Questions and Answers
What is the physical quantity that is transferred when a force is applied and gets converted into kinetic energy of an object?
Energy
Which type of energy is associated with the position of an object in a gravitational field?
Gravitational potential energy
What is the unit of power?
Watts (W)
What is the physical quantity that is equal to mass multiplied by velocity?
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What is the term used to describe a change in momentum?
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Which fundamental principle states that energy can be converted from one form to another, but can never be created or destroyed?
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What is the physical quantity that remains constant in a system if no external forces act on it?
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What is the term used to describe the ability to do work to move an object?
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What five quantities are used to describe the motion of an object with constant acceleration?
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How do you find the total distance travelled from a velocity-time graph?
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What relationship exists between the time taken to accelerate and decelerate from rest?
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Describe how velocity-time graphs can be used to infer acceleration.
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Why is it beneficial to split the area under a velocity-time graph into simpler shapes?
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What does it indicate about an object's motion when the area under a velocity-time graph is zero?
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Study Notes
Energy
- Energy is the ability to do work to move an object, measured in Joules (J).
- Energy can be realised in many forms, including kinetic energy and gravitational potential energy.
- Kinetic energy is the energy an object has due to its velocity.
- Gravitational potential energy is the type of energy an object has due to its position in a gravitational field.
Work
- Work gets done when a force is applied and energy is transferred.
- Work is equal to a constant force multiplied by displacement.
- Work can also be written as an integral if the force is changing.
Power
- Power is the rate at which work is done, measured in Watts (W).
- Power can be calculated by replacing work done with force and displacement.
Momentum
- Momentum is ‘mass in motion’.
- Momentum is equal to mass × velocity and is measured in kg m/s.
- Any moving object has momentum.
Impulse and Momentum
- Impulse is a change in momentum.
Conserved Quantities
- There are two fundamental principles: conservation of energy and conservation of momentum.
- Conservation of energy states that energy can be converted from one form to another, but can never be created or destroyed.
- Conservation of momentum states that the total momentum of a system is constant if no external forces from outside the system act.
Equations of Motion
- Five important quantities describe an object's motion with constant acceleration: displacement (s), initial velocity (u), final velocity (v), acceleration (a), and time taken (t).
- Four equations in the formula book link these quantities together.
Velocity-Time Graphs
- Velocity-time graphs display information about an object's changing speed over time.
- They can show velocity, acceleration, and distance travelled.
- The area underneath a v-t graph represents the total distance travelled.
- To find the area, split the shape into triangles and trapezoids.
Acceleration and Deceleration
- If an object accelerates from rest in time t1 and decelerates back to rest in time t2, the ratio of the accelerations is equal to the ratio of the times.
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Description
This quiz covers the concepts of energy, its various forms and work. Learn about kinetic energy, gravitational potential energy and how work gets done when a force is applied.
