End of Term Integrated Science Exam - Form Three

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a benefit of using ladybugs for controlling aphid populations?

  • They require chemical pesticides to thrive.
  • They reproduce quickly. (correct)
  • They can harm beneficial plants.
  • They consume only a specific type of pest.

Mechanical pest control methods include the use of traps and barriers.

True (A)

What process is primarily responsible for the movement of water from the roots to the leaves of a plant?

  • Cohesion
  • Photosynthesis
  • Transpiration (correct)
  • Respiration

What is the primary pest control method used when ladybugs are introduced to a garden?

<p>Biological pest control</p> Signup and view all the answers

Adhesion helps in the movement of water in plants by allowing water molecules to stick to the walls of xylem vessels.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sandy soils are known for their __________ water retention characteristics.

<p>low</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of cohesion in water transport in plants?

<p>Cohesion allows water molecules to stick together, facilitating the continuous column of water in the xylem.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the flower part with its function:

<p>Filament = Holds up the anther Petal = Attract Pollinators Stigma = The sticky part of the flower that collects pollen Pistil = The ovule producing part of the flower</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy is called ______.

<p>photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best defines respiration in plants?

<p>The breakdown of glucose to release energy. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about clay soil compared to sandy soil?

<p>Clay soil retains more water. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Give two examples of mechanical pest control methods.

<p>Traps and barriers</p> Signup and view all the answers

Both photosynthesis and respiration occur in the chloroplasts of plant cells.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the process with its definition:

<p>Cohesion = Attraction between water molecules Transpiration = Evaporation of water from plant leaves Photosynthesis = Conversion of light energy to chemical energy Respiration = Breakdown of glucose to release energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

Clay soil retains __________ water compared to sandy soil.

<p>more</p> Signup and view all the answers

In biological pest control, natural enemies are used to manage ______ populations.

<p>pest</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do plants primarily move water from their roots to their leaves?

<p>Via transpiration pull (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Xylem's role in plants is to absorb sunlight.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called when water evaporates from the leaves, creating a pull to move water upward?

<p>Transpiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

The function of stomata in plants is to control water _____.

<p>loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which word equation correctly describes aerobic respiration?

<p>Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a byproduct of respiration?

<p>Carbon Dioxide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following plant pests to their classifications:

<p>Ladybug = Beneficial insect Rust = Fungal plant pest Grasshopper = Insect pest Earthworm = Soil aerator</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can be an environmental effect of chemical plant control methods?

<p>Water contamination (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Ladybug Pest Control Benefits

Using ladybugs to control aphids in gardens can reduce reliance on harmful chemicals, and promote natural pest control methods. Ladybugs are predators of aphids, efficiently reducing aphid numbers.

Ladybug Pest Control Risks

Ladybugs might not be effective if aphid populations are extremely high. They might not stay in the garden long enough to effectively control the aphid population; require additional steps to ensure the ladybugs stay and reproduce. You also need to ensure the ladybugs used are not contaminated with disease or other harmful substances.

Pest Control Method (Ladybug)

Biological pest control using natural predators to control pests. In this case, ladybugs are used to control aphids.

Mechanical Pest Control

Methods of pest control that don't involve chemicals. Instead, they employ physical barriers, trapping, or removal.

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Mechanical Pest Control Examples

Examples include hand picking pests, using row covers, and traps. These methods are often preferred over chemical methods because they're less harmful to the environment and human health.

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Sandy Soil Characteristics

Sandy soils are characterized by large particles, low water retention, good drainage, and poor nutrient content.

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Clay Soil vs. Water Retention

Clay soil retains water very well, whereas sandy soil drains quickly.

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Flower Filament Function

The filament supports the anther, which holds the pollen.

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Flower Petal Function

Petals attract pollinators to the flower to facilitate reproduction.

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Flower Stigma Function

The sticky part of the flower that receives and collects pollen.

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Flower Pistil Function

The female reproductive part of the flower, including the stigma, style, and ovary, responsible for ovule production.

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Water movement in plants

Water is primarily transported from roots to leaves via transpiration pull.

