20 Questions
What is the significance of proximate analysis of coal?
To determine the moisture content of coal
What is the unit of calorific value?
KJ/kg
What is the purpose of cracking of petroleum fractions?
To produce gasoline and diesel from crude oil
What is the effect of knocking in an IC engine?
Decreases the efficiency of the engine
What is the characteristic of a good fuel?
High calorific value and low ash content
What is the difference between gross calorific value and net calorific value?
Gross calorific value is the energy released during combustion of a fuel, while net calorific value is the energy released during combustion of a fuel minus the energy required to vaporize the water produced.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a good fuel?
High moisture content
What is the purpose of cracking of petroleum fractions?
To break down large molecules into smaller, more useful fractions
What is the significance of ultimate analysis of coal?
It determines the percentage of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and sulfur in coal.
What is the relation between octane number and knocking in an IC engine?
Low octane number fuels are more prone to knocking.
What is the primary reason for the difference between gross and net calorific values of a fuel?
Heat of vaporization of water
A fuel with a high cetane number is likely to have a
Low ignition delay
In a combustion reaction, if the volume of air supplied is less than the theoretical volume, the reaction is said to be
Incomplete combustion
A fuel with a high octane number is more resistant to
Knocking
In a combustion reaction, the mass-to-mass stoichiometry is typically expressed in terms of
Kilograms of air per kilogram of fuel
Which of the following is a characteristic of gasoline in an IC engine?
High octane number
What is the purpose of ultimate analysis of coal?
To determine the elemental composition of coal
In a combustion reaction, what happens when the volume of air supplied is less than the theoretical volume?
The reaction is incomplete
Which of the following is a result of knocking in an IC engine?
Engine damage
What is the relation between cetane number and fuel ignition?
A higher cetane number indicates a lower ignition temperature
Study Notes
Chemical Fuels
- Classified into solid, liquid, and gaseous fuels based on their physical state
- Calorific value: a measure of the energy content of a fuel
- Gross calorific value: the total energy released when a unit of fuel is burned
- Net calorific value: the available energy released when a unit of fuel is burned, considering the water produced during combustion
Analysis of Coal
- Proximate analysis: determines the percentage of moisture, volatile matter, fixed carbon, and ash in coal
- Ultimate analysis: determines the percentage of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur in coal
- Significance of coal analysis: helps in determining the quality and suitability of coal for various applications
Characteristics of Good Fuel
- High energy density
- Easy to handle and store
- Low water content
- Low sulfur content
- Low ash content
- Easy to ignite and burn
Cracking of Petroleum Fractions
- Cracking: a process of breaking down large molecules into smaller ones
- Used to produce gasoline, diesel, and other petroleum products
- Cracking of petroleum fractions: involves the breakdown of large molecules into smaller ones to produce useful products
Use of Gasoline and Diesel in IC Engines
- Gasoline: used in spark ignition engines
- Diesel: used in compression ignition engines
- Difference in combustion process: spark ignition in gasoline engines, compression ignition in diesel engines
Knocking, Octane Number, and Cetane Number
- Knocking: a phenomenon where fuel ignites prematurely in an engine, leading to engine damage
- Octane number: a measure of a fuel's resistance to knocking, with higher numbers indicating higher resistance
- Cetane number: a measure of a fuel's ignition quality, with higher numbers indicating better ignition quality
Combustion Calculations
- Mass to mass calculations: involve calculating the amount of air required for combustion based on the mass of fuel
- Volume to volume calculations: involve calculating the amount of air required for combustion based on the volume of fuel
- Less air supplied type: involves calculating the amount of air required for combustion when less air is available than the stoichiometric amount
Chemical Fuels
- Classified into solid, liquid, and gaseous fuels based on their physical state
- Calorific value: a measure of the energy content of a fuel
- Gross calorific value: the total energy released when a unit of fuel is burned
- Net calorific value: the available energy released when a unit of fuel is burned, considering the water produced during combustion
Analysis of Coal
- Proximate analysis: determines the percentage of moisture, volatile matter, fixed carbon, and ash in coal
- Ultimate analysis: determines the percentage of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur in coal
- Significance of coal analysis: helps in determining the quality and suitability of coal for various applications
Characteristics of Good Fuel
- High energy density
- Easy to handle and store
- Low water content
- Low sulfur content
- Low ash content
- Easy to ignite and burn
Cracking of Petroleum Fractions
- Cracking: a process of breaking down large molecules into smaller ones
- Used to produce gasoline, diesel, and other petroleum products
- Cracking of petroleum fractions: involves the breakdown of large molecules into smaller ones to produce useful products
