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Questions and Answers
Which of the following injuries did this patient likely NOT experience?
Which of the following injuries did this patient likely NOT experience?
What injury mechanism is MOST likely responsible for the 12-year-old male's back pain after jumping from a tree?
What injury mechanism is MOST likely responsible for the 12-year-old male's back pain after jumping from a tree?
According to the Association of Air Medical Services (AAMS), when should you consider air medical transport of a trauma patient?
According to the Association of Air Medical Services (AAMS), when should you consider air medical transport of a trauma patient?
Signs of a pulmonary blast injury include:
Signs of a pulmonary blast injury include:
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The cervical spine is MOST protected from whiplash-type injuries when the:
The cervical spine is MOST protected from whiplash-type injuries when the:
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What types of motor vehicle collisions present the greatest potential for multiple impacts?
What types of motor vehicle collisions present the greatest potential for multiple impacts?
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A driver involved in a rollover motor vehicle crash will MOST likely experience serious injuries or death if he or she:
A driver involved in a rollover motor vehicle crash will MOST likely experience serious injuries or death if he or she:
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During your assessment of a patient with a head injury, you note that he opens his eyes when you pinch his trapezius muscle, is mumbling, and has his arms curled in toward his chest. You should assign him a GCS score of:
During your assessment of a patient with a head injury, you note that he opens his eyes when you pinch his trapezius muscle, is mumbling, and has his arms curled in toward his chest. You should assign him a GCS score of:
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The driver of a sport utility vehicle lost control and struck a utility pole head-on. The treatment for the passenger should include:
The driver of a sport utility vehicle lost control and struck a utility pole head-on. The treatment for the passenger should include:
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The energy of a moving object is called:
The energy of a moving object is called:
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When a driver is in a car equipped with an air bag, but is not wearing a seatbelt, he or she will MOST likely strike the __________ when the air bag deploys upon impact.
When a driver is in a car equipped with an air bag, but is not wearing a seatbelt, he or she will MOST likely strike the __________ when the air bag deploys upon impact.
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While en route to a major motor vehicle crash, you should be MOST suspicious that the child has experienced:
While en route to a major motor vehicle crash, you should be MOST suspicious that the child has experienced:
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When assessing the interior of a crashed motor vehicle for damage, you are gathering information regarding the:
When assessing the interior of a crashed motor vehicle for damage, you are gathering information regarding the:
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Approximately 25% of severe injuries to the aorta occur during:
Approximately 25% of severe injuries to the aorta occur during:
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A young male sustained a gunshot wound to the abdomen. You should control the obvious bleeding and then:
A young male sustained a gunshot wound to the abdomen. You should control the obvious bleeding and then:
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Evaluation of the interior of a crashed motor vehicle during extrication will allow the EMT to:
Evaluation of the interior of a crashed motor vehicle during extrication will allow the EMT to:
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When treating a patient who experienced a pulmonary blast injury, you should:
When treating a patient who experienced a pulmonary blast injury, you should:
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A small compact car was involved in a rollover crash. What injury mechanism is MOST likely responsible for this patient's condition?
A small compact car was involved in a rollover crash. What injury mechanism is MOST likely responsible for this patient's condition?
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When a motor vehicle strikes a tree while traveling at 40 mph, the unrestrained occupant:
When a motor vehicle strikes a tree while traveling at 40 mph, the unrestrained occupant:
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Internal injuries caused by gunshot wounds are difficult to predict because:
Internal injuries caused by gunshot wounds are difficult to predict because:
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Which of the following would MOST likely occur as the direct result of the second collision in a motor vehicle crash?
Which of the following would MOST likely occur as the direct result of the second collision in a motor vehicle crash?
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If one or more occupants in the same vehicle are killed in a crash, the EMT should:
If one or more occupants in the same vehicle are killed in a crash, the EMT should:
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Which of the following statements regarding gunshot wounds is correct?
Which of the following statements regarding gunshot wounds is correct?
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Passengers who are seated in the rear of a vehicle and are wearing only lap belts have a higher incidence of injuries to the:
Passengers who are seated in the rear of a vehicle and are wearing only lap belts have a higher incidence of injuries to the:
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With regard to the three collisions that occur during a motor vehicle crash, which of the following statements regarding the first collision is correct?
With regard to the three collisions that occur during a motor vehicle crash, which of the following statements regarding the first collision is correct?
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When assessing a patient who experienced a blast injury, it is important to remember that:
When assessing a patient who experienced a blast injury, it is important to remember that:
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By what mechanism is a person injured when he or she falls from a significant height?
By what mechanism is a person injured when he or she falls from a significant height?
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Air bags are designed to:
Air bags are designed to:
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According to the American College of Surgeons, an adult trauma patient meets Level I criteria if he or she:
According to the American College of Surgeons, an adult trauma patient meets Level I criteria if he or she:
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Which of the following findings would be LEAST suggestive of the presence of high-energy trauma?
Which of the following findings would be LEAST suggestive of the presence of high-energy trauma?
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Your patient has a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 13, a systolic blood pressure of 80 mm Hg, and a respiratory rate of 8 breaths/min, his Revised Trauma Score (RTS) is:
Your patient has a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 13, a systolic blood pressure of 80 mm Hg, and a respiratory rate of 8 breaths/min, his Revised Trauma Score (RTS) is:
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Which of the following statements regarding low-energy penetrating injuries is correct?
Which of the following statements regarding low-energy penetrating injuries is correct?
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If a person is standing near a building that explodes, which of the following injuries would he or she MOST likely experience as a result of the pressure wave?
