Endodontics Overview and Treatment Phases

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Questions and Answers

What is the scope of endodontics?

Endodontics is the art and science of prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of pulp and periradicular diseases.

What are the objectives of endodontic treatment?

Endodontic treatment aims to render the affected tooth biologically acceptable, symptom-free, and functioning without any diagnosable pathosis.

What are the three basic steps of endodontic treatment?

Preparatory phase (correct)
Diagnostic phase (correct)
Cleaning phase
Obturation phase (correct)

What is the primary goal of the Diagnostic phase?

The diagnostic phase identifies the cause of the disease and develops a treatment plan. Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of the Preparatory phase?

The preparatory phase involves removing the contents of the pulp chamber and root canals, as well as shaping the root canal space to accommodate a three-dimensional filling. Signup and view all the answers

What happens during the Obturation phase?

The obturation phase involves filling the root canal system with an inert material (filling) Signup and view all the answers

What are some indications for endodontic therapy?

Endodontic therapy is usually successful in teeth suffering from pulpal or periradicular pathosis and other cases like teeth requiring post and core, traumatic pulp exposure, internal resorption, overerupted and mesially drifted teeth where crown reduction may cause pulp exposure, teeth retained in the mouth to support overdenture, and cases requiring esthetic harmony. Signup and view all the answers

What are some contraindications for endodontic therapy?

Conditions such as insufficient periodontal support, vertical root fractures, extensive internal or external resorptions, non-restorable teeth, calcified root canals that cannot be instrumented properly, and systemic diseases contraindicating surgical endodontics are some contraindications for endodontic therapy. Signup and view all the answers

Why is knowledge of tooth morphology important in endodontics?

A thorough understanding of tooth morphology is crucial to properly interpret radiographs, provide adequate access for treatment, and successfully perform endodontic procedures. Signup and view all the answers

What is the pulp space, and what does it consist of?

The pulp space is the entire internal space containing the pulp, consisting of the coronal pulp and radicular pulp. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between coronal pulp and radicular pulp?

Coronal pulp refers to the part of the pulp cavity within the crown of the tooth, while radicular pulp refers to the pulp located within the root of the tooth. Signup and view all the answers

What are the different parts of the pulp chamber?

The pulp chamber is composed of the roof, floor, and walls, and it can have pulp horns, which are extensions of the pulp chamber that extend toward the cusps of the tooth. Signup and view all the answers

The apical constriction is the widest part of the root canal.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the apical foramen, and how does it contribute to tooth structure?

The apical foramen is the opening at the end of the root canal. It allows the neurovascular bundle, which supplies the tooth with nerves and blood vessels, to enter. Signup and view all the answers

What are lateral canals, and how are they positioned?

Lateral canals are small channels extending from the main root canal to the outer surface of the root. They are located at right angles to the main canal. Signup and view all the answers

What is the root canal orifice, and where is it located?

The root canal orifice is the opening in the floor of the pulp chamber that leads to the root canal. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of root canal?

Type IV (C) Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes Type I root canals?

Type I root canals are mature and have an apical constriction. Signup and view all the answers

What are the different subcategories of Type II root canals?

Type II root canals are mature but not straight, and they can be classified as slightly curved, severely curved, dilacerated, or bayonet shaped. Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Type III root canals?

Type III root canals have immature root canals, often appearing tubular or resembling blunderbusses. Signup and view all the answers

What are the five points that should be fulfilled to describe the pulp space?

To describe the pulp space, five key aspects should be considered: clinical view, proximal view, cross section view, root canal configuration, and outline form of the access cavity. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a cross-section shape of the pulp chamber?

Square (A) Signup and view all the answers

Match the following teeth to their respective outline form of the access cavity

Maxillary central incisor = triangular with base incisally and apex cervically Maxillary lateral incisor = Triangular in shape with the base incisally and the apex cervically Maxillary canine = oval in shape in a labio-lingual direction Mandibular incisors = Triangular with base incisally and apex cervically Mandibular canine = Oval in shape in the labio-lingual direction Maxillary first premolar = Oval in shape in the Bucco-lingual direction Maxillary second premolar = Oval in Bucco-lingual direction Mandibular first premolar = Ovoid in Bucco-lingual direction Mandibular second premolar = Oval in Bucco-lingual direction Maxillary first molar = trapezoidal in shape. In case of three canals triangular in shape with base buccally and apex palatal Maxillary second molar = trapezoidal in case of four root canals, triangular with base buccal and apex palatal in case of three root canals, or ovoid in case of two canals. Mandibular first molar = Triangular in case of three root canals or trapezoidal in case of four root canals. Mandibular second molar = C-shaped cross section Signup and view all the answers

What are the two steps involved in endodontic cavity preparation?

