Endocrine System histo
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of hormones secreted by the endocrine system?

  • Have an effect upon a particular tissue or organ (correct)
  • Pass directly into the organs
  • Control the nervous system
  • Affect the exocrine glands
  • Which type of receptors are found in the target organs for hormones?

  • Membranous (correct)
  • Cytoplasmic
  • Peptides
  • Steroids
  • How do steroids hormones typically affect cells?

  • By controlling the nervous system
  • By entering the cell and affecting DNA (correct)
  • By targeting exocrine glands
  • By binding to membrane receptors
  • Which gland is located in the anterior part of the upper neck, resembling the wings of a butterfly?

    <p>Thyroid gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes peptides from steroids in terms of their hormonal effects?

    <p>Steroids affect DNA upon cell entry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which glands are considered part of the neuroendocrine system?

    <p>Pituitary gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of parafollicular cells in the thyroid gland?

    <p>Synthesis and secretion of calcitonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete T4 and T3?

    <p>Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells secrete the parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

    <p>Chief cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is stored in the lumen of follicles in the thyroid gland?

    <p>Colloid gelatinous material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of T4 and T3 in the thyroid gland once they are secreted into the blood?

    <p>Negative feedback on TSH secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the parathyroid glands located in relation to the thyroid gland?

    <p>Behind the thyroid gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of PTH in case of 𝑐𝑎+2 deficiency?

    <p>Increases Ca in blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the adrenal (suprarenal) glands located?

    <p>Anterior upper pole of the kidney</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the adrenal cortex secretes a series of hormones called corticosteroids?

    <p>Zona fasciculata</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cells are found in the adrenal medulla?

    <p>Polyhydral cells arranged in chains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system controls the adrenal glands?

    <p>Sympathetic nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are the cells arranged in the Zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex?

    <p>In cords and chains or arches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cells make up the posterior pituitary gland?

    <p>Pituicytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the pituitary gland secretes FSH and LH hormones?

    <p>Pars tuberalis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Mammotropes in the pituitary gland?

    <p>Stimulate milk secretion from mammary gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cell type in the pituitary gland secretes thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)?

    <p>Thyrotropes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone does the hypothalamus secrete to inhibit the release of growth hormone?

    <p>Somatostatin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Pars intermedia in the pituitary gland?

    <p>Increase melanosomes in the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the Pineal body located?

    <p>Middle of the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the Adrenal cortex secretes mineral corticoids like Aldosterone?

    <p>Zona Glomerulosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone is secreted by the Para follicular cells of the Thyroid gland?

    <p>Calcitonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the Adrenal cortex prepares the body for energy demands by secreting glucocorticoids like cortisol?

    <p>Zona Fasciculata</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Parathyroid hormone do in relation to calcium levels?

    <p>Stimulate osteoclast activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone secreted by the pineal body helps regulate the wake-sleep cycle of the body?

    <p>Melatonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Zona Glomerulosa in the adrenal cortex?

    <p>Secretes mineral corticoids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the adrenal cortex is responsible for preparing the body for energy demands?

    <p>Zona Fasciculata</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do Para follicular cells in the thyroid gland secrete?

    <p>Calcitonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone works in opposition to parathyroid hormone by adding calcium to the bony matrix?

    <p>Calcitonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Pineal body secretes a hormone called insulin.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Adrenal cortex is derived from ectoderm.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Zona Fasciculate in the Adrenal cortex secretes mineral corticoids.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Adrenal medulla secretes epinephrine and dopamine.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Thyroid gland Para follicular cells secrete calcitonin that stimulates osteoclast activity.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Parathyroid hormone decreases calcium levels in the blood.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Zona Reticularis in the Adrenal cortex secretes gonadocorticoids.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Thyroid gland Para follicular cells work in opposition to Parathyroid hormone in calcium regulation.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Zona Glomerulosa in the Adrenal cortex secretes glucocorticoids.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Adrenal Cortex consists of two layers: Zona Fasciculate and Zona Reticularis.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

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