Podcast
Questions and Answers
During which process is thermal energy released into the atmosphere, going from a gas to a liquid?
During which process is thermal energy released into the atmosphere, going from a gas to a liquid?
- Condensation (correct)
- Vaporization
- Melting
- Sublimation
Which of the following best describes the relationship between temperature and thermal energy of an object?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between temperature and thermal energy of an object?
- Temperature is the total thermal energy, while thermal energy reflects the average kinetic energy.
- Temperature and thermal energy are the same thing, measured using different units.
- Temperature measures only potential energy, while thermal energy measures kinetic energy.
- Temperature measures the average kinetic energy of atoms/molecules, while thermal energy is the total kinetic and potential energy. (correct)
If a metal spoon is placed in a hot cup of coffee, what process transfers heat through the spoon?
If a metal spoon is placed in a hot cup of coffee, what process transfers heat through the spoon?
- Advection
- Convection
- Conduction (correct)
- Radiation
Why does the temperature generally decrease with increasing altitude in the troposphere?
Why does the temperature generally decrease with increasing altitude in the troposphere?
Which of the following best describes the role of 'latent heat' in the context of weather and climate?
Which of the following best describes the role of 'latent heat' in the context of weather and climate?
How does the principle of thermal expansion relate to weather phenomena?
How does the principle of thermal expansion relate to weather phenomena?
What distinguishes climate from weather?
What distinguishes climate from weather?
Why do coastal areas tend to have milder temperatures compared to inland areas at the same latitude?
Why do coastal areas tend to have milder temperatures compared to inland areas at the same latitude?
Increased evaporation due to higher temperatures contributes to which of the following?
Increased evaporation due to higher temperatures contributes to which of the following?
How might deforestation impact local microclimates?
How might deforestation impact local microclimates?
Flashcards
Energy
Energy
The ability to do work.
Law of conservation of energy
Law of conservation of energy
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred.
Potential Energy
Potential Energy
Energy stored due to position or state.
Kinetic Energy
Kinetic Energy
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Thermal Energy
Thermal Energy
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Thermal Conductor
Thermal Conductor
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Thermal Insulator
Thermal Insulator
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Matter
Matter
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Troposphere
Troposphere
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Climate
Climate
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Study Notes
- Energy is the ability to do work.
- The law of conservation of energy: energy can't be created or destroyed, only transferred between different forms and objects.
- Potential energy is energy stored because of its position or state.
- Kinetic energy is the energy of movement.
- Chemical energy is stored in the bonds that hold atoms and molecules together.
- Mechanical energy is the potential plus kinetic energy of an object.
- Thermal energy is the potential plus kinetic energy of the atoms that make up the object.
- Temperature measures the average kinetic energy of the atoms that make up a material.
- Heat is the movement of thermal energy from a warmer object to a cooler object.
- Thermal energy is transferred by radiation, conduction, and convection.
- Radiation: transfer of thermal energy by electromagnetic waves.
- Conduction: transfer of thermal energy between materials by the collisions of particles.
- Convection: the movement of particles from one part of a material to another.
- A thermal conductor is a material through which thermal energy flows easily.
- A thermal insulator is a material through which thermal energy doesn't flow easily.
- Thermal contraction is a decrease in a material's volume when its temperature decreases.
- Thermal expansion is an increase in a material's volume when its temperature increases.
- Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.
- As particle motion slows, particles move closer and attractive forces become stronger.
- As particle motion increases, particles move farther apart and attractive forces become weaker.
- Solid matter has a definite shape and volume, and particles vibrate in place.
- Liquid matter has a definite volume but no definite shape, and particles slip past each other.
- Gas matter has no definite volume or shape, and particles have fast, random motion.
- An object's state of matter can be changed by adding or removing thermal energy.
- The atmospheric layer closest to Earth's surface is the troposphere, and all weather happens there.
- In the troposphere, temperature decreases as altitude increases.
- The ozone layer is the area of the stratosphere with a high concentration of ozone.
- Weather is the atmospheric conditions and short-term changes at a certain place and time.
- Weather variables describe weather, including air temperature, air pressure, wind speed and direction, humidity, dew point, cloud cover, and precipitation.
- Tools that measure weather variables include thermometers, barometers, anemometers, hygrometers, and radar.
- Tropical air masses form in the warm equatorial regions, with Maritime Tropical over water and Continental Tropical over land.
- Polar air masses form over cold regions, with Maritime Polar over water and Continental Polar over land.
- Thunderstorms are most common at cold fronts.
- A tropical cyclone/hurricane is a tropical storm with winds exceeding 119 km/h.
- A radiosonde is an instrument that contains a thermometer, barometer, anemometer, and radio transmitter.
- Climate is the long-term average weather conditions in a particular region.
- A rain shadow is an area of low rainfall on the downwind slope of a mountain range.
- An urban heat island is one form of microclimate.
- Bangkok is an example of a city microclimate.
- Many forests are microclimates, where temperatures are lower than the surrounding area.
- Khao Yai has a forest microclimate.
- Climate is shaped by latitude, altitude, mountains, and water.
- Global warming causes glaciers and ice sheets to melt, causing sea levels to rise.
- Higher temperatures lead to more evaporation over the oceans, putting more water vapor in the atmosphere.
- Higher temperatures cause severe weather events to become more common and more severe.
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