18 Questions
What is the primary function of the parafollicular cells (C Thyrocytes) in the thyroid gland?
Produce calcitonin
What is the main structural feature that gives the thyroid gland its distinctive butterfly-like appearance?
The two main lobes
What is the primary function of the follicular cells (T thyrocytes) in the thyroid gland?
Actively transport iodine
What is the typical weight of the thymus gland in a 50-year-old individual?
12 grams
Which of the following is not a function of the adrenal cortex?
Secretion of thyroxine
What is the primary role of the thymus gland in the body?
Maintain immune defense
What triggers endocrine activity by changes to the extracellular fluid?
Humoral Stimulation
Which part of the pituitary gland contains axons of hypothalamic neurons?
Posterior Pituitary
What is responsible for providing the highest level of endocrine control?
Hypothalamus
Which cells have receptors that bind hormones?
Specific cells
What system links the hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary gland?
Hypophyseal Portal System
Which gland contains a variety of endocrine cells?
Pituitary Gland
What is the main difference between the nervous system and the endocrine system?
The nervous system produces short-term effects, while the endocrine system produces long-term effects.
How do hormones travel within the body?
Directly into the interstitial fluids, lymph, or blood
Which of the following is NOT a category of hormones?
Carbohydrate derivatives
What is an example of a lipid derivative hormone?
Sex hormones
How do hormones influence cellular activity?
By changing the types, activities, or quantities of cytoplasmic enzymes
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of hormones mentioned in the text?
Hormones are transported through the nervous system to reach their target cells.
Test your knowledge about the introduction and functions of the endocrine system, including its coordination with the nervous system, production of hormones, and effects on target organs in the body.
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