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Questions and Answers
Which hormone stimulates the development of mammary glands and milk production in females?
What hormone triggers milk ejection and plays a role in sexual arousal and satisfaction?
Which hormone decreases the amount of water lost in urine and elevates blood pressure?
What is the major energy source for the body?
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What is the formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate precursors called?
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Which hormone promotes the breakdown of glycogen into glucose?
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What gland regulates metabolism and contains four parathyroid glands?
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Which hormone is released from the adrenal cortex in response to reduced plasma volume, leading to increased reabsorption of Na+ and H2O by the kidneys?
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Which hormone is released from the posterior pituitary in response to dehydration, leading to reabsorption of water by the kidneys?
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Which hormone activates lipase, leading to the breakdown of triglycerides into free fatty acids?
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Which phase of General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) is characterized by immediate fight or flight response, and is dominated by glucocorticoids?
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Which phase of General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) is characterized by the breakdown of homeostatic regulation and failure of one or more organ systems?
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Which of the following hormones is NOT released when low plasma glucose levels occur?
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What happens to GLUT receptors after four weeks of exercise?
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Which of the following hormones does NOT enhance insulin's binding to receptors?
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What is released from the hypothalamus in response to dehydration, leading to the reabsorption of water by the kidneys?
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Which gland is stimulated by the release of PTH from the anterior pituitary?
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Which hormone is released from the hypothalamus to stimulate the release of glucocorticoids from the adrenal gland?
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Which division of the adenohypophysis is the largest?
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Which hormone is released from the hypothalamus to stimulate the release of thyroid hormones from the thyroid gland?
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Which hormone stimulates gamete production in both males and females?
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Which hormone causes ovulation and progestin production in females?
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Which hormone stimulates cell growth and replication?
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Which of the following is NOT a function of the endocrine system?
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What is the difference between paracrine communication and hormonal communication?
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What happens during up-regulation?
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What is the difference between tropic hormones and trophic hormones?
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What is stress in the context of the endocrine system?
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Which gland is responsible for producing insulin and glucagon?
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Which gland releases nine important peptide hormones?
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Study Notes
The Endocrine System: Key Facts and Functions
- The endocrine system includes all cells and tissues that produce hormones or paracrine factors.
- It functions to maintain an optimal biochemical environment within the body, influence metabolic activities, regulate growth and development, and control sexual reproduction.
- Paracrine communication involves chemical messengers between cells within one tissue, while hormones are chemicals secreted into the bloodstream for transport to distant target tissues.
- Up-regulation occurs when target cells form more receptors in response to the hormone, while down-regulation happens when target cells lose receptors.
- Tropic hormones stimulate the release of another hormone, while trophic hormones stimulate the growth and nourishment of a gland.
- Stress is any condition that threatens homeostasis, and neurohormones are hormones released and secreted by neurons into the bloodstream.
- Pancreatic islets are clusters of endocrine cells within the pancreas.
- The hypothalamus, pituitary gland, pineal gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, thymus gland, adrenal glands, pancreas, and gonads are key players in the endocrine system.
- Hormones bind to their corresponding receptors and induce events within the target cell that change its behavior.
- Hormone concentrations in the blood reflect the rate of release and speed of inactivation and removal from the body.
- The nervous system can modify the stimulation of endocrine glands and override normal endocrine controls.
- The hypothalamus regulates both the nervous and endocrine systems, and the pituitary gland releases nine important peptide hormones.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the key facts and functions of the endocrine system with this quiz. Explore topics such as hormone production, regulation, and the role of various glands. Challenge yourself to understand the intricate workings of this vital system in the human body.