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Xylem's role

The xylem is responsible for transporting water from roots to leaves.

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Transpiration pull

The upward movement of water in plants due to evaporation of water from leaves.

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Stomata function

Stomata control water loss in plants by opening and closing.

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Aerobic Respiration

Process where glucose and oxygen produce energy, carbon dioxide, and water.

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Respiration byproduct

Carbon dioxide is a byproduct of respiration.

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Plant Pest Example

An insect that harms plants is considered a plant pest (e.g., a certain type of beetle).

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Chemical control effects

Chemical plant control methods can sometimes lead to water contamination.

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Fungal Plant Pest Example

Rust is an example of a fungal plant pest.

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Plant Water Transport

The process where plants move water from roots to leaves, relying on cohesion, adhesion, and transpiration.

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Cohesion

Attraction between water molecules.

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Adhesion

Attraction between water molecules & other surfaces.

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Transpiration

Water loss from leaves through stomata.

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Celery Experiment

A method to visualize water transport in plants.

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Respiration

A process where organisms break down food for energy.

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Photosynthesis

Process plants use to make sugars from sunlight.

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Study Notes

End of Term Examination - Form Three Integrated Science

  • Exam Duration: 1 hour and 30 minutes
  • Exam Structure: Three sections
    • Section One: 20 multiple choice questions (1 mark each)
    • Section Two: 11 structured questions
    • Section Three: Two options; answer all questions in this section

Section One - Multiple Choice

  • Question 1: Which structure transports water and minerals in plants? (Xylem)
  • Question 2: What is the main function of phloem? (Transport of sugars and nutrients)
  • Question 3: Primary gas used by humans in cellular respiration? (Oxygen)
  • Question 4: Part of the cell responsible for ATP production in aerobic respiration? (Mitochondria)
  • Question 5: Byproduct of anaerobic respiration in yeast cells? (Ethanol and Carbon Dioxide)
  • Question 6: Primary function of photosynthesis in plants? (Convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose)
  • Question 7: Word equation for photosynthesis? (Carbon dioxide + Water + Light energy --> Glucose + Oxygen)
  • Question 8: Pigment primarily responsible for absorbing light energy during photosynthesis? (Chlorophyll)
  • Question 9: Why do we boil a leaf in water before testing for starch? (To remove chlorophyll and soften the leaf)
  • Question 10: Reagent to test for starch in a leaf? (Iodine solution)
  • Question 11: What color indicates the presence of starch when using iodine solution? (Blue-black)
  • Question 12: How do plants mainly transport water from roots to leaves? (Transpiration pull)
  • Question 13: What role does the xylem play in water movement? (Transports water from roots to leaves)
  • Question 14: Process where water evaporates from leaves, creating the pull for water movement? (Transpiration)
  • Question 15: Function of stomata in water movement? (Control water loss by regulating gaseous exchange)
  • Question 16: Word equation for aerobic respiration? (Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy)
  • Question 17: Byproduct of respiration? (Carbon Dioxide)
  • Question 18: Example of an insect considered a plant pest? (Earthworm)
  • Question 19: Example of an environmental effect of chemical plant control methods? (Water contamination)
  • Question 20: Example of a fungal plant pest? (Rust)

Section Two - Structured Questions

  • Question 1: Diagram analysis related to soil type determination
  • Question 2: Chlorophyll location and importance
  • Question 3: Water transport in plants (cohesion, adhesion, transpiration)
  • Question 4: Effectiveness of using a celery stalk and food coloring experiment. Also, strengths and limitations
  • Question 5: Define respiration
  • Question 6: Define photosynthesis
  • Question 7: Interdependence of respiration and photosynthesis
  • Question 8: Benefits and risks of using ladybugs as pest control
  • Question 9: Mechanical pest control methods and their strengths/weaknesses over chemical methods
  • Question 10: Three characteristics of sandy soil
  • Question 11: Two ways clay soil differs from sandy soil in water retention

Section Three - Choose One Question

  • Question 1: Flower parts and their functions
  • Question 2: Plant part that produces pollen grains OR What is the main function of chloroplast?
  • Question 3: Soil types and characteristics

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