ENA Abdominal and GI Trauma Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

Based on the assessment findings of an intoxicated patient with a stab wound in the left lower chest, which abdominal injury should you suspect?

  • Intestinal injury
  • Diaphragmatic rupture (correct)
  • Splenic injury
  • Liver injury
  • Which membrane lines the abdominal wall?

  • Mesenteries
  • Parietal peritoneum (correct)
  • Visceral peritoneum
  • Pleura
  • Which laboratory test is considered the best indicator of a pancreatic injury?

  • Amylase level
  • Lipase level (correct)
  • White blood cell count
  • Hemoglobin level and hematocrit
  • A flat or concave abdomen may be a sign of which injury?

    <p>Ruptured diaphragm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ can be injured in a patient with a fracture of the right eighth rib?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diagnostic test can best detect a retroperitoneal injury?

    <p>Computed tomography scan of the abdomen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Injuries to which structure are diagnosed based on patient assessment and the presence of free air on abdominal radiography?

    <p>Stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of injury is most likely to initially cause a fever and an elevated white blood cell count?

    <p>Intestinal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a hypotensive patient with abdominal trauma, what is the best option for pain control?

    <p>Fentanyl (Sublimaze)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of injury is associated with pelvic fractures?

    <p>Bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For a hemodynamically stable patient who complains of abdominal and left shoulder pain after falling off a bicycle, which intervention is indicated?

    <p>Perform serial abdominal assessments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a patient who was in a motor vehicle crash, which sign most strongly suggests abdominal trauma?

    <p>Tachycardia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is considered a hollow abdominal organ?

    <p>Small intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During a complete abdominal assessment, the nurse should perform which action second?

    <p>Auscultation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diagnostic test is used to detect a foreign body?

    <p>Plain abdominal radiography</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For a patient with an evisceration, which intervention is indicated?

    <p>Cover the area with sterile, saline-soaked pads.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the genitourinary tract is the least commonly injured?

    <p>Ureters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ is an intraperitoneal structure?

    <p>Large intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a patient with a penetrating injury, why is it difficult to estimate the extent of tissue damage?

    <p>The wound tract can close in on itself.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A belted driver is least likely to sustain an abdominal injury in which type of impact in a motor vehicle crash?

    <p>Rear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common mechanism of injury that causes abdominal trauma?

    <p>Motor vehicle crash</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of injury requires early surgical treatment to prevent urethral stenosis?

    <p>Penile</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For a patient with a severe anterior pelvic fracture, which intervention should be deferred initially?

    <p>Insertion of a urinary catheter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is a disadvantage of a focused assessment sonography in trauma?

    <p>The test can rarely identify a hollow viscus injury.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Abscess formation is associated with which pathology?

    <p>Urethral foreign body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bruising over the right upper quadrant and referred pain to the right shoulder are manifestations of an injury to which organ?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of injury requires immediate surgery?

    <p>Gastric</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Periumbilical bruising is a sign of which injury?

    <p>Intraperitoneal hemorrhage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which solid organ is located in the retroperitoneal space?

    <p>Pancreas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Abdominal and GI Trauma Key Points

    • Intoxicated patients with stab wounds and difficulty breathing may have diaphragmatic rupture, indicated by bowel sounds in the chest and decreased breath sounds.
    • The abdominal wall is lined by the parietal peritoneum, which also has important implications for injury assessments.
    • Lipase level is the most reliable laboratory test for diagnosing pancreatic injuries compared to amylase or white blood cell counts.
    • A flat or concave abdomen can indicate a ruptured diaphragm, emphasizing the need for thorough assessment in trauma cases.
    • Fractures of the right eighth rib can potentially injure the liver due to anatomical proximity.
    • Computed tomography scans are the preferred diagnostic tests for retroperitoneal injuries.
    • The stomach is assessed for injury by noting free air on abdominal radiography.
    • Intestinal injuries are more likely to present with fever and elevated white blood cell counts.
    • Hypotensive patients with abdominal trauma can benefit from fentanyl for pain control due to its rapid onset.
    • Pelvic fractures are commonly associated with bladder injuries, necessitating prompt evaluation.
    • Hemodynamically stable patients displaying abdominal and left shoulder pain should undergo serial assessments to monitor changes.
    • Tachycardia is a critical sign suggesting abdominal trauma after a motor vehicle crash.
    • The small intestine is classified as a hollow organ, an important distinction in assessing organ integrity.
    • The abdominal assessment should start with inspection followed by auscultation for best practice.
    • Plain abdominal radiography is the standard diagnostic test for identifying foreign bodies.
    • In cases of evisceration, covering the area with sterile and saline-soaked pads is crucial to prevent contamination.
    • The ureters are the least commonly injured part of the genitourinary tract, requiring focused assessment during trauma evaluations.
    • The large intestine is categorized as an intraperitoneal organ, vital for understanding its role in trauma.
    • Penetrating injuries present challenges in estimating tissue damage due to the potential for wound tract closure.
    • Belted drivers in rear impacts are less likely to sustain abdominal injuries compared to other types of collisions.
    • Motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of abdominal trauma, highlighting the need for effective prevention strategies.
    • Immediate surgical treatment is critical for penile injuries to avoid complications such as urethral stenosis.
    • For severe anterior pelvic fractures, urinary catheter insertion should be postponed to prevent further complications.
    • A major limitation of focused assessment sonography in trauma is its inability to reliably detect hollow viscus injuries.
    • Urethral foreign bodies can lead to abscess formation, thus requiring careful management.
    • Right upper quadrant bruising and referred shoulder pain indicate possible liver injuries, necessitating urgent assessment.
    • Gastric injuries often require immediate surgical intervention due to the risk of serious complications.
    • Periumbilical bruising is indicative of intraperitoneal hemorrhage, serving as a warning sign in trauma assessments.
    • The pancreas is the primary solid organ located in the retroperitoneal space, critical for trauma consideration.

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    Test your knowledge on abdominal and gastrointestinal trauma with these flashcards designed for emergency nursing. Each flashcard presents a clinical scenario requiring critical thinking about potential injuries. Ideal for preparing for exams or enhancing your practical skills.

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