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Questions and Answers
Which of the following are peptides? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following are peptides? (Select all that apply)
- Insulin
- Oxytocin (correct)
- Hormone (correct)
- Glucagon
Which glands are part of the human endocrine system? (Select all that apply)
Which glands are part of the human endocrine system? (Select all that apply)
- Pancreas (correct)
- Liver
- Pituitary gland (correct)
- Thyroid gland (correct)
What type of glandular system is the endocrine system?
What type of glandular system is the endocrine system?
Ductless glandular system
What regulates physiological functions such as hunger and thirst?
What regulates physiological functions such as hunger and thirst?
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The hypothalamus produces only releasing factors.
The hypothalamus produces only releasing factors.
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The axon endings of the neurosecretory cells synapse with ______.
The axon endings of the neurosecretory cells synapse with ______.
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Where do the hormones produced by the hypothalamus release?
Where do the hormones produced by the hypothalamus release?
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Study Notes
Chemical Coordination
- Hormones like oxytocin consist of nine amino acids, classified as peptides.
- Insulin, glucagon, and parathormone are larger polypeptides, playing vital roles in metabolism and calcium regulation.
Endocrine System of Man
- Comprises approximately 20 ductless glands located throughout the body, each releasing hormones directly into the bloodstream.
- Major glands include:
- Hypothalamus
- Pituitary gland
- Pineal gland (epiphysis)
- Thyroid gland
- Parathyroid gland
- Adrenal (suprarenal) glands
- Pancreas
- Ovaries (in females)
- Testicles (in males)
Role of Hypothalamus
- Located in the forebrain, it regulates critical physiological functions such as hunger, thirst, sleep, and body temperature.
- Monitors metabolites and hormone levels in the blood, ensuring homeostasis.
- Contains neurosecretory cells that have both impulse conduction and secretion capabilities.
- Produces regulatory hormones that influence the synthesis and secretion of pituitary hormones.
- Hormones include releasing factors, which stimulate pituitary hormone secretion, and inhibiting factors, which suppress it.
- Regulatory hormones are synthesized in cell bodies, packaged into granules, and transported along axons to be released into blood upon stimulation.
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