18 Questions
According to the passage, which of the following is a key characteristic of models of endogenous growth?
The growth rate depends on the saving rate and the rate of spending on education, even in the long run.
What is the relationship between the level of human capital and the rate of technological progress, according to the passage?
A higher level of human capital can lead to a higher rate of technological progress.
According to the passage, which of the following is true about the effect of increasing the saving rate or the fraction of output spent on education and training?
It will lead to much higher levels of output per worker in the long run.
Which of the following best describes the current consensus on models of endogenous growth, according to the passage?
The conclusions from the previous model need to be qualified, but not abandoned.
What does the passage mean by 'steady-state growth'?
Growth that occurs without any technological progress.
Which of the following best describes the relationship between the growth rate and the rate of technological progress, according to the passage?
The growth rate does not depend on the rate of technological progress.
Which of the following statements is true regarding the long-run growth rate?
It is independent of the saving rate, but affected by technological progress.
What is the effect of an increase in the saving rate on the level of output per worker?
It leads to a temporary increase in output per worker until a new higher path is reached.
In the context of the economic growth model described in the text, what does the slope of the line representing an economy's path on a logarithmic scale indicate?
The growth rate of output per worker.
What happens to the growth rate of output per worker after an economy reaches its new higher path following an increase in the saving rate?
It becomes the same as the initial growth rate.
In the context of the economic growth model described in the text, what does public saving refer to?
The budget surplus of the government.
How can governments affect the saving rate?
By varying public saving (budget surplus or deficit).
Which of the following factors does output per worker depend on?
Both physical and human capital in the economy
How can countries achieve higher steady-state levels of output per worker, according to the text?
By increasing their saving rate or spending more on education
What did the conclusion in the text NOT say about saving or spending more on education?
It did not say that it can sustain permanently higher growth of output per worker
What have researchers explored following the lead of Robert Lucas and Paul Romer?
The possibility that the joint accumulation of physical and human capital can sustain economic growth
What happens when there are increases in physical capital alone or increases in human capital alone?
They will run into decreasing returns
What question have researchers asked, according to the text, regarding the joint accumulation of physical and human capital?
Can an economy grow forever just by steadily having more capital and more skilled workers?
Study Notes
Endogenous Growth Models
- Models that generate steady growth without technological progress are called endogenous growth models.
- These models contrast with others where growth rate depends on variables like saving rate and education spending.
Output per Worker
- Output per worker depends on physical capital per worker and human capital per worker.
- Both forms of capital can be accumulated through physical investment and education/training.
- Increasing saving rate or education spending can lead to higher output per worker in the long run.
Technological Progress
- The relationship between human capital and technological progress is unclear.
- Can a better-educated labor force lead to a higher rate of technological progress?
The Long Run
- The long-run growth rate is independent of the saving rate.
- The saving rate affects the level of output per worker, not the growth rate.
- An increase in the saving rate leads to growth above steady-state growth for a time.
The Role of Government
- Governments can affect the saving rate by varying public saving.
- Public saving is equivalent to a budget surplus, while public dissaving is equivalent to a budget deficit.
Endogenous Growth Theories
- Researchers like Robert Lucas and Paul Romer have explored the possibility that joint accumulation of physical and human capital can sustain growth.
- Increases in physical capital will run into decreasing returns, and increases in human capital will also run into decreasing returns.
- However, if both physical and human capital increase in tandem, can an economy grow forever?
Test your knowledge on models of endogenous growth in economics, which generate steady growth without technological progress. Explore how variables such as saving rate and education spending influence the growth rate in the long run. Understand the current consensus on endogenous growth models.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
