Endocrine System Quiz

Endocrine System Questions

• Question 1: Which of the following is NOT a major endocrine organ?

  • Liver is not a major endocrine organ

• Question 2: What is the term for the time required to reduce a hormone's blood concentration by one half?

  • Half-life

• Question 3: Which type of hormone is synthesized on demand from precursors?

  • Peptide hormones

• Question 4: Where are the receptors for steroid hormones located?

  • Cytoplasm or nucleus

• Question 5: What is the function of cyclic AMP in hormone action?

  • Acts as a second messenger to activate protein kinase.

• Question 6: Which of the following is NOT a way hormones alter cellular reactions?

  • Directly altering DNA sequence

• Question 7: The extent of target cell activation by a hormone depends on all of the following EXCEPT:

  • The size of the target cell

• Question 8: Hormonal stimulation of endocrine glands refers to:

  • Hormones influencing the secretion of other hormones

• Question 9: What is the primary function of growth hormone (GH)?

  • Promote cell division and proliferation.

• Question 10: How does physical activity affect GH's action on target tissues?

  • It augments GH's action.

• Question 11: What are the main functions of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs)?

  • Mediate many of GH's effects

• Question 12: What is the primary function of thyrotropin (TSH)?

  • Control thyroid gland secretion

• Question 13: Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) plays a key role in:

  • Regulating adrenal cortex output

• Question 14: Which hormone initiates and supports milk secretion from mammary glands?

  • Prolactin

• Question 15: What is the primary function of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?

  • Inhibit water excretion by the kidneys

• Question 16: What are the two main thyroid hormones?

  • T4 and T3

• Question 17: What is the function of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

  • Control blood calcium balance

• Question 18: What are the two main structures of the adrenal glands?

  • Medulla and Cortex

• Question 19: What is the main function of aldosterone?

  • Regulate mineral balance in extracellular fluids

• Question 20: Which of the following is NOT an effect of cortisol?

  • Stimulates calcium uptake by bones

• Question 21: What are the two types of cells found in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas?

  • Alpha and Beta Cells

• Question 22: What is the primary function of insulin?

  • Regulate glucose entry into tissues

• Question 23: [Unanswered Question]

• Question 24: Which of the following is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes?

  • Body mass exceeding 20% of ideal

• Question 25: Which test for diabetes measures blood sugar levels 2 hours after drinking 75g of glucose?

  • Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)

• Question 26: What is the Hemoglobin A1c test (HbA1c) used to measure?

  • Average blood sugar levels over the past 2-3 months

• Question 27: How does regular physical activity affect the risk of developing type 2 diabetes?

  • Reduces the risk

• Question 28: What is the primary function of glucagon?

  • Increase blood sugar levels

• Question 29: How does endurance training affect the hormonal response to exercise?

  • Produce a decline in the magnitude of the response

• Question 30: Which two hormones are primarily responsible for adaptations to resistance training?

  • Testosterone and GH

• Question 31: What percentage of oxygen is present in the air at the top of Mount Everest?

  • 21%

• Question 32: Why does the partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) decrease at higher altitudes?

  • The atmospheric pressure decreases

• Question 33: What is the primary physiological response to altitude exposure?

  • Increased respiratory drive leading to hyperventilation

• Question 34: What happens to resting blood pressure in the early stages of altitude adaptation?

  • It decreases

• Question 35: How does prolonged cold stress affect hormonal output?

  • Stimulates the release of thyroxine

• Question 36: What is the most important factor determining the effectiveness of evaporative heat loss?

  • Relative humidity

• Question 37: What is the primary mechanism for heat dissipation during exercise?

  • Evaporation

• Question 38: During exercise in the heat, what cardiovascular demands compete for blood flow?

  • Muscles requiring oxygen and the periphery for cooling

• Question 39: What is the ideal condition for fluid replacement during exercise?

  • Replace water lost at a rate close to or equal to sweating rate.

• Question 40: Which electrolyte is particularly important to include in rehydration drinks?

  • Sodium