Use of Gasoline and Diesel in IC Engines
- Gasoline: used in spark ignition engines
- Diesel: used in compression ignition engines
- Difference in combustion process: spark ignition in gasoline engines, compression ignition in diesel engines
Knocking, Octane Number, and Cetane Number
- Knocking: a phenomenon where fuel ignites prematurely in an engine, leading to engine damage
- Octane number: a measure of a fuel's resistance to knocking, with higher numbers indicating higher resistance
- Cetane number: a measure of a fuel's ignition quality, with higher numbers indicating better ignition quality
Combustion Calculations
- Mass to mass calculations: involve calculating the amount of air required for combustion based on the mass of fuel
- Volume to volume calculations: involve calculating the amount of air required for combustion based on the volume of fuel
- Less air supplied type: involves calculating the amount of air required for combustion when less air is available than the stoichiometric amount
Chemical Fuels
- Classified into solid, liquid, and gaseous fuels based on their physical state
- Calorific value: a measure of the energy content of a fuel
- Gross calorific value: the total energy released when a unit of fuel is burned
- Net calorific value: the available energy released when a unit of fuel is burned, considering the water produced during combustion
Analysis of Coal
- Proximate analysis: determines the percentage of moisture, volatile matter, fixed carbon, and ash in coal
- Ultimate analysis: determines the percentage of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur in coal
- Significance of coal analysis: helps in determining the quality and suitability of coal for various applications
Characteristics of Good Fuel
- High energy density
- Easy to handle and store
- Low water content
- Low sulfur content
- Low ash content
- Easy to ignite and burn
Cracking of Petroleum Fractions
- Cracking: a process of breaking down large molecules into smaller ones
- Used to produce gasoline, diesel, and other petroleum products
- Cracking of petroleum fractions: involves the breakdown of large molecules into smaller ones to produce useful products
Use of Gasoline and Diesel in IC Engines
- Gasoline: used in spark ignition engines
- Diesel: used in compression ignition engines
- Difference in combustion process: spark ignition in gasoline engines, compression ignition in diesel engines
Knocking, Octane Number, and Cetane Number
- Knocking: a phenomenon where fuel ignites prematurely in an engine, leading to engine damage
- Octane number: a measure of a fuel's resistance to knocking, with higher numbers indicating higher resistance
- Cetane number: a measure of a fuel's ignition quality, with higher numbers indicating better ignition quality
Combustion Calculations
- Mass to mass calculations: involve calculating the amount of air required for combustion based on the mass of fuel
- Volume to volume calculations: involve calculating the amount of air required for combustion based on the volume of fuel
- Less air supplied type: involves calculating the amount of air required for combustion when less air is available than the stoichiometric amount
Chemical Fuels
- Classified into solid, liquid, and gaseous fuels based on their physical state
- Calorific value: a measure of the energy content of a fuel
- Gross calorific value: the total energy released when a unit of fuel is burned
- Net calorific value: the available energy released when a unit of fuel is burned, considering the water produced during combustion
Analysis of Coal
- Proximate analysis: determines the percentage of moisture, volatile matter, fixed carbon, and ash in coal
- Ultimate analysis: determines the percentage of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur in coal
- Significance of coal analysis: helps in determining the quality and suitability of coal for various applications
Characteristics of Good Fuel
- High energy density
- Easy to handle and store
- Low water content
- Low sulfur content
- Low ash content
- Easy to ignite and burn
Cracking of Petroleum Fractions
- Cracking: a process of breaking down large molecules into smaller ones
- Used to produce gasoline, diesel, and other petroleum products
- Cracking of petroleum fractions: involves the breakdown of large molecules into smaller ones to produce useful products
Use of Gasoline and Diesel in IC Engines
- Gasoline: used in spark ignition engines
- Diesel: used in compression ignition engines
- Difference in combustion process: spark ignition in gasoline engines, compression ignition in diesel engines
Knocking, Octane Number, and Cetane Number
- Knocking: a phenomenon where fuel ignites prematurely in an engine, leading to engine damage
- Octane number: a measure of a fuel's resistance to knocking, with higher numbers indicating higher resistance
- Cetane number: a measure of a fuel's ignition quality, with higher numbers indicating better ignition quality
Combustion Calculations
- Mass to mass calculations: involve calculating the amount of air required for combustion based on the mass of fuel
- Volume to volume calculations: involve calculating the amount of air required for combustion based on the volume of fuel
- Less air supplied type: involves calculating the amount of air required for combustion when less air is available than the stoichiometric amount
This quiz covers the basics of chemical fuels, their classification, and characteristics. It also delves into the analysis of coal, petroleum fractions, and combustion principles, including numerical problems.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
