Energy Resources and Their Impact
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary source of energy for fossil fuels like coal and oil?

  • Wind energy
  • Solar energy (correct)
  • Hydropower
  • Geothermal energy

    • Which of the following is NOT a direct use of solar energy as mentioned?

  • Driving vehicles
  • Generating wind energy (correct)
  • Heating water
  • Cooking food

    • What process transforms ancient forests into fossil fuels?

  • Combustion
  • Burial under pressure and temperature (correct)
  • Photosynthesis
  • Evaporation

    • What are photovoltaic cells primarily used for?

    <p>Converting solar energy into electricity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following applications of solar power requires specialized equipment?

    <p>Generating electricity with photovoltaic cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic of solar energy makes it advantageous compared to fossil fuels?

    <p>It is renewable and unfailing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which application of solar energy is specifically designed for colder regions?

    <p>Solar heated rooms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'fossil fuels' refer to?

    <p>Energy sources derived from ancient organic matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the challenges mentioned regarding solar energy technology?

    <p>Development of efficient photovoltaic devices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is co-generation primarily aimed at producing?

    <p>Two forms of energy from a single fuel source</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region in India is associated with geothermal energy potential?

    <p>North-western Himalayas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What temperature must spring water exceed to be considered hydrothermal in the mentioned country?

    <p>150°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do satellites like IRS-1 play in geothermal exploration?

    <p>Identify geothermal areas through infrared imaging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following uses an experimental geothermal project in Puga valley?

    <p>Poultry farming and mushroom cultivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a conventional thermal power plant, high-pressure steam is generated by which process?

    <p>Burning fossil fuels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of infrared photographs taken by satellites in geothermal resource identification?

    <p>To locate potential geothermal areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many hydrothermal areas are noted to have spring water exceeding 150°C?

    <p>46</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of condensing exhaust steam in a thermal power plant?

    <p>It returns to the boiler as water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of energy production does a geyser specifically illustrate?

    <p>Directly from steam for geothermal power production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the predicted world population by 2050?

    <p>Eight billion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two factors primarily drive the increase in global energy demand over the next 50 years?

    <p>Population growth and per capita economic growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    By how much does the average person in less-developed countries consume energy compared to an average person in Western Europe or Japan?

    <p>One sixth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What increase in world energy consumption may be expected due to predicted population growth and modest per capita consumption increases in less-developed countries?

    <p>A two to three-fold increase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What will be a likely consequence of both increasing population and economic growth in developing countries?

    <p>Increased demand for electricity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does energy play in modern industrial societies?

    <p>It is essential for production and distribution of goods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a source of energy required in everyday life?

    <p>Solar power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does population growth relate to energy demand according to the provided information?

    <p>It increases energy demand due to more people needing energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is implied about the future need for energy as per the provided context?

    <p>There will likely be a growing need for sustainable energy solutions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is energy considered a crucial factor in current models of development?

    <p>It supports the infrastructure and economy through production.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might be a consequence of increased industrialization on energy demand?

    <p>It increases energy consumption significantly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key challenge noted regarding energy resources in relation to population growth?

    <p>Managing the balance of energy production and ecological impact.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate efficiency range of co-generation power plants?

    <p>75-90%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes the majority of wind energy systems?

    <p>They convert wind's kinetic energy into mechanical power.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of inflammable methane gas does biogas typically contain when produced from cattle dung?

    <p>55-70%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main uses for the residual dung left after generating biogas?

    <p>It is used as a natural fertilizer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about wind farms is true?

    <p>They are clusters of wind turbines that generate electricity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary agricultural benefit of using the residual slurry from biogas production?

    <p>It is a rich source of nitrogen for soil.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of a co-generation plant's low-pressure exhaust steam?

    <p>It is utilized for heating purposes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the potential power generation from co-generation in India?

    <p>It exceeds 20,000 MW even at conservative estimates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a historical use of wind energy?

    <p>Sailing and grinding grain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What additional materials can supplement the production of biogas from cattle dung?

    <p>Water hyacinth and algae.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Energy Resources

    • Modern industrial societies heavily rely on energy.
    • Energy is vital for food production, transportation, and various daily activities.
    • There's a strong link between energy use and economic growth (GDP).
    • Increased energy use leads to a growing environmental impact.

    Introduction

    • Energy is crucial for economic growth.
    • Energy consumption impacts the environment.
    • Understanding energy's role in development is important for creating eco-friendly practices.
    • This unit explores available energy resources, their capacity, and moving towards renewable sources.

    Energy as a Resource

    • Energy demand doubles roughly every 14 years.
    • India, with a large population, consumes a relatively small percentage of global energy compared to countries like the USA.
    • While India's energy use is increasing, per capita consumption remains low.
    • A significant portion of the population relies on biomass fuels (wood, dung, agricultural waste).
    • Fossil fuels (coal, petroleum) are finite resources, thus sustainable alternatives are needed.

    Non-conventional Sources

    • These include: biomass energy, solar energy, fuel cells, geothermal energy, co-generation energy, and wind energy.

    • Biomass is derived from plant materials, animal waste, and byproducts, and is a significant fuel source globally.

    • Solar energy is readily available and non-polluting.

    • Fuel cells directly convert fuel energy into electricity and heat.

    • Geothermal energy captures heat from the Earth.

    • Co-generation produces both heat and electricity.

    • Wind energy utilizes wind turbines to harness energy.

    Conventional Sources

    • These include oil, natural gas, coal, hydropower, and atomic energy.
    • Oil (Fossil Fuel) is a significant energy source in India. 
    • Natural Gas serves various sectors like power generation, fertilizer production, and petrochemicals.
    • Coal is a major energy source in India, though coking coal needs to be imported.
    • Hydropower is a clean source of energy from water flow.
    • Atomic Energy utilizes nuclear reactors to generate electricity.

    Carrying Capacity of Earth's Energy Base

    • Carrying capacity varies with resource availability and socioeconomic factors.
      • Biophysical carrying capacity: Maximum population sustainable by available resources
      • Social carrying capacity: Sustainable population accounting for quality of life, consumption patterns, and trade.

    Energy Demand Due to Population Growth and Industrialization

    • Increasing population and economic growth fuel energy demands, especially electricity. 
    • People in developing countries are expected to consume more energy in the decades ahead.
    • Early stages of industrialization cause increases in energy use followed by slower growth in later stages of economic development.

    Future Energy Needs and Conservation

    • Energy demand will likely grow.
    • Conservation and efficient energy usage are crucial.
    • Renewable sources and innovative ways to use existing sources should be explored. 

    Development of Non-Polluting Energy Systems in India

    • Improved cooking stoves (chulhas) are designed to reduce smoke and improve efficiency.
    • Utilizing city sewage to generate methane for biogas production.
    • Utilizing solar energy (solar panels, cookers, water heating).
    • Utilizing wind energy.

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    Unit 7 Energy Resources PDF

    Description

    This quiz focuses on the vital role energy resources play in modern industrial societies. It covers energy's connection to economic growth, environmental impacts, and the shift toward renewable sources. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for creating sustainable practices for future energy consumption.

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