Endocrine Regulation of Bone Growth

What role does growth hormone (GH) not fulfill in bone growth?

Which hormone specifically contributes to the cessation of longitudinal bone growth during adolescence?

What is the primary function of thyroxine in bone growth?

During which physiological process does calcitriol play a crucial role?

Which of the following statements about the hormones acting on bone growth is incorrect?

Hormones Involved in Bone Growth

Growth hormone (GH) is secreted by the pituitary gland and is essential for bone growth and maintenance.
GH stimulates chondrocyte proliferation in epiphyseal plates, leading to increased length of long bones.
It enhances calcium retention, improving mineralization, and stimulates osteoblastic activity to increase bone density.

Thyroid Hormone Role

Thyroxine, produced by the thyroid gland, promotes osteoblastic activity and the synthesis of the bone matrix, supporting overall bone development.

Sex Hormones and Puberty

During puberty, sex hormones such as estrogen and testosterone significantly influence bone growth.
These hormones enhance osteoblastic activity and stimulate the production of bone matrix.
They are responsible for the growth spurt seen in adolescents and facilitate the conversion of the epiphyseal plate into the epiphyseal line, marking the end of longitudinal bone growth.

Vitamin D's Impact

Calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D, is produced by the kidneys.
It promotes the absorption of calcium and phosphate from the digestive tract, essential for bone mineralization and health.

This quiz explores the role of hormones in bone growth and maintenance, focusing on the functions of growth hormone (GH) from the pituitary gland. It highlights how GH influences chondrocyte proliferation, calcium retention, and osteoblastic activity to improve bone density. Test your understanding of the endocrine system's impact on skeletal health.