Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is one of the rights patients have regarding their treatment?
What is one of the rights patients have regarding their treatment?
- The right to demand any treatment regardless of medical advice
- The right to be treated only by specific healthcare providers
- The right to refuse treatment that leads to their death (correct)
- The right to receive treatment even if deemed futile
Which document serves as a person's decision-maker when they lose capacity?
Which document serves as a person's decision-maker when they lose capacity?
- A power of attorney document
- A hospital consent form
- A living will
- An advance health directive (AHD) (correct)
What is required before making a decision to withdraw life-sustaining treatment?
What is required before making a decision to withdraw life-sustaining treatment?
- Providing a rationale based on emotional arguments
- Following the wishes of the healthcare team
- Documenting the decision-making pathway (correct)
- Obtaining consent from all family members
In which situation is it acceptable to make unilateral decisions regarding life-sustaining treatment?
In which situation is it acceptable to make unilateral decisions regarding life-sustaining treatment?
What ethical guideline is mentioned regarding the provision of treatment?
What ethical guideline is mentioned regarding the provision of treatment?
What is emphasized as essential in end-of-life care according to the session's aim?
What is emphasized as essential in end-of-life care according to the session's aim?
What challenges are highlighted in the context of discussing death and treatment options?
What challenges are highlighted in the context of discussing death and treatment options?
Which aspect is NOT mentioned as a factor that influences healthcare decisions regarding life and death?
Which aspect is NOT mentioned as a factor that influences healthcare decisions regarding life and death?
What is one of the goals related to end-of-life care practices mentioned in the content?
What is one of the goals related to end-of-life care practices mentioned in the content?
What commitment does the University of Queensland make in its approach to workplace culture?
What commitment does the University of Queensland make in its approach to workplace culture?
Which of the following is a component of showcasing kindness and compassion in clinical encounters?
Which of the following is a component of showcasing kindness and compassion in clinical encounters?
What does UQ acknowledge in relation to the Traditional Owners of the land?
What does UQ acknowledge in relation to the Traditional Owners of the land?
What is a key understanding to be developed in relation to patient values and healthcare?
What is a key understanding to be developed in relation to patient values and healthcare?
What is the primary function of an acute resuscitation plan?
What is the primary function of an acute resuscitation plan?
Who has the authority to make decisions if an adult has an Advanced Health Directive (AHD)?
Who has the authority to make decisions if an adult has an Advanced Health Directive (AHD)?
What happens if there is no Advanced Health Directive or appointed guardian for an adult?
What happens if there is no Advanced Health Directive or appointed guardian for an adult?
What condition must be met for a consent to withdraw life-sustaining measures to be valid?
What condition must be met for a consent to withdraw life-sustaining measures to be valid?
What is the legal status of common law directives in Queensland?
What is the legal status of common law directives in Queensland?
What is the primary focus in healthcare when it comes to end of life decision-making?
What is the primary focus in healthcare when it comes to end of life decision-making?
In the context of beneficence, what factors should be considered to determine what is in the patient's best interests?
In the context of beneficence, what factors should be considered to determine what is in the patient's best interests?
What could be a consequence of not following a patient's wishes at the end of life?
What could be a consequence of not following a patient's wishes at the end of life?
What should be evaluated to confirm if a patient has decision-making capacity?
What should be evaluated to confirm if a patient has decision-making capacity?
In situations where a patient's wishes are not known, what is a critical factor in determining their best interests?
In situations where a patient's wishes are not known, what is a critical factor in determining their best interests?
Which ethical principle considers the act of ensuring that no harm comes to the patient during end of life care?
Which ethical principle considers the act of ensuring that no harm comes to the patient during end of life care?
What might be a reason for a patient to prioritize dying with dignity in their end of life care?
What might be a reason for a patient to prioritize dying with dignity in their end of life care?
When making end of life decisions for an incapacitated patient, what should be the primary consideration?
When making end of life decisions for an incapacitated patient, what should be the primary consideration?
Which of the following is NOT considered a life sustaining measure?
Which of the following is NOT considered a life sustaining measure?
What is required for an Advance Health Directive (AHD) to be legally recognized under guardianship laws?
What is required for an Advance Health Directive (AHD) to be legally recognized under guardianship laws?
Which factor is NOT considered when making urgent decisions regarding patient treatment?
Which factor is NOT considered when making urgent decisions regarding patient treatment?
What is the main purpose of a Statement of Choices?
What is the main purpose of a Statement of Choices?
Who must sign and date the Advance Health Directive in order for it to be valid?
Who must sign and date the Advance Health Directive in order for it to be valid?
Which of the following statements about Advance Health Directives is true?
Which of the following statements about Advance Health Directives is true?
Which component is NOT necessary for making an Advance Health Directive?
Which component is NOT necessary for making an Advance Health Directive?
What happens if a person does not have the capacity to make healthcare decisions?
What happens if a person does not have the capacity to make healthcare decisions?
Flashcards
Right to Refuse Treatment
Right to Refuse Treatment
Patients have the right to refuse treatment that may lead to their death.
Advance Health Directive (AHD)
Advance Health Directive (AHD)
A document that outlines a person's wishes for medical treatment if they lose capacity.
Withdrawal of Life-Sustaining Treatment
Withdrawal of Life-Sustaining Treatment
Documenting decision-making is required before withdrawing life-support.
