Endocrine System: Steroid Hormones Quiz

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

What are steroid hormones primarily derived from?

Glucose

Amino acids

Fatty acids

Cholesterol (correct)

Which type of hormone action involves the hormone acting on the same cell that produced it?

Exocrine action

Endocrine action

Paracrine action

Autocrine action (correct)

Which of the following best describes the property of steroid hormones?

They are large and hydrophilic.

They are lipophilic and low-molecular weight. (correct)

They are high in molecular weight and charged.

They require transport proteins for action.

Which endocrine glands are primarily responsible for producing steroid hormones?

Gonads and adrenal glands Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason hormones are quickly degraded?

They have a specific half-life and are metabolized rapidly. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of binding proteins in relation to hormones?

To enable transportation and protect them from degradation. Signup and view all the answers

In which cellular structures are steroid hormones synthesized?

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hormone action involves the hormone traveling through the bloodstream to distant target cells?

Endocrine action Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of aldosterone in the human body?

Increases blood pressure and fluid volume Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is produced directly from cholesterol?

Pregnenolone Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of stereoisomerism in steroid hormones?

It is important for biological activity and steroid-protein interactions Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes cortisol from other steroid hormones in humans?

It is the dominant glucocorticoid Signup and view all the answers

What process can cholesterol undergo in the liver?

It can become bile acid Signup and view all the answers

What condition is characterized by excessive cortisol production?

Cushing's syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory protein (STAR)?

Transport cholesterol into mitochondria Signup and view all the answers

Which cytochrome P450 enzymes are associated with mitochondrial membranes?

CYP11A, CYP11B1, CYP11B2 Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the Cholesterol side chain during the first enzymatic conversion in steroidogenesis?

It is converted to pregnenolone Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of a mutation in the mechanism of cholesterol transport by STAR?

Congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of steroid hormones allows them to cross plasma membranes?

They are lipophilic Signup and view all the answers

Which class of hormones acts locally by diffusing to nearby target cells?

Prostaglandins Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of hormones in the body?

Regulating physiological functions Signup and view all the answers

What is a common feature of hormone degradation in the bloodstream?

It is rapid and often involves binding proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is the precursor molecule for all steroid hormones?

Cholesterol Signup and view all the answers

During pregnancy, which unit is responsible for producing steroid hormones?

Feto-placental unit Signup and view all the answers

What defines the endocrine action of hormones?

They are distributed through the bloodstream to distant target cells Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a major functional type of hormone action?

Neurocrine Signup and view all the answers