Endocrine System Quiz

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What is the primary function of the endocrine system's secretions?

To protect the body from external damage

To produce heat

To nourish the body

To regulate certain bodily functions (correct)

What type of receptors do hormones bind to in target organs?

Neither membranous nor cytoplasmic receptors

Both membranous and cytoplasmic receptors (correct)

Only cytoplasmic receptors

Only membranous receptors

What is the function of steroid hormones?

They affect DNA directly

They can enter cells and affect DNA (correct)

They are destroyed by the liver

They affect membranes only

What is the name of the system that combines the nervous and endocrine systems?

Neuroendocrine system Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the thyroid gland?

In the anterior part of the upper neck Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of the thyroid gland?

Like the wings of a butterfly Signup and view all the answers

What happens to calcium in blood when there is a 𝑐𝑎+2 deficiency?

It increases Signup and view all the answers

Where are the adrenal glands located?

Anterior upper pole of the kidney Signup and view all the answers

What do the medulla of the adrenal glands secrete?

Adrenaline and noradrenaline Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the zona glomerulosa?

Secretion of corticosteroids Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells form the follicles in the thyroid gland?

Cuboidal cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the arrangement of cells in the zona reticularis?

No distinct arrangement Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the parafollicular cells in the thyroid gland?

Synthesis and secretion of calcitonin Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of thyroglobulin in the thyroid gland?

Reaction with iodine to form T4 and T3 Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells can be seen in the medulla?

Both b and a Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)?

Stimulation of thyroid secretion Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on blood calcium level?

Increases blood calcium level Signup and view all the answers

How many parathyroid glands are there in the endocrine system?

4 Signup and view all the answers

What types of cells surround the unmyelinated axons in the posterior pituitary?

Pituicytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of MSH secreted by the Pars intermedia?

Increase in the number of melanosomes Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the pituitary gland is responsible for secreting FSH and LH hormones?

Pars tuberalis Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of somatostatin secreted by the hypothalamus?

Inhibition of growth hormone Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells in the pituitary gland do not stain darkly?

Chromophobes Signup and view all the answers

What is the hormone secreted by thyrotropes that stimulates the thyroid gland?

TSH Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of melatonin secreted by the pineal body?

Regulating wake-sleep cycle Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of zona glomerulosa in the adrenal cortex?

Secretion of mineral corticoids Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of calcitonin secreted by para follicular cells in the thyroid gland?

Inhibiting osteoclast activity and stimulating osteoblast activity Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the adrenal medulla?

Secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of para thyroid hormone?

Stimulating osteoclast activity and raising blood calcium levels Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of hormones in the endocrine system?

To regulate physiological activities in the body Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of steroid hormones?

They can enter the cell and affect the DNA Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the combination of the nervous and endocrine systems?

Neuroendocrine system Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the thyroid gland?

In the anterior part of the upper neck Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the peptides in the endocrine system?

To affect the cell membrane and trigger a response Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of cytoplasmic receptors?

They are located in the cytoplasm of the cell Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the colloid in the thyroid gland?

To store thyroglobulin Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of C cells in the thyroid gland?

To synthesise and secrete calcitonin Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) on the thyroid gland?

It stimulates the synthesis and secretion of T4 and T3 Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the parathyroid glands?

Behind the thyroid gland Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on blood calcium levels?

It increases blood calcium levels Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells form the majority of the parathyroid glands?

Chief cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the infundibulum?

To connect the pituitary gland with the hypothalamus Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells are found in the Pars distalis?

Both chromophobe and chromophil cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of MSH secreted by the Pars intermedia?

To increase the number of melanosomes in the skin Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of somatostatin secreted by the hypothalamus?

To cause the pituitary to stop the release of growth hormone Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of acidophils in the pituitary gland?

To secrete somatotropes (HGH) and prolactin Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the hypothalamus?

In the lower central part of the brain Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the hormone secreted by the pineal body?

Regulation of wake-sleep cycle Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the zona fasciculata in the adrenal cortex?

Secretion of glucocorticoids Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of calcitonin on osteoclast activity?

It inhibits osteoclast activity Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on calcium in blood when there is a 𝑐𝑎+2 deficiency?

Increases it Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the zona glomerulosa in the adrenal cortex?

Secretion of mineral corticoids Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of the adrenal cortex composed of the zona reticularis?

7% Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of the adrenal glands' stroma?

Reticular fibers Signup and view all the answers

What is the arrangement of cells in the zona fasciculata?

