Endocrine System Overview and Functions

<p>Hormones bind to specific receptors on or in the target cells. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dissolving in blood plasma and being transported throughout the circulatory system. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Maintaining homeostasis of blood volume and composition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epithelial tissue that synthesizes and releases hormones (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To initiate biochemical events inside a cell after the first messenger binds to a receptor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When one hormone reinforces the activity of another hormone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To decrease urine production, stimulate thirst, and constrict blood vessels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It stimulates the breakdown of glycogen into glucose (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parafollicular cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It increases metabolic rate and protein synthesis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Insufficient dietary iodine intake (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epinephrine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To regulate electrolyte levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It elevates blood glucose levels by stimulating gluconeogenesis in the liver (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A local hormone (eicosanoid) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The endocrine system uses hormones for slow but long-lasting control, while the nervous system uses electrical signals for rapid but short-lived responses.

Hormones can be classified into steroid hormones, peptide hormones, and amine hormones, each with different functions and structures.

Hormones are transported in the bloodstream, either freely or bound to carrier proteins, to reach target cells.

Hormones interact with target cells by binding to specific receptors, triggering a response that alters cell activity.

The endocrine system helps maintain homeostasis by regulating processes like metabolism, growth, and water balance through hormone secretion.

A system of ductless glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream.

Chemical messengers released by endocrine glands that affect target cells in the body.

Cells that have specific receptors for a hormone, allowing them to respond to it.

Hormone release initiated when one hormone binds to a gland, stimulating it to release another hormone.

Hormones that cannot cross the cell membrane and act via receptors on the exterior of target cells.

Hormones that can easily diffuse across cell membranes and bind to receptors inside the cell.

Hormones produced by the thyroid gland that regulate metabolism, growth, and development.

A hormone produced by the thyroid that lowers blood calcium levels.

A hormone produced by alpha cells of the pancreas that raises blood glucose levels.

A hormone produced by beta cells of the pancreas that lowers blood glucose levels.

Glands located above each kidney that release hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline.

A hormone that stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and cell regeneration in humans.

A disorder caused by prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol, leading to symptoms such as obesity and hypertension.

The maintenance of stable internal conditions within the body, regulated by hormones.