Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which compartments are part of the endomembrane system?
Which compartments are part of the endomembrane system?
Which two compartments are distinct with respect to structure and function?
Which two compartments are distinct with respect to structure and function?
Where are newly made secreted and membrane proteins first inserted?
Where are newly made secreted and membrane proteins first inserted?
What guides the ribosome and mRNA to the ER membrane?
What guides the ribosome and mRNA to the ER membrane?
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What facilitates the transport of a protein across the membrane?
What facilitates the transport of a protein across the membrane?
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Study Notes
Endomembrane System
- The endomembrane system includes:
- Nuclear envelope
- Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
- Golgi apparatus
- Lysosomes
- Vacuoles
- Transport vesicles
Distinct Compartments
- The two distinct compartments with respect to structure and function are the:
- Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)
- Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)
- RER has ribosomes attached to its cytosolic side, whereas SER lacks ribosomes.
- These differences lead to distinct functions:
- RER: protein synthesis and modification, the main site for the synthesis of transmembrane and secreted proteins
- SER: synthesis of lipids, steroids, and detoxification of drugs.
Protein Insertion
- Newly made secreted and membrane proteins are first inserted into the ER lumen.
Ribosome and mRNA Guidance
- A signal sequence is a short sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide.
- The signal sequence guides the ribosome and mRNA to the ER membrane.
- The signal sequence is recognized by a signal recognition particle (SRP).
- The SRP escorts the ribosome to a receptor protein on the ER membrane.
Protein Transport
- A protein translocator facilitates the transport of a protein across the membrane.
- The signal sequence is cleaved off by a signal peptidase once the polypeptide is fully translocated.
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Description
Test your knowledge of the endomembrane system with this quiz on ABIO 301 Lecture 10. Explore topics such as SER & RER, protein sorting & signal peptides, translocation into the ER, and insertion of integral membrane proteins. Sharpen your understanding of this important biological process.
