Endocrinology: Ovulation and Menstrual Cycle Phases
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Questions and Answers

During which phase of the menstrual cycle does ovulation occur?

  • Menses
  • Follicular phase
  • Haemorrhagic phase
  • Luteal phase (correct)
  • Which hormone is primarily responsible for the maturation of the dominant vesicular follicle?

  • Progesterone
  • Luteinizing Hormone (LH) (correct)
  • Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
  • Inhibin
  • What is the main function of progesterone during the menstrual cycle?

  • Endometrial proliferation
  • Decreased myometrial contractility (correct)
  • Genital development and lubrication
  • Body fat distribution
  • In which phase of the menstrual cycle does the corpus luteum begin to regress?

    <p>Luteal phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for endometrial secretory changes in preparation for potential embryo implantation?

    <p>Progesterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most useful 'test' of ovarian function in pre-menopausal women?

    <p>Careful menstrual history</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can ovulation be confirmed during the menstrual cycle?

    <p>Measuring plasma progesterone levels during the luteal phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to LH and FSH levels in the 5 years leading up to menopause?

    <p>They typically rise above 30 IU/L (3.3 µg/L)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the period of time with a gradual increase in anovulatory cycles before menopause?

    <p>Climacteric</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to oestrogen and inhibin secretion as menopause approaches?

    <p>They fall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone stimulates growth and development of ovarian follicles during the first 14 days after menses?

    <p>Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone induces ovulation in the middle of the menstrual cycle?

    <p>Luteinising hormone (LH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone initially suppresses FSH secretion due to negative feedback during the menstrual cycle?

    <p>Oestradiol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What leads to a marked increase in LH secretion due to positive feedback during the menstrual cycle?

    <p>Oestradiol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone does the corpus luteum secrete after ovulation?

    <p>Progesterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What results in menstrual bleeding if pregnancy does not occur during the menstrual cycle?

    <p>Decrease in oestradiol levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

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