Endosymbiotic Theory in Biology

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Questions and Answers

What is the most common shape of prokaryotic cells?

  • Pyramids
  • Cubes
  • Spheres (correct)
  • Cylinders

What is the important component found in bacterial cell walls?

  • Chitin
  • Lipids
  • Peptidoglycan (correct)
  • Cellulose

How do scientists classify many bacterial species based on cell wall composition?

  • Gram Stain (correct)
  • Alcohol Stain
  • Basic Stain
  • Acid Stain

What structure in prokaryotes allows them to stick to their substrate or other individuals in a colony?

<p>Fimbriae (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main mechanism used by motile bacteria to propel themselves?

<p>Flagella (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ability of bacteria to move toward or away from certain stimuli called?

<p>Taxis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Agrobacterium in genetic engineering?

<p>Assisting in the introduction of foreign genes into plants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterium causes blindness and nongonococcal urethritis through sexual transmission?

<p>Chlamydia trachomatis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ecological relationship where two different species live in close contact and both benefit?

<p>Mutualism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following bacteria are known for causing anthrax?

<p>Bacillus anthracis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of Gram-Positive Bacteria known as Actinomycetes?

<p>Decomposing soil (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do pathogenic prokaryotes primarily cause disease?

<p>By releasing exotoxins or endotoxins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main process involved in the origin of engulfment chloroplast in eukaryotes?

<p>Endosymbiosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which evolutionary novelties were adaptations of land plants for transitioning from an aquatic environment to living on land?

<p>Outer cuticle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formal name for land plants or embryophytes?

<p>Embryophyta (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process resulted in the condition of two species living together in close contact?

<p>Symbiosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the fixation of CO2 by plants on Earth?

<p>Establishment of an ozone layer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are land plants considered a natural, monophyletic group while photosynthetic eukaryotes as a whole are unnatural, paraphyletic group?

<p>Due to their adaptation to living on land (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of protists are known for having cell walls made of hydrated silica?

<p>Diatoms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Euglenozoa as a clade?

<p>Flagella with a crystalline rod inside (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of protists include colonial freshwater chlorophytes?

<p>Volvox (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main nutritional characteristic of Amoeba?

<p>Absorb organic molecules or ingest large food particles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of protists are intestinal parasites with cell walls that are glass-like?

<p>Diplomonads (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do Diatoms compose much of, making them a major component of sediments?

<p>Tests (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the assignment of features or attributes to a taxon?

<p>Characters (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for two or more forms of a character?

<p>Character states (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of key is the most common and consists of a series of two contrasting statements?

<p>Dichotomous key (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the formal naming of taxa according to a standardized system?

<p>Binomial nomenclature (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In taxonomy, which term describes the arrangement of entities (taxa) into some type of order?

<p>Classification (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'monophyly' ideally refer to in defining or delimited groups of organisms?

<p>Inclusive nature (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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