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Questions and Answers
What occurs in Step 1 of Endochondral Ossification?
What occurs in Step 1 of Endochondral Ossification?
- Epiphysis centers calcify
- Osteoclasts create medullary cavity
- Blood vessels grow into perichondrium; cells convert to osteoblasts
- Cartilage enlarges; Chondrocytes die (correct)
What happens in Step 2 of Endochondral Ossification?
What happens in Step 2 of Endochondral Ossification?
- More blood supply and osteoblasts produced spongy bone
- Cartilage enlarges; Chondrocytes die
- Epiphysis filled with spongy bone
- Blood vessels grow into the perichondrium and cells convert to osteoblasts (correct)
What characterizes Step 3 of Endochondral Ossification?
What characterizes Step 3 of Endochondral Ossification?
- Cartilage remains at joints
- Osteoclasts create the medullary cavity
- Epiphysis centers calcify
- More blood supply and osteoblasts produce spongy bone (correct)
What happens during Step 4 of Endochondral Ossification?
What happens during Step 4 of Endochondral Ossification?
What defines Step 5 of Endochondral Ossification?
What defines Step 5 of Endochondral Ossification?
What occurs in Step 6 of Endochondral Ossification?
What occurs in Step 6 of Endochondral Ossification?
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Study Notes
Steps of Endochondral Ossification
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Step 1: Cartilage undergoes enlargement; Chondrocytes, the cells within cartilage, undergo apoptosis (die off).
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Step 2: Blood vessels penetrate the perichondrium (tissue surrounding cartilage); mesenchymal cells differentiate into osteoblasts, leading to the development of a bony layer around the shaft.
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Step 3: Increased blood supply and osteoblast activity lead to the production of spongy bone; this formation expands along the shaft of the developing bone.
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Step 4: Osteoclasts (cells that break down bone) create the medullary cavity (internal cavity of the bone); this process is accompanied by appositional growth, thickening the bone.
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Step 5: Centers of ossification develop in the epiphysis (end parts of the bone) leading to calcification; migration of blood vessels and osteoblasts occurs, establishing secondary ossification centers.
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Step 6: The epiphysis is filled with spongy bone; hyaline cartilage is retained at the joints; an epiphyseal plate (growth plate) remains in the metaphysis, allowing for further lengthening of the bone during growth.
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