10 Questions
Which two hormones are secreted from the endocrine pancreas?
Insulin and glucagon
What are the major target organs for insulin and glucagon?
Liver and adipose tissue
What is the role of the insulin/glucagon (I/G) ratio in the regulation of body metabolism?
It determines the balance between anabolic and catabolic processes
Which disease state is caused by over-secretion of insulin?
Hypoglycemia
What are the benefits of physical activity on blood glucose levels?
It helps lower blood glucose levels
Which hormone is secreted from the endocrine pancreas and promotes the breakdown of glycogen into glucose in the liver?
Glucagon
Which hormone is secreted from the endocrine pancreas and promotes the uptake of glucose by cells, thereby decreasing blood glucose levels?
Insulin
Which hormone is secreted from the endocrine pancreas and inhibits the secretion of both insulin and glucagon?
Somatostatin
Which hormone is secreted from the endocrine pancreas and has a role in regulating pancreatic exocrine secretion and gallbladder contraction?
Pancreatic polypeptide
Which hormone is primarily responsible for the uptake and storage of glucose in adipose tissue?
Insulin
Study Notes
Endocrine Pancreas Hormones
- The two hormones secreted from the endocrine pancreas are insulin and glucagon.
- Insulin and glucagon have opposite effects on blood glucose levels.
Insulin and Glucagon Target Organs
- The major target organs for insulin are the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue.
- The major target organs for glucagon are the liver and adipose tissue.
Insulin/Glucagon Ratio
- The insulin/glucagon (I/G) ratio plays a crucial role in regulating body metabolism.
- An imbalance in the I/G ratio can lead to metabolic disorders.
Diseases Caused by Insulin and Glucagon Imbalance
- Hypoglycemia is caused by an over-secretion of insulin.
- Diabetes is caused by a deficiency of insulin or insensitivity to insulin.
Effects of Physical Activity on Blood Glucose
- Regular physical activity helps to decrease blood glucose levels.
- Physical activity increases the body's sensitivity to insulin.
Hormonal Functions
- Glucagon promotes the breakdown of glycogen into glucose in the liver.
- Insulin promotes the uptake of glucose by cells, thereby decreasing blood glucose levels.
- Somatostatin inhibits the secretion of both insulin and glucagon.
- Cholecystokinin (CCK) has a role in regulating pancreatic exocrine secretion and gallbladder contraction.
- Insulin is primarily responsible for the uptake and storage of glucose in adipose tissue.
Test your knowledge on the endocrine pancreas and its major hormones, insulin and glucagon. Learn about their synthesis, secretion, regulation, and target organs. Understand the effects of insulin and glucagon in the body.
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