Endocrine System: Anatomy, Physiology, and Disorders
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of the endocrine system in the body?

  • To maintain body temperature
  • To regulate body functions through hormone secretion (correct)
  • To filter waste products
  • To produce blood cells

    • What is the primary role of insulin in the body?

  • To regulate hormone secretion
  • To facilitate the entry of glucose into cells (correct)
  • To increase blood glucose levels
  • To produce oxygen

    • What is the result of a gland producing too much hormone?

  • Metabolism
  • Hypersecretion (correct)
  • Hyposecretion
  • Homeostasis

    • What is the primary function of glucagon in the body?

    <p>The correct answer is not provided in the text</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of high blood glucose levels in the body?

    <p>Cells are not able to receive glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the disorder of glucose metabolism characterized by the body's impaired ability to get glucose into cells?

    <p>Diabetes mellitus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential outcome of unmanaged diabetes?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of diabetes mellitus type 1?

    <p>It is an autoimmune disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal blood glucose level?

    <p>Between 80 and 120 mg/dL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of polyuria in diabetes?

    <p>The kidney's filtration system becomes overwhelmed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the body burning fat for energy instead of glucose?

    <p>The production of ketones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the rapid breathing and deep breathing pattern seen in diabetic ketoacidosis?

    <p>Kussmaul respirations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential outcome of untreated hypoglycemia?

    <p>Coma or death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an insulin pump in type 1 diabetes?

    <p>To provide a continuous supply of insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the life-threatening illness that can occur when the body burns fat for energy instead of glucose?

    <p>Diabetic ketoacidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for checking blood glucose levels in diabetes?

    <p>To adjust medication dosages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the primary assessment in a diabetic patient?

    <p>General impression and identifying life threats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended oxygen flow rate for patients showing signs of inadequate breathing?

    <p>12 to 15 L/min via nonrebreathing mask</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a patient's respirations in hyperglycemic crisis?

    <p>Rapid, deep respirations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in assessing the patient's circulatory status?

    <p>Assessing the patient's skin moisture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of obtaining a SAMPLE history in a diabetic patient?

    <p>To investigate the patient's insulin and eating habits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range of nonfasting blood glucose levels in adults and children?

    <p>80 to 120 mg/dL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment for a hypoglycemic patient who is conscious and able to swallow?

    <p>Providing a glucose drink or tablets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of reassessing the patient with diabetes frequently?

    <p>To assess changes in the patient's condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the indication for cervical spine immobilization in a diabetic patient?

    <p>History of trauma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the AVPU scale used to assess in a diabetic patient?

    <p>The patient's level of consciousness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of having hyperglycemia for a prolonged period of time?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of type 2 diabetes?

    <p>Insulin resistance at the cellular level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of untreated hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes?

    <p>Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a vital sign that may be abnormal in a patient experiencing a sickle cell crisis?

    <p>Pale, clammy skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of asking a patient with a sickle cell crisis about their visual disturbances?

    <p>To identify potential neurological involvement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary symptom of hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNS)?

    <p>Altered mental status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment for hypoglycemia?

    <p>Giving the patient glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended course of action for a patient with hemophilia or sickle cell crisis?

    <p>Transport to an emergency department</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of not addressing hypoglycemia swiftly?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of reassessing vital signs frequently in a patient with a sickle cell crisis?

    <p>To determine the patient's response to interventions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why may a pulse oximeter reading be inaccurate in a patient with a sickle cell crisis?

    <p>Due to the patient's anemic state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the development of hypoglycemia in patients with diabetes?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between the consequences of hyperglycemia in type 1 and type 2 diabetes?

    <p>Ketoacidosis in type 1 and HHNS in type 2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of reassessing the patient frequently after administering oral glucose?

    <p>To check for signs of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of platelets in the blood?

    <p>To assist in forming a clot to stop bleeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of scene size-up in patient assessment of diabetes?

    <p>Evaluate scene safety and ensure all hazards are addressed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern when administering oral glucose to a patient?

    <p>Ensuring the patient's airway is clear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why may patients with diabetic emergencies be mistaken for being intoxicated?

    <p>Because they may display altered mental status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended oxygen therapy for a patient with inadequate breathing or altered mental status due to a sickle cell crisis?

    <p>High-flow oxygen via nonrebreathing mask</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended action when a patient is having a seizure due to hypoglycemia?

    <p>Place the patient on their side and ensure the airway is clear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary symptom of symptomatic hyperglycemia?

    <p>Recurrent infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consequence of sickled cells having a short life span in sickle cell disease?

    <p>More cellular waste products in the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a complication associated with hemophilia A?

    <p>Thrombosis due to treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it essential to check for low blood glucose in a patient with altered mental status?

