Podcast
Questions and Answers
A patient presents with fatigue, weight loss, and increased skin pigmentation. Initial lab results show hyponatremia and hyperkalemia. Which endocrine disorder is MOST consistent with these findings?
A patient presents with fatigue, weight loss, and increased skin pigmentation. Initial lab results show hyponatremia and hyperkalemia. Which endocrine disorder is MOST consistent with these findings?
- Diabetes insipidus
- Addison's disease (correct)
- Acromegaly
- Cushing's syndrome
A patient with known diabetes insipidus is prescribed desmopressin (DDAVP). What therapeutic outcome indicates that the medication is effective?
A patient with known diabetes insipidus is prescribed desmopressin (DDAVP). What therapeutic outcome indicates that the medication is effective?
- Elevated serum osmolarity
- Increased urine specific gravity (correct)
- Reduced thirst
- Decreased blood pressure
Post-hypophysectomy, a patient exhibits symptoms of diabetes insipidus. Which physiological disturbance is the MOST likely cause of this condition?
Post-hypophysectomy, a patient exhibits symptoms of diabetes insipidus. Which physiological disturbance is the MOST likely cause of this condition?
- Impaired ADH secretion (correct)
- Excessive ADH secretion
- Deficiency of insulin production
- Increased sodium retention
A patient undergoing treatment for Cushing's syndrome is at risk for protein wasting due to excessive cortisol levels. Which nursing intervention is MOST important to implement to address this risk?
A patient undergoing treatment for Cushing's syndrome is at risk for protein wasting due to excessive cortisol levels. Which nursing intervention is MOST important to implement to address this risk?
Following surgical removal of a testicular tumor and subsequent chemotherapy, what information should the nurse emphasize when teaching the patient about potential long-term complications?
Following surgical removal of a testicular tumor and subsequent chemotherapy, what information should the nurse emphasize when teaching the patient about potential long-term complications?
Flashcards
Addison's Disease
Addison's Disease
A disease resulting from adrenal gland hypofunction, leading to weakness, fatigue, weight loss, and skin hyperpigmentation.
Hypophysectomy
Hypophysectomy
Pituitary gland removal, often done to treat hormone-related conditions.
Diabetes Insipidus
Diabetes Insipidus
A condition of excessive fluid loss due to ADH deficiency, leading to frequent urination and dehydration.
Water Deprivation Test
Water Deprivation Test
Signup and view all the flashcards
Cushing's Syndrome Manifestations
Cushing's Syndrome Manifestations
Signup and view all the flashcards
Study Notes
- Addison's Disease primary features include progressive weakness, fatigue, anorexia, weight loss, skin hyperpigmentation, orthostatic hypotension, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, irritability, depression, and low blood pressure.
- Hypophysectomy involves the removal of the pituitary gland.
- Low blood pressure may be indicative of diabetes insipidus.
- Diabetes insipidus results in fluid deficit and fluid loss.
- Management for hypoglycemia involves administering 5% dextrose and glucagon.
- A1C test checks if a diabetes patient is compliant with their medication.
- Hypoglycemia in the range of 38-30 mg/dL is dangerous and can cause neurological damage.
- High serum osmolarity is characteristic of Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Nonketotic Syndrome (HHNK), indicating a high dehydration rate.
- Testicular cancer treatment includes radiation, chemotherapy, and surgery, teach self examination, and awareness that treatment can destroy sperm.
- Long-term management focuses on addressing complications from type 2 diabetes.
- Adrenal deficiency treatment involves restoring circulation and managing fluids.
- Diabetes insipidus and diabetes mellitus are distinct and unrelated conditions.
- SIADH (Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone) is characterized by low serum osmolarity.
- Non-pharmaceutical interventions for diabetes include diet and exercise.
- High blood pressure warrants further testing and diagnosis to identify the underlying issue.
Acromegaly
-
A key assessment finding in acromegaly is a deeply voice, due to overproduction of growth hormone.
-
Water deprivation test is used to diagnose diabetes insipidus.
-
Declomycin is used for SIADH.
-
Desmopressin (DDAVP) is used in diabetes insipidus as a hormone replacement for ADH.
-
Fatigue is a clinical manifestation of SIADH.
-
There is a risk of adrenal deficiency following surgery.
Cushing's Syndrome Clinical Manifestions
- Protein wasting and catabolic effects of cortisol lead to weakness, especially in extremities.
- Protein loss in bones results in osteoporosis, bone and back pain.
- Loss of collagen delays wound healing.
- Mood disturbances, insomnia, irrationality, and psychosis may occur.
- Mineralocorticoid excess can cause hypertension secondary to fluid retention.
- Adrenal androgen excess may cause pronounced acne, virilization in women, and feminization in men often seen in adrenal carcinomas.
- Women may experience menstrual disorders and hirsutism.
- Men may experience gynecomastia and impotence.
- Purplish red striae may appear on the abdomen, breast, or buttocks.
- Adrenal gland hypofunction is associated with Addison's syndrome, while hyperfunction is associated with Cushing's syndrome.
- Hypoglycemia management includes administering 5% dextrose IV or glucagon if IV access is unavailable, along with medications.
- High serum osmolarity in HHNK signifies dehydration.
- Teaching self examination, is important for Testicular cancer patients, and to understand medications can destroy sperm.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
