Endocrine Disorders Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the role of releasing hormones from the hypothalamus?

  • They tell the pituitary what to release into the blood (correct)
  • They directly stimulate the target tissues
  • They inhibit the production of trophic hormones
  • They regulate the growth of peripheral glands

    • What can be a cause of endocrine disorders?

  • Psychological stress
  • Genetic mutations
  • Infectious (viral/bacterial infections) (correct)
  • Environmental pollution

    • What is the primary function of T3?

  • Stimulates metabolism (correct)
  • Inhibits cardiovascular function
  • Regulates body temperature
  • Stimulates protein synthesis

    • What happens in case of thyroid insufficiency due to lack of iodine?

    <p>TSH continues to be made</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of thyroid hormone on cardiovascular function?

    <p>Increases cardiovascular function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of TSH?

    <p>Stimulates the thyroid gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of T4 in the body?

    <p>It is inactive until converted into T3 in the tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of trophic hormones from the pituitary?

    <p>They tell specific peripheral glands to grow and produce their hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of growth hormone?

    <p>Stimulates growth and cell reproduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of hyposecretion of hormone-producing glands?

    <p>Reduced production of specific hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of T3 on protein synthesis?

    <p>Increases protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of hypersecretion in the hypothalamus/pituitary axis?

    <p>Excessive release of trophic hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is essential for brain development and growth in children?

    <p>Thyroid hormone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of acquired hypothyroidism?

    <p>Hashimoto thyroiditis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the manifestations of hyperthyroidism?

    <p>Weight loss, despite large appetite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone is secreted by the pituitary tumor in a patient showing signs of hyperthyroidism?

    <p>Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for plasma calcium level?

    <p>8.5–10.5 mg/dL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does parathyroid hormone (PTH) do to calcium levels?

    <p>Raises calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the manifestations of hypoparathyroidism?

    <p>Tetany and muscle cramps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may cause primary hyperparathyroidism?

    <p>Hyperplasia of the parathyroid gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of secondary hyperparathyroidism?

    <p>Renal failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may chronic bone resorption in hyperparathyroidism lead to?

    <p>Pathologic fractures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a manifestation of hyperthyroidism in a patient who has lost weight and complains of being hot all the time, with tachycardia and exophthalmos?

    <p>Increased O2 consumption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of extracellular parathyroid hormone (PTH) on nerve and muscle cells?

    <p>Blocks Na+ gates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of trophic hormones from the pituitary?

    <p>Stimulate specific peripheral glands to grow and produce their hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of hypersecretion in the hypothalamus/pituitary axis?

    <p>Excessive hormone production in the target tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of T3 on metabolism?

    <p>Stimulates metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may chronic bone resorption in hyperparathyroidism lead to?

    <p>Osteoporosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of hyposecretion of hormone-producing glands?

    <p>Reduced production of specific hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone is essential for brain development and growth in children?

    <p>Thyroid hormone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does parathyroid hormone (PTH) do to calcium levels?

    <p>Increases calcium levels in the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of T3?

    <p>Stimulates metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of releasing hormones from the hypothalamus?

    <p>Tell the pituitary what to release into the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of ACTH?

    <p>Stimulates the adrenal cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of TSH on the thyroid?

    <p>Stimulates the thyroid to produce T3 and T4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for plasma calcium level?

    <p>8.5-10.5 mg/dL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

    <p>Enhancing renal reabsorption of Ca2+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may cause hypoparathyroidism?

    <p>Congenital absence of the parathyroid gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of acquired hypothyroidism?

    <p>Hashimoto thyroiditis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary manifestation of hyperparathyroidism?

    <p>Hypercalcemia and increased calcium in urine filtrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of TSH on the thyroid gland?

    <p>Stimulating thyroid hormone production and release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of trophic hormones from the pituitary?

    <p>Stimulate growth and development of target glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of primary hyperparathyroidism?

    <p>Hypercalcemia and kidney stone formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of extracellular parathyroid hormone (PTH) on nerve and muscle cells?

    <p>Blocks Na+ gates in nerve and muscle cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of hypersecretion in the hypothalamus/pituitary axis?

    <p>Excessive hormone production in target glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of T3 in the body?

    <p>Regulating metabolic rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in the intracellular environment?

    <p>Acts as a second messenger in hormone pathways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of T4 in the body?

    <p>Promoting Na+ retention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of trophic hormones from the pituitary?

    <p>Stimulate growth of specific peripheral glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of extracellular parathyroid hormone (PTH) on nerve and muscle cells?

    <p>Increases calcium release from the cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of primary hyperparathyroidism?

    <p>Increased calcium levels in the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of T3?

    <p>Stimulates metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of hypersecretion in the hypothalamus/pituitary axis?

    <p>Disruption of hormonal feedback mechanisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of TSH?

    <p>Control thyroid hormone release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may chronic bone resorption in hyperparathyroidism lead to?

    <p>Osteoporosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone is essential for brain development and growth in children?

    <p>Thyroid hormone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens in case of thyroid insufficiency due to lack of iodine?

    <p>T3 and T4 are not made</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a cause of endocrine disorders?

    <p>Viral or bacterial infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of growth hormone?

    <p>Promote growth and development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of T4 in the body?

    <p>Increases metabolic rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of acquired hypothyroidism?

    <p>Autoimmune destruction of the thyroid gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone is essential for brain development and growth in children?

    <p>Thyroid hormone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does parathyroid hormone (PTH) do to calcium levels?

    <p>Raises plasma calcium levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary manifestation of hyperparathyroidism?

    <p>Hypercalcemia and increased calcium in urine filtrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of extracellular parathyroid hormone (PTH) on nerve and muscle cells?

    <p>Blocks Na+ gates in nerve and muscle cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of TSH on the thyroid gland?

    <p>Stimulates the thyroid gland to produce T3 and T4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone is being secreted by the pituitary tumor in a patient showing signs of hyperthyroidism?

    <p>Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for plasma calcium level?

    <p>8.5–10.5 mg/dL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of hypersecretion in the hypothalamus/pituitary axis?

    <p>Overstimulation of target glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of trophic hormones from the pituitary?

    <p>Stimulate the growth and function of other endocrine glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may cause primary hyperparathyroidism?

    <p>Hyperplasia of the parathyroid gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of T3 on metabolism?

    <p>Increases metabolic rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

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