Emergency Decisions in Healthcare
Emergency Decisions in Healthcare
Unilateral decisions can be made in emergencies without consent.
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Futile Treatment
Futile Treatment
There is no obligation to provide treatment that offers no benefit.
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Empathy in End-of-Life Care
Empathy in End-of-Life Care
Empathy is essential in providing compassionate end-of-life care.
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Barriers to Discussing Death
Barriers to Discussing Death
Fear and avoidance are common barriers in discussions about death and treatment options.
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Influences on Healthcare Decisions
Influences on Healthcare Decisions
Family income level is NOT considered a factor impacting healthcare decisions.
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Goals of End-of-Life Care
Goals of End-of-Life Care
One goal is to understand futile treatments and their implications.
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Cultural Safety Commitment
Cultural Safety Commitment
The University of Queensland commits to enhancing cultural safety in its workplace culture.
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Demonstrating Kindness in Care
Demonstrating Kindness in Care
Showing empathy is essential in clinical encounters to demonstrate kindness.
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Respecting Patient Values
Respecting Patient Values
Healthcare should respect diverse patient values and beliefs.
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Acute Resuscitation Plan
Acute Resuscitation Plan
Outlines procedures for foreseeable acute events requiring resuscitation.
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Authority of Advanced Health Directive
Authority of Advanced Health Directive
The appointed attorney under AHD makes decisions if the patient is incapacitated.
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Statutory Health Attorney
Statutory Health Attorney
Makes decisions when there’s no AHD or guardian in place.
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Consent for Withdrawing Treatment
Consent for Withdrawing Treatment
Consent to withdraw treatment must align with good medical practice.
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Common Law Directives in Queensland
Common Law Directives in Queensland
Non-binding directives that offer guidance but are not enforceable.
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Focus of End-of-Life Decision Making
Focus of End-of-Life Decision Making
The primary focus should be on patient autonomy in decisions.
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Beneficence Factors in Care
Beneficence Factors in Care
Consider personal values and cultural beliefs to act in the patient’s best interests.
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Consequence of Ignoring Patient's Wishes
Consequence of Ignoring Patient's Wishes
Not following a patient's end-of-life wishes can cause psychological distress.
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Evaluating Decision-Making Capacity
Evaluating Decision-Making Capacity
Check a patient's ability to understand information and make choices.
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Determining Best Interests when Unknown
Determining Best Interests when Unknown
Consider known patient values and preferences to decide what's best.
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Non-maleficence Principle
Non-maleficence Principle
Ensures that no harm comes to the patient in healthcare.
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Dying with Dignity
Dying with Dignity
A patient may prioritize dying with dignity due to cultural perspectives.
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End-of-Life Decisions for Incapacitated Patients
End-of-Life Decisions for Incapacitated Patients
Primary consideration should be the patient’s previously expressed wishes.
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Life-Sustaining Measure
Life-Sustaining Measure
A treatment that is NOT considered life-sustaining is a blood transfusion.
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Legally Recognized AHD Requirements
Legally Recognized AHD Requirements
Must be written, signed, and certified to be valid under guardianship laws.
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Urgent Decisions in Patient Treatment
Urgent Decisions in Patient Treatment
Family availability is NOT considered when making urgent healthcare decisions.
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Purpose of Statement of Choices
Purpose of Statement of Choices
Indicates a person’s wishes regarding end-of-life decisions.
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Advance Health Directive Validity
Advance Health Directive Validity
The patient and an eligible witness must sign and date it for validity.
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True Statements about AHD
True Statements about AHD
Advance Health Directives are activated when the individual loses decision-making capacity.
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Components of AHD
Components of AHD
A verbal agreement from family is NOT necessary for an Advance Health Directive.
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Activation of AHD
Activation of AHD
If a person lacks capacity, an Advance Health Directive is activated if available.
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End-of-Life Care Ethics and Law
- Autonomy is the right to self-determination. Patients have the right to choose how they want to die.
- Beneficence means acting in the patient's best interests. This includes their clinical, relational, cultural, economic, and personal values.
- Non-maleficence considers the harm of not following the patient’s wishes. This may include physical, psychological, or cultural harm.
- Justice ensures fairness and equality in access to end-of-life options. It also respects patient rights like having their wishes respected and being treated with dignity.
Legal and Ethical Considerations
- The Guardianship and Administration Act 2000 defines life-sustaining measures as interventions meant to sustain or prolong life that replace vital bodily functions. Examples include cardiopulmonary resuscitation, assisted ventilation, and artificial nutrition and hydration.
- Advance Care Planning allows individuals to express their wishes regarding end-of-life care, especially if they lose capacity.
- Advance Health Directives (AHDs) are legally recognized documents that guide medical decision-making. They must be written, signed by the individual with capacity or an "eligible signer," witnessed by an "eligible witness," and signed by a doctor.
- Statement of Choices is not legally binding but can guide discussions regarding end-of-life care.
- Common Law Directives are not legally binding in Queensland.
- Acute Resuscitation Plans are medical orders that specify treatment in case of acute events.
- The Guardianship Act outlines a hierarchy of decision-makers in the absence of an AHD or capacity: appointed guardians, attorneys, statutory health attorney, and health provider.
- A consent to withhold or withdraw life-sustaining treatment requires reasonable consideration of the "good medical practice" principle.
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