Endocrine System histo

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of hormones secreted by the endocrine system?

  • Have an effect upon a particular tissue or organ (correct)
  • Pass directly into the organs
  • Control the nervous system
  • Affect the exocrine glands

Which type of receptors are found in the target organs for hormones?

  • Membranous (correct)
  • Cytoplasmic
  • Peptides
  • Steroids

How do steroids hormones typically affect cells?

  • By controlling the nervous system
  • By entering the cell and affecting DNA (correct)
  • By targeting exocrine glands
  • By binding to membrane receptors

Which gland is located in the anterior part of the upper neck, resembling the wings of a butterfly?

<p>Thyroid gland (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes peptides from steroids in terms of their hormonal effects?

<p>Steroids affect DNA upon cell entry (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which glands are considered part of the neuroendocrine system?

<p>Pituitary gland (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of parafollicular cells in the thyroid gland?

<p>Synthesis and secretion of calcitonin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete T4 and T3?

<p>Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells secrete the parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

<p>Chief cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is stored in the lumen of follicles in the thyroid gland?

<p>Colloid gelatinous material (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of T4 and T3 in the thyroid gland once they are secreted into the blood?

<p>Negative feedback on TSH secretion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are the parathyroid glands located in relation to the thyroid gland?

<p>Behind the thyroid gland (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of PTH in case of 𝑐𝑎+2 deficiency?

<p>Increases Ca in blood (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are the adrenal (suprarenal) glands located?

<p>Anterior upper pole of the kidney (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the adrenal cortex secretes a series of hormones called corticosteroids?

<p>Zona fasciculata (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells are found in the adrenal medulla?

<p>Polyhydral cells arranged in chains (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which system controls the adrenal glands?

<p>Sympathetic nervous system (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are the cells arranged in the Zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex?

<p>In cords and chains or arches (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells make up the posterior pituitary gland?

<p>Pituicytes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the pituitary gland secretes FSH and LH hormones?

<p>Pars tuberalis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Mammotropes in the pituitary gland?

<p>Stimulate milk secretion from mammary gland (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cell type in the pituitary gland secretes thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)?

<p>Thyrotropes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What hormone does the hypothalamus secrete to inhibit the release of growth hormone?

<p>Somatostatin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Pars intermedia in the pituitary gland?

<p>Increase melanosomes in the skin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the Pineal body located?

<p>Middle of the brain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the Adrenal cortex secretes mineral corticoids like Aldosterone?

<p>Zona Glomerulosa (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What hormone is secreted by the Para follicular cells of the Thyroid gland?

<p>Calcitonin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the Adrenal cortex prepares the body for energy demands by secreting glucocorticoids like cortisol?

<p>Zona Fasciculata (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Parathyroid hormone do in relation to calcium levels?

<p>Stimulate osteoclast activity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone secreted by the pineal body helps regulate the wake-sleep cycle of the body?

<p>Melatonin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Zona Glomerulosa in the adrenal cortex?

<p>Secretes mineral corticoids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the adrenal cortex is responsible for preparing the body for energy demands?

<p>Zona Fasciculata (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do Para follicular cells in the thyroid gland secrete?

<p>Calcitonin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone works in opposition to parathyroid hormone by adding calcium to the bony matrix?

<p>Calcitonin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Pineal body secretes a hormone called insulin.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Adrenal cortex is derived from ectoderm.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Zona Fasciculate in the Adrenal cortex secretes mineral corticoids.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Adrenal medulla secretes epinephrine and dopamine.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Thyroid gland Para follicular cells secrete calcitonin that stimulates osteoclast activity.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Parathyroid hormone decreases calcium levels in the blood.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Zona Reticularis in the Adrenal cortex secretes gonadocorticoids.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Thyroid gland Para follicular cells work in opposition to Parathyroid hormone in calcium regulation.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Zona Glomerulosa in the Adrenal cortex secretes glucocorticoids.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Adrenal Cortex consists of two layers: Zona Fasciculate and Zona Reticularis.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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