    <p>Because it is a common symptom of hypoglycemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of wearing gloves when administering oral glucose?

    <p>To prevent infection transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of blood-thinning medications in deep vein thrombosis (DVT) treatment?

    <p>Prevent blood clot formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended action when a patient refuses transport after taking oral glucose?

    <p>Provide additional documentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the condition in which the blood clots more easily than normal?

    <p>Thrombophilia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consequence of a clot from a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) traveling to the lung?

    <p>Pulmonary embolus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern when managing a patient with a seizure due to hypoglycemia?

    <p>Ensuring the patient's airway is clear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is maintaining hydration important in sickle cell disease?

    <p>To prevent increased clumping of the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it essential to coordinate communication and documentation when treating a patient with a diabetic emergency?

    <p>To provide accurate information to the hospital</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the condition characterized by an abnormally low number of red blood cells?

    <p>Anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern for patients with sickle cell disease during a crisis?

    <p>Hypoxia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to wear gloves and eye protection when assessing a patient with sickle cell disease?

    <p>To ensure scene safety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of anticoagulation therapy in deep vein thrombosis (DVT) treatment?

    <p>To prevent further blood clot formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most important factor to ensure effective CPR?

    <p>Adequate space for two rescuers to perform CPR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should you check for a pulse in a patient?

    <p>By feeling the carotid pulse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of chest compressions in CPR?

    <p>To circulate blood and act as a pump</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is essential to do between chest compressions during CPR?

    <p>Allow the chest to completely recoil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of proper hand positioning during CPR?

    <p>It helps to minimize injuries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you avoid doing during CPR?

    <p>Leaning on the chest in between compressions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct position of the head in the jaw-thrust maneuver?

    <p>In neutral alignment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of releasing pressure on the sternum during chest compressions?

    <p>To allow the sternum to return to its normal resting position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ratio of compression and relaxation in chest compressions?

    <p>1:1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct location of the heart in the chest?

    <p>Slightly to the left of the middle of the chest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the head tilt-chin lift maneuver?

    <p>To open the airway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct placement of the fingers during the jaw-thrust maneuver?

    <p>Behind the angles of the lower jaw</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of an impedance threshold device in cardiopulmonary resuscitation?

    <p>To limit air entering the lungs during recoil phase between chest compressions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of active compression-decompression CPR over manual chest compressions?

    <p>It allows the rescuer to configure the depth and rate of compression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of load-distributing band CPR or vest CPR?

    <p>To distribute the load of chest compressions circumferentially</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of mechanical piston devices in cardiopulmonary resuscitation?

    <p>To provide a consistent and controlled chest compression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between active compression-decompression CPR and manual chest compressions?

    <p>The ability to configure the depth and rate of compression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of using devices and techniques to assist circulation in cardiopulmonary resuscitation?

    <p>They provide a consistent and controlled chest compression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Brain damage is very likely in a brain that does not receive oxygen for:

    <p>6-10 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following sequences of events describes the AHA chain of survival?

    <p>Early access, early CPR, early defibrillation, early advanced care, integrated post-arrest care, recovery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct position of early access in the AHA chain of survival?

    <p>Before early CPR and defibrillation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is early defibrillation crucial in the AHA chain of survival?

    <p>It increases the chance of successful resuscitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if any one of the links in the AHA chain of survival is absent?

    <p>The patient is more likely to die</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final step in the AHA chain of survival?

    <p>Recovery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should an Automated External Defibrillator (AED) be applied to a cardiac arrest patient?

    <p>As soon as possible after cardiac arrest is identified</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what situation would you use an AED with adult-sized pads with anterior-posterior placement?

    <p>If the patient is a child and pediatric-sized pads are not available</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct order of action when witnessing a cardiac arrest?

    <p>Begin CPR, then apply the AED as soon as it is available</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should you log roll a patient onto a long backboard?

    <p>To position the patient for assessment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the vital link in the chain of survival for cardiac arrest patients?

    <p>CPR and defibrillation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct placement of pediatric-sized pads for defibrillation?

    <p>Anterior-posterior placement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of an impedance threshold device in cardiopulmonary resuscitation?

    <p>To limit air entering the lungs during the recoil phase between chest compressions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between active compression-decompression CPR and manual chest compressions?

    <p>The mechanism of compression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of load-distributing band CPR or vest CPR?

    <p>To distribute the force of compression across the chest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of mechanical piston devices in cardiopulmonary resuscitation?

    <p>To provide a consistent and controlled compression rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of early access in cardiopulmonary resuscitation?

    <p>To initiate chest compressions as soon as possible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of active compression-decompression CPR?

    <p>It increases the effectiveness of chest compressions</p> Signup and view all the answers

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