Endodontic cavity preparation involves two main steps: coronal cavity preparation (access cavity) and radicular cavity preparation. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to establish a straight line access in endodontic cavity preparation?

A straight line access allows for unimpeded instrumentation from the occlusal surface to the apex, making it easier to reach the apex, and thus ensuring the efficient cleaning and filling of the root canal. Signup and view all the answers

What are the benefits of convenience form modifications in endodontic cavity preparation?

Convenience form modifications provide several benefits including unobstructed access to canal orifices, direct access to the apical foramen, extension to accommodate filling techniques, and complete authority over the enlarging instrument. Signup and view all the answers

How is the outline form of the endodontic cavity affected by the size of the pulp chamber?

The outline form of the endodontic access cavity is influenced by the size of the pulp chamber. In younger patients, the preparation may cover a larger area due to the larger pulp chamber, while in older patients, the preparation is smaller due to pulp recession, and cavity size is adjusted accordingly. Signup and view all the answers

How does the shape of the pulp chamber influence the final outline form of the access cavity?

The final outline form of the access cavity mirrors the shape of the pulp chamber. For instance, in molar teeth, the triangular shape of the pulp chamber typically dictates the outline of the access cavity, ensuring proper access for instrumentation and filling. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential to remove caries and defective restorations during endodontic cavity preparation?

Removing caries and defective restorations is crucial to minimize bacterial contamination, prevent potential staining of the tooth, and ensure a clean and secure environment for proper treatment. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of the toilet of the cavity in endodontic cavity preparation?

The toilet of the cavity aims to thoroughly cleanse the chamber, removing debris, necrotic material, and bacteria to create a sterile environment for preparing and filling the root canal. Signup and view all the answers

What are the advantages of performing the toilet of the cavity in endodontic cavity preparation?

The toilet of the cavity offers several advantages including; improved visibility, better access to the canal, reduced bleeding, lubrication, and a reduced risk of infection. Signup and view all the answers

How is the access cavity prepared in anterior teeth?

The access cavity in anterior teeth is gained through the lingual surface of the tooth. It is prepared with a round-point tapering fissure bur, and using a combination of contra-angle and slow-speed instruments, the pulp chamber is accessed, and the cavity is shaped accordingly. Signup and view all the answers

What are some common errors in access cavity preparation in anterior teeth?

Common errors in access cavity preparation in anterior teeth include perforation, gouging, and pear-shaped transportation of the apical canal. These errors can result due to an incorrect understanding of the tooth's anatomy, and the use of inappropriate techniques or instrumentation. Signup and view all the answers

How is the access cavity prepared in premolar teeth?

The access cavity in premolar teeth is made through the occlusal surface. It is prepared using a round bur, with a systematic approach to open the pulp chamber, locate the canals, and shape the cavity. Signup and view all the answers

What are some common errors in access cavity preparation in premolar teeth?

Common errors in access cavity preparation in premolars include under-extension, over-extension, perforation, faulty instrument alignment, broken instruments, missing canals, and ledge formation. Signup and view all the answers

What are the key differences in access cavity preparation in maxillary and mandibular molars?

The access cavity preparation is similar for both maxillary and mandibular molars. However, some key differences exist: The initial penetration is made in the central pit for mandibular molars, while the mesiobuccal orifice is located under the tip of the mesiobuccal cusp for mandibular molars. The outline form is triangular with a mesial base for mandibular molars, while for maxillary molars, it is trapezoidal with a buccal base. Signup and view all the answers

What are some of the common errors in access cavity preparation in mandibular molars?

Errors in access cavity preparation in mandibular molars include over-extension, perforation, faulty alignment, disoriented outline, missed canals, ledge formation, and perforation of the curved distal root. Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is endodontics?

The branch of dentistry that deals with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases affecting the dental pulp and periradicular tissues.

What is the goal of endodontic treatment?

A biologically acceptable, symptom-free tooth that functions without any pathosis.

What is the diagnostic phase in endodontic treatment?

The phase of endodontic treatment where the cause of the disease is diagnosed and a treatment plan is formulated.

What is the preparatory phase in endodontic treatment?

The phase of endodontic treatment where the pulp chamber and root canals are cleaned and shaped to prepare for filling.