Energy Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is the kinetic energy of an object equal to?

  • One half its mass multiplied by its height
  • One half its mass multiplied by its speed (correct)
  • Its weight multiplied by its speed
  • Its total mass multiplied by its speed squared

    • The gravitational potential energy of an object is equal to its weight multiplied by its __.

    height

    Energy is the ability to do work or cause __.

    change

    Energy and work are measured in __.

    <p>joules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When you do work on an object, some of your energy is __ to that object.

    <p>transferred</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Power is the rate at which energy is __.

    <p>transferred</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Potential energy results from the __ or position of an object.

    <p>shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A stretched rubber band has __ energy.

    <p>elastic potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A change in an object's speed has a __ effect on its kinetic energy than a change in its mass.

    <p>greater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A mountain climber at the peak has __ energy.

    <p>gravitational potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are work and energy related?

    <p>Work is the transfer of energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is power related to energy?

    <p>Power is the rate at which energy is transferred, or the amount of energy transferred in a unit of time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two basic kinds of energy?

    <p>The two basic types of energy are kinetic energy and potential energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the kinetic energy of a girl who weighs 30 kg and is inline skating at a speed of 5 m/s?

    <p>The kinetic energy is 375 joules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much gravitational potential energy does a hat that weighs 5 newtons hanging from a hook 1.5 meters above the floor have?

    <p>The hat has 7.5 joules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Potential energy related to an object's height is called __.

    <p>gravitational potential energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ability to do work or cause change is called __.

    <p>energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The energy associated with objects that can be compressed or stretched is called __.

    <p>elastic potential energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The energy an object has due to its motion is known as __.

    <p>kinetic energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Energy that results from an object's position or shape is called __.

    <p>potential energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To find an object's mechanical energy, you add its __.

    <p>kinetic and potential energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A form of energy NOT associated with the particles of objects is __.

    <p>mechanical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Nuclear fusion reactions occur in __.

    <p>the sun</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The total potential and kinetic energy of the particles of an object is the object's __.

    <p>thermal energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mechanical energy is associated with the motion, position, or __ of an object.

    <p>shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Electromagnetic energy travels through space in the form of __.

    <p>waves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Lightning is a form of __ energy.

    <p>electrical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __ the temperature of an object, the lower its thermal energy.

    <p>lower</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Electrical energy is the energy of __.

    <p>electric charges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can you determine an object's mechanical energy?

    <p>You can find an object's mechanical energy by adding together the object's kinetic and potential energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name two forms of energy associated with the particles that make up objects.

    <p>Nuclear energy and electromagnetic energy are two forms of energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All forms of energy can be __ into other forms of energy.

    <p>transferred</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A change from one form of energy to another is called an __.

    <p>energy transformation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When you use a match to light a candle, multiple __ of energy occur.

    <p>transformations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The law of __ of energy tells how much energy is present after electromagnetic energy changes to sound.

    <p>conservation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Whenever a moving object experiences friction, some of its kinetic energy is changed into __ energy.

    <p>thermal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Your body changes chemical energy into __ energy when you walk upstairs.

    <p>mechanical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fusion reactions in the sun change nuclear energy into __.

    <p>electromagnetic energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a pendulum, a continuous change occurs between kinetic energy and __.

    <p>potential energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A baseball in play has its lowest gravitational potential energy __.

    <p>after it hits the ground</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Energy can be neither destroyed nor created.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An energy transformation is occurring only at point 3.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In this example, the law of conservation of energy says that the ball never loses kinetic energy.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    As the ball rises from point 1 to point 3, it slows down.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ball has the most potential energy at point 3.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ball has the most kinetic energy as it leaves point 2.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an energy transformation?

    <p>A change from one form of energy to another; also called an energy conversion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the law of conservation of energy?

    <p>The rule that energy cannot be created or destroyed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Kinetic and Potential Energy

    • Kinetic energy is calculated using the formula: 1/2 * mass * speed².
    • Gravitational potential energy is determined by multiplying an object's weight by its height.
    • Elastic potential energy is found in stretched or compressed objects like rubber bands.

    Energy Fundamentals

    • Energy is defined as the ability to do work or cause change.
    • Energy and work are both measured in joules.
    • When work is done on an object, energy is transferred to that object.

    Power and Energy Transfer

    • Power refers to the rate at which energy is transferred over time.
    • A change in speed affects an object's kinetic energy more significantly than a change in mass.

    Types of Energy

    • The two main forms of energy are kinetic energy (due to motion) and potential energy (due to position or shape).
    • The combination of kinetic and potential energy provides an object's mechanical energy.

    Mechanical and Thermal Energy

    • Mechanical energy involves the motion, position, or shape of an object and does not include particle-associated energy.
    • Thermal energy represents the total potential and kinetic energy of the particles in an object.

    Electromagnetic and Electrical Energy

    • Electromagnetic energy travels through space in waves, with lightning being a form of electrical energy.
    • Electrical energy is associated with electric charges and their movement.

    Energy Conservation and Transformation

    • Energy cannot be created or destroyed, consistent with the law of conservation of energy.
    • An energy transformation refers to the process of changing from one form of energy to another.
    • Various types of energy transformations occur in everyday scenarios, such as lighting a candle with a match.

    Potential Energy in Action

    • A mountain climber at a peak possesses gravitational potential energy.
    • Gravitational potential energy varies with height; for example, an object hanging at a certain height has potential energy based on its weight and elevation.

    Practical Examples

    • A girl weighing 30 kg skating at 5 m/s has a kinetic energy of 375 joules.
    • A hat weighing 5 newtons positioned 1.5 meters above the floor has a gravitational potential energy of 7.5 joules.

    Energy in Motion

    • Energy transformations occur continuously in scenarios like a pendulum, where kinetic and potential energy interchange.
    • Friction converts some kinetic energy of moving objects into thermal energy.

    Energy Relationships

    • Work and energy are interconnected; work is essentially energy transfer.
    • Power quantifies energy transfer over a unit of time, emphasizing efficiency in energy use.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of energy concepts with these flashcards. Each card presents a fundamental idea related to kinetic and potential energy, as well as the measurement of energy. Perfect for students looking to enhance their understanding of energy in physics.

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