Questions and Answers
What is the kinetic energy of an object equal to?
The gravitational potential energy of an object is equal to its weight multiplied by its __.
height
Energy is the ability to do work or cause __.
change
Energy and work are measured in __.
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When you do work on an object, some of your energy is __ to that object.
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Power is the rate at which energy is __.
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Potential energy results from the __ or position of an object.
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A stretched rubber band has __ energy.
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A change in an object's speed has a __ effect on its kinetic energy than a change in its mass.
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A mountain climber at the peak has __ energy.
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How are work and energy related?
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How is power related to energy?
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What are the two basic kinds of energy?
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What is the kinetic energy of a girl who weighs 30 kg and is inline skating at a speed of 5 m/s?
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How much gravitational potential energy does a hat that weighs 5 newtons hanging from a hook 1.5 meters above the floor have?
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Potential energy related to an object's height is called __.
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The ability to do work or cause change is called __.
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The energy associated with objects that can be compressed or stretched is called __.
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The energy an object has due to its motion is known as __.
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Energy that results from an object's position or shape is called __.
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To find an object's mechanical energy, you add its __.
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A form of energy NOT associated with the particles of objects is __.
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Nuclear fusion reactions occur in __.
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The total potential and kinetic energy of the particles of an object is the object's __.
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Mechanical energy is associated with the motion, position, or __ of an object.
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Electromagnetic energy travels through space in the form of __.
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Lightning is a form of __ energy.
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The __ the temperature of an object, the lower its thermal energy.
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Electrical energy is the energy of __.
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How can you determine an object's mechanical energy?
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Name two forms of energy associated with the particles that make up objects.
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All forms of energy can be __ into other forms of energy.
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A change from one form of energy to another is called an __.
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When you use a match to light a candle, multiple __ of energy occur.
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The law of __ of energy tells how much energy is present after electromagnetic energy changes to sound.
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Whenever a moving object experiences friction, some of its kinetic energy is changed into __ energy.
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Your body changes chemical energy into __ energy when you walk upstairs.
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Fusion reactions in the sun change nuclear energy into __.
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In a pendulum, a continuous change occurs between kinetic energy and __.
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A baseball in play has its lowest gravitational potential energy __.
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Energy can be neither destroyed nor created.
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An energy transformation is occurring only at point 3.
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In this example, the law of conservation of energy says that the ball never loses kinetic energy.
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As the ball rises from point 1 to point 3, it slows down.
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The ball has the most potential energy at point 3.
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The ball has the most kinetic energy as it leaves point 2.
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What is an energy transformation?
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What is the law of conservation of energy?
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Study Notes
Kinetic and Potential Energy
- Kinetic energy is calculated using the formula: 1/2 * mass * speed².
- Gravitational potential energy is determined by multiplying an object's weight by its height.
- Elastic potential energy is found in stretched or compressed objects like rubber bands.
Energy Fundamentals
- Energy is defined as the ability to do work or cause change.
- Energy and work are both measured in joules.
- When work is done on an object, energy is transferred to that object.
Power and Energy Transfer
- Power refers to the rate at which energy is transferred over time.
- A change in speed affects an object's kinetic energy more significantly than a change in mass.
Types of Energy
- The two main forms of energy are kinetic energy (due to motion) and potential energy (due to position or shape).
- The combination of kinetic and potential energy provides an object's mechanical energy.
Mechanical and Thermal Energy
- Mechanical energy involves the motion, position, or shape of an object and does not include particle-associated energy.
- Thermal energy represents the total potential and kinetic energy of the particles in an object.
Electromagnetic and Electrical Energy
- Electromagnetic energy travels through space in waves, with lightning being a form of electrical energy.
- Electrical energy is associated with electric charges and their movement.
Energy Conservation and Transformation
- Energy cannot be created or destroyed, consistent with the law of conservation of energy.
- An energy transformation refers to the process of changing from one form of energy to another.
- Various types of energy transformations occur in everyday scenarios, such as lighting a candle with a match.
Potential Energy in Action
- A mountain climber at a peak possesses gravitational potential energy.
- Gravitational potential energy varies with height; for example, an object hanging at a certain height has potential energy based on its weight and elevation.
Practical Examples
- A girl weighing 30 kg skating at 5 m/s has a kinetic energy of 375 joules.
- A hat weighing 5 newtons positioned 1.5 meters above the floor has a gravitational potential energy of 7.5 joules.
Energy in Motion
- Energy transformations occur continuously in scenarios like a pendulum, where kinetic and potential energy interchange.
- Friction converts some kinetic energy of moving objects into thermal energy.
Energy Relationships
- Work and energy are interconnected; work is essentially energy transfer.
- Power quantifies energy transfer over a unit of time, emphasizing efficiency in energy use.
Studying That Suits You
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Description
Test your knowledge of energy concepts with these flashcards. Each card presents a fundamental idea related to kinetic and potential energy, as well as the measurement of energy. Perfect for students looking to enhance their understanding of energy in physics.
