculating the amount of air required for combustion based on the mass of fuel
- Volume to volume calculations: involve calculating the amount of air required for combustion based on the volume of fuel
- Less air supplied type: involves calculating the amount of air required for combustion when less air is available than the stoichiometric amount
Chemical Fuels
- Classified into solid, liquid, and gaseous fuels based on their physical state
- Calorific value: a measure of the energy content of a fuel
- Gross calorific value: the total energy released when a unit of fuel is burned
- Net calorific value: the available energy released when a unit of fuel is burned, considering the water produced during combustion
Analysis of Coal
- Proximate analysis: determines the percentage of moisture, volatile matter, fixed carbon, and ash in coal
- Ultimate analysis: determines the percentage of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur in coal
- Significance of coal analysis: helps in determining the quality and suitability of coal for various applications
Characteristics of Good Fuel
- High energy density
- Easy to handle and store
- Low water content
- Low sulfur content
- Low ash content
- Easy to ignite and burn
Cracking of Petroleum Fractions
- Cracking: a process of breaking down large molecules into smaller ones
- Used to produce gasoline, diesel, and other petroleum products
- Cracking of petroleum fractions: involves the breakdown of large molecules into smaller ones to produce useful products
Use of Gasoline and Diesel in IC Engines
- Gasoline: used in spark ignition engines
- Diesel: used in compression ignition engines
- Difference in combustion process: spark ignition in gasoline engines, compression ignition in diesel engines
Knocking, Octane Number, and Cetane Number
- Knocking: a phenomenon where fuel ignites prematurely in an engine, leading to engine damage
- Octane number: a measure of a fuel's resistance to knocking, with higher numbers indicating higher resistance
- Cetane number: a measure of a fuel's ignition quality, with higher numbers indicating better ignition quality
Combustion Calculations
- Mass to mass calculations: involve calculating the amount of air required for combustion based on the mass of fuel
- Volume to volume calculations: involve calculating the amount of air required for combustion based on the volume of fuel
- Less air supplied type: involves calculating the amount of air required for combustion when less air is available than the stoichiometric amount
Chemical Fuels
- Classified into solid, liquid, and gaseous fuels based on their physical state
- Calorific value: a measure of the energy content of a fuel
- Gross calorific value: the total energy released when a unit of fuel is burned
- Net calorific value: the available energy released when a unit of fuel is burned, considering the water produced during combustion
Analysis of Coal
- Proximate analysis: determines the percentage of moisture, volatile matter, fixed carbon, and ash in coal
- Ultimate analysis: determines the percentage of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur in coal
- Significance of coal analysis: helps in determining the quality and suitability of coal for various applications
Characteristics of Good Fuel
- High energy density
- Easy to handle and store
- Low water content
- Low sulfur content
- Low ash content
- Easy to ignite and burn
Cracking of Petroleum Fractions
- Cracking: a process of breaking down large molecules into smaller ones
- Used to produce gasoline, diesel, and other petroleum products
- Cracking of petroleum fractions: involves the breakdown of large molecules into smaller ones to produce useful products
Use of Gasoline and Diesel in IC Engines
- Gasoline: used in spark ignition engines
- Diesel: used in compression ignition engines
- Difference in combustion process: spark ignition in gasoline engines, compression ignition in diesel engines
Knocking, Octane Number, and Cetane Number
- Knocking: a phenomenon where fuel ignites prematurely in an engine, leading to engine damage
- Octane number: a measure of a fuel's resistance to knocking, with higher numbers indicating higher resistance
- Cetane number: a measure of a fuel's ignition quality, with higher numbers indicating better ignition quality
Combustion Calculations
- Mass to mass calculations: involve calculating the amount of air required for combustion based on the mass of fuel
- Volume to volume calculations: involve calculating the amount of air required for combustion based on the volume of fuel
- Less air supplied type: involves calculating the amount of air required for combustion when less air is available than the stoichiometric amount
Chemical Fuels
- Classified into solid, liquid, and gaseous fuels based on their physical state
- Calorific value: a measure of the energy content of a fuel
- Gross calorific value: the total energy released when a unit of fuel is burned
- Net calorific value: the available energy released when a unit of fuel is burned, considering the water produced during combustion
Analysis of Coal
- Proximate analysis: determines the percentage of moisture, volatile matter, fixed carbon, and ash in coal
- Ultimate analysis: determines the percentage of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur in coal
- Significance of coal analysis: helps in determining the quality and suitability of coal for various applications
Characteristics of Good Fuel
- High energy density
- Easy to handle and store
- Low water content
- Low sulfur content
- Low ash content
- Easy to ignite and burn
Cracking of Petroleum Fractions
- Cracking: a process of breaking down large molecules into smaller ones
- Used to produce gasoline, diesel, and other petroleum products
- Cracking of petroleum fractions: involves the breakdown of large molecules into smaller ones to produce useful products
Use of Gasoline and Diesel in IC Engines
- Gasoline: used in spark ignition engines
- Diesel: used in compression ignition engines
- Difference in combustion process: spark ignition in gasoline engines, compression ignition in diesel engines
Knocking, Octane Number, and Cetane Number
- Knocking: a phenomenon where fuel ignites prematurely in an engine, leading to engine damage
- Octane number: a measure of a fuel's resistance to knocking, with higher numbers indicating higher resistance
- Cetane number: a measure of a fuel's ignition quality, with higher numbers indicating better ignition quality
Combustion Calculations
- Mass to mass calculations: involve calculating the amount of air required for combustion based on the mass of fuel
- Volume to volume calculations: involve calculating the amount of air required for combustion based on the volume of fuel
- Less air supplied type: involves calculating the amount of air required for combustion when less air is available than the stoichiometric amount
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