In longitudinal chains parallel to each other Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells are present in the medulla of the adrenal glands?

Polyhedral secretory cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the medulla of the adrenal glands?

Secretes adrenaline and increases heart rate and blood pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is the outermost layer of the adrenal cortex?

Zona glomerulosa Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is produced by the pineal body to regulate the wake-sleep cycle?

Melatonin Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the adrenal cortex is composed of the zona glomerulosa?

15% Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of parafollicular cells in the thyroid gland?

Secrete calcitonin Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the adrenal medulla?

Secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of calcitonin on osteoclast activity?

Inhibits osteoclast activity Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the zona fasciculata?

Secretion of glucocorticoids Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the hormone that regulates the wake-sleep cycle?

Melatonin Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the zona glomerulosa?

Secretion of mineralocorticoids Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the adrenal cortex?

Preparation of the body for energy demands Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of parathyroid hormone on blood calcium levels?

Increases calcium levels Signup and view all the answers

Endocrine System Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the endocrine system's secretions?

What type of receptors do hormones bind to in target organs?

What is the function of steroid hormones?

What is the name of the system that combines the nervous and endocrine systems?

What is the location of the thyroid gland?

What is the shape of the thyroid gland?

What happens to calcium in blood when there is a 𝑐𝑎+2 deficiency?

Where are the adrenal glands located?

What do the medulla of the adrenal glands secrete?

What is the function of the zona glomerulosa?

What type of cells form the follicles in the thyroid gland?

What is the arrangement of cells in the zona reticularis?

What is the function of the parafollicular cells in the thyroid gland?

What is the role of thyroglobulin in the thyroid gland?

What type of cells can be seen in the medulla?

What is the function of the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)?

What is the effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on blood calcium level?

How many parathyroid glands are there in the endocrine system?

What types of cells surround the unmyelinated axons in the posterior pituitary?

What is the primary function of MSH secreted by the Pars intermedia?

Which part of the pituitary gland is responsible for secreting FSH and LH hormones?

What is the function of somatostatin secreted by the hypothalamus?

Which type of cells in the pituitary gland do not stain darkly?

What is the hormone secreted by thyrotropes that stimulates the thyroid gland?

What is the primary function of melatonin secreted by the pineal body?

What is the function of zona glomerulosa in the adrenal cortex?

What is the function of calcitonin secreted by para follicular cells in the thyroid gland?

What is the function of the adrenal medulla?

What is the function of para thyroid hormone?

What is the main function of hormones in the endocrine system?

What is the characteristic of steroid hormones?

What is the term used to describe the combination of the nervous and endocrine systems?

What is the location of the thyroid gland?

What is the function of the peptides in the endocrine system?

What is the characteristic of cytoplasmic receptors?

What is the function of the colloid in the thyroid gland?

What is the role of C cells in the thyroid gland?

What is the effect of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) on the thyroid gland?

What is the location of the parathyroid glands?

What is the effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on blood calcium levels?

What type of cells form the majority of the parathyroid glands?

What is the function of the infundibulum?

What type of cells are found in the Pars distalis?

What is the function of MSH secreted by the Pars intermedia?

What is the role of somatostatin secreted by the hypothalamus?

What is the function of acidophils in the pituitary gland?

What is the location of the hypothalamus?

What is the primary function of the hormone secreted by the pineal body?

What is the function of the zona fasciculata in the adrenal cortex?

What is the effect of calcitonin on osteoclast activity?

What is the effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on calcium in blood when there is a 𝑐𝑎+2 deficiency?

What is the primary function of the zona glomerulosa in the adrenal cortex?

What is the percentage of the adrenal cortex composed of the zona reticularis?

What is the main component of the adrenal glands' stroma?

What is the arrangement of cells in the zona fasciculata?

What type of cells are present in the medulla of the adrenal glands?

What is the function of the medulla of the adrenal glands?

What is the outermost layer of the adrenal cortex?

Which hormone is produced by the pineal body to regulate the wake-sleep cycle?

What percentage of the adrenal cortex is composed of the zona glomerulosa?

What is the function of parafollicular cells in the thyroid gland?

What is the primary function of the adrenal medulla?

What is the effect of calcitonin on osteoclast activity?

What is the function of the zona fasciculata?

What is the name of the hormone that regulates the wake-sleep cycle?

What is the function of the zona glomerulosa?

What is the primary function of the adrenal cortex?

What is the effect of parathyroid hormone on blood calcium levels?

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