Endocrine System Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is caused by a deficiency of insulin?

  • Diabetes insipidus
  • Hypoglycaemia
  • Hyperthyroidism
  • Hyperglycaemia (correct)

    • Which gland secretes melatonin?

  • Thyroid gland
  • Pituitary gland
  • Adrenal gland
  • Pineal gland (correct)

    • What do insulin and glucagon regulate?

  • Blood glucose (correct)
  • Heart rate
  • Blood pressure
  • Body temperature

    • What is the term for the enlargement of the thyroid gland?

    <p>Goitre</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of breaking down food into smaller particles?

    <p>Mechanical digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the lacrimal gland?

    <p>Secretion of tears</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the sensation of pain?

    <p>Nociception</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the structure that separates the outer ear from the middle ear?

    <p>Tympanic membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone helps regulate salt and water balance?

    <p>Aldosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the sudden withdrawal of cortisol?

    <p>Acute adrenal insufficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the stimulus for the release of insulin?

    <p>High plasma levels of glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the cloudy lens of the eye?

    <p>Cataract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the sense of smell?

    <p>Olfaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of breaking down fats into smaller particles?

    <p>Emulsification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the structure that produces bile?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the visual receptors in the eye?

    <p>Rods and cones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Endocrine System

    • Hyperglycemia is caused by a deficiency of insulin.
    • The pineal gland secretes melatonin.
    • The pancreas secretes insulin and glucagon, which regulate blood glucose.
    • Sudden withdrawal of cortisol causes acute adrenal insufficiency.
    • Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid that helps regulate salt and water balance.
    • High plasma levels of glucose stimulate the release of insulin.

    Digestive System

    • Mechanical digestion is the chewing of food.
    • The liver is the organ that detoxifies drugs, stores vitamins, and synthesizes clotting factors.
    • Enamel, dentin, and cementum are related to teeth.
    • Bile is the substance associated with emulsification.
    • The liver produces bile.
    • Gingiva refers to the gums.
    • Obstruction of the common bile duct causes jaundice.
    • Paralytic ileus occurs when there is a slowing or stoppage of GI motility.

    Nutrition and Absorption

    • Cellulose is a dietary fiber that cannot be digested by humans.
    • The fundus, body, and pylorus are part of the stomach.
    • The duodenum and jejunum are the sites of absorption for most end products of digestion.
    • The lower oesophageal structure prevents gastric reflux.

    Sensory Organs

    • Microvilli are related to absorption.
    • Nociceptors detect pain.
    • Olfaction refers to the sense of smell.
    • Gustatory sensation is related to taste buds.
    • The iris is the colored part of the eye.
    • The lacrimal gland secretes tears.
    • An increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) causes damage to the retina and blindness.

    Eye and Ear

    • A cataract is a cloudy lens.
    • The semicircular canals and cochlea are located in the inner ear.
    • The malleus, incus, and stapes are called ossicles.
    • The Eustachian tube connects the pharynx and middle ear.
    • The tympanic membrane separates the outer ear from the middle ear.
    • Semicircular canals are concerned with balance.
    • Rods and cones are visual receptors.

    Endocrine System

    • Hyperglycemia is caused by a deficiency of insulin.
    • The pineal gland secretes melatonin.
    • The pancreas secretes insulin and glucagon, which regulate blood glucose.
    • Sudden withdrawal of cortisol causes acute adrenal insufficiency.
    • Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid that helps regulate salt and water balance.
    • High plasma levels of glucose stimulate the release of insulin.

    Digestive System

    • Mechanical digestion is the chewing of food.
    • The liver is the organ that detoxifies drugs, stores vitamins, and synthesizes clotting factors.
    • Enamel, dentin, and cementum are related to teeth.
    • Bile is the substance associated with emulsification.
    • The liver produces bile.
    • Gingiva refers to the gums.
    • Obstruction of the common bile duct causes jaundice.
    • Paralytic ileus occurs when there is a slowing or stoppage of GI motility.

    Nutrition and Absorption

    • Cellulose is a dietary fiber that cannot be digested by humans.
    • The fundus, body, and pylorus are part of the stomach.
    • The duodenum and jejunum are the sites of absorption for most end products of digestion.
    • The lower oesophageal structure prevents gastric reflux.

    Sensory Organs

    • Microvilli are related to absorption.
    • Nociceptors detect pain.
    • Olfaction refers to the sense of smell.
    • Gustatory sensation is related to taste buds.
    • The iris is the colored part of the eye.
    • The lacrimal gland secretes tears.
    • An increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) causes damage to the retina and blindness.

    Eye and Ear

    • A cataract is a cloudy lens.
    • The semicircular canals and cochlea are located in the inner ear.
    • The malleus, incus, and stapes are called ossicles.
    • The Eustachian tube connects the pharynx and middle ear.
    • The tympanic membrane separates the outer ear from the middle ear.
    • Semicircular canals are concerned with balance.
    • Rods and cones are visual receptors.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of the endocrine system, hormones, and their functions. Covers insulin, glucagon, melatonin, cortisol, and more.

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