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Questions and Answers
Which cells in the endocrine pancreas release insulin in response to high blood glucose levels?
What is the primary target of insulin in the body?
Which hormone inhibits the release of glucagon and insulin in the endocrine pancreas?
Which organ produces the inactive form of vitamin D3?
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Which hormone produces the feeling of satiety after a meal?
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Which hormone is responsible for regulating blood calcium levels?
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Which hormone stimulates the production of red blood cells in bone marrow?
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Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the liver to convert its stores of glycogen back into glucose and release glucose into the blood?
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Which hormone is responsible for promoting the uptake of glucose from the blood and stimulating glycolysis, thus lowering blood glucose levels?
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Which hormone is important in the development of the female reproductive system, regulation of the menstrual cycle, and development and maintenance of pregnancy?
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Which hormone is responsible for promoting progesterone synthesis and reducing the mother's immune function to protect the fetus from immune rejection?
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Study Notes
Endocrine Pancreas and Hormones
- Insulin is released by beta cells in the endocrine pancreas in response to high blood glucose levels.
- The primary target of insulin is muscle and fat tissues, facilitating glucose uptake and storage.
Glucagon Regulation
- Somatostatin inhibits the release of both glucagon and insulin in the endocrine pancreas, regulating overall hormone balance.
Vitamin D3 Production
- The inactive form of vitamin D3 is produced in the liver, contributing to calcium homeostasis in the body.
Satiety Hormone
- Cholecystokinin (CCK) produces the feeling of satiety after a meal, signaling fullness to the brain.
Blood Calcium Regulation
- Parathyroid hormone (PTH) regulates blood calcium levels, increasing calcium availability when needed.
Erythropoiesis Stimulation
- Erythropoietin (EPO) stimulates the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow, crucial for oxygen transport.
Glycogen Conversion
- Glucagon stimulates the liver to convert glycogen stores back into glucose, releasing it into the blood to raise blood sugar levels.
Glucose Uptake and Glycolysis
- Insulin promotes the uptake of glucose from the blood and stimulates glycolysis, thus lowering blood glucose levels effectively.
Female Reproductive Hormone
- Estrogen plays a key role in the development of the female reproductive system, regulation of the menstrual cycle, and maintenance of pregnancy.
Progesterone Synthesis
- Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is responsible for promoting progesterone synthesis and reducing maternal immune function, protecting the fetus from immune rejection.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the endocrine system and the functions of the endocrine pancreas. Learn about the cells and secretions of the pancreatic islets including glucagon, insulin, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptide (PP).