If a person is standing near a building that explodes, which of the following injuries would he or she MOST likely experience as a result of the pressure wave?
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The phenomenon of pressure waves emanating from the bullet, causing damage remote from its path, is known as:
The phenomenon of pressure waves emanating from the bullet, causing damage remote from its path, is known as:
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When the speed of a motor vehicle doubles, the amount of kinetic energy:
When the speed of a motor vehicle doubles, the amount of kinetic energy:
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When caring for an occupant inside a motor vehicle equipped with an air bag that did not deploy upon impact, it is MOST important to:
When caring for an occupant inside a motor vehicle equipped with an air bag that did not deploy upon impact, it is MOST important to:
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The index of suspicion is MOST accurately defined as:
The index of suspicion is MOST accurately defined as:
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Which of the following patients has experienced the MOST significant fall?
Which of the following patients has experienced the MOST significant fall?
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A 30-year-old male sustained a stab wound to the neck. During your assessment, you should be MOST alert for:
A 30-year-old male sustained a stab wound to the neck. During your assessment, you should be MOST alert for:
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A 15-year-old female was struck by a small car while riding her bicycle. In addition to managing airway, breathing, and circulation, it is MOST important for you to:
A 15-year-old female was struck by a small car while riding her bicycle. In addition to managing airway, breathing, and circulation, it is MOST important for you to:
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When evaluating the mechanism of injury of a car versus pedestrian collision, you should first:
When evaluating the mechanism of injury of a car versus pedestrian collision, you should first:
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Two of the MOST common mechanisms of injury for blunt trauma are:
Two of the MOST common mechanisms of injury for blunt trauma are:
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Force acting over a distance defines the concept of:
Force acting over a distance defines the concept of:
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When assessing an elderly patient who fell, it is important to remember that:
When assessing an elderly patient who fell, it is important to remember that:
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While assessing a young male who was struck in the chest with a steel pipe, you note that his pulse is irregular. You should be MOST suspicious for:
While assessing a young male who was struck in the chest with a steel pipe, you note that his pulse is irregular. You should be MOST suspicious for:
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Which of the following interventions is the MOST critical to the outcome of a patient with multisystem trauma?
Which of the following interventions is the MOST critical to the outcome of a patient with multisystem trauma?
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Which of the following injuries would MOST likely occur as a direct result of the third collision in a motor vehicle crash?
Which of the following injuries would MOST likely occur as a direct result of the third collision in a motor vehicle crash?
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Factors that should be considered when assessing a patient who has fallen include all of the following, EXCEPT:
Factors that should be considered when assessing a patient who has fallen include all of the following, EXCEPT:
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In contrast to a Level III trauma center, a Level I trauma center must:
In contrast to a Level III trauma center, a Level I trauma center must:
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During your assessment of a patient who experienced a blast injury, you note that he has a depressed area to the front of his skull. This injury MOST likely occurred:
During your assessment of a patient who experienced a blast injury, you note that he has a depressed area to the front of his skull. This injury MOST likely occurred:
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Following a blunt injury to the head, a 22-year-old female is confused and complains of a severe headache and nausea. You should be MOST concerned with the possibility of:
Following a blunt injury to the head, a 22-year-old female is confused and complains of a severe headache and nausea. You should be MOST concerned with the possibility of:
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Study Notes
Pulmonary Blast Injury
- Signs include coughing up blood alongside potential rib fractures and irregular pulse.
Cervical Spine Protection
- The cervical spine is best protected from whiplash injuries with properly positioned headrests.
Motor Vehicle Collisions
- Rotational and rollover collisions pose the highest risk for multiple impacts.
Rollover Crash Injuries
- Ejection from the vehicle during a rollover crash significantly increases the risk of serious injury or death.
Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)
- A patient opening eyes to trapezius muscle pinch and mumbling receives a GCS score of 7.
Passenger Management in Vehicle Crashes
- Passengers with minor injuries but involved in serious crashes should be transported to a trauma center.
Kinetic Energy
- Defined as the energy possessed by a moving object.
Airbag Deployment Risks
- Drivers not wearing seatbelts are likely to strike the vehicle's door when airbags deploy.
Child Safety in Crashes
- Children only wearing lap belts in crashes with deployed airbags are at risk for neck and facial injuries.
Mechanism of Injury Assessment
- Evaluating the interior damage in a crashed vehicle aids in understanding the mechanism of injury.
Aorta Injury Incidence
- Approximately 25% of severe aorta injuries occur during lateral collisions.
Gunshot Wounds
- Assessing for exit wounds is crucial after a gunshot wound to the abdomen.
Evaluation During Extrication
- Assessing interior vehicle damage helps identify contact points and predict potential injuries.
Blast Injury Treatment
- For pulmonary blast injuries, avoid administering oxygen under positive pressure.
Compression Injuries
- Significant head compression against the vehicle’s roof during rollover crashes can lead to serious injuries.
Kinetic Energy and Motion
- An unrestrained occupant in a crash continues in motion until acted upon by an external force, highlighting the effects of kinetic energy.
Internal Injuries from Gunshots
- The unpredictable nature of internal injuries stems from bullets potentially tumbling or ricocheting in the body.
Direct Injury from Collisions
- Deformed steering wheels in crashes are indicative of injuries sustained during the second collision.
Trauma Assessment
- EMTs should suspect that all occupants in a vehicle involved in a fatal crash have experienced serious trauma.
Bullet Impact on Injury Severity
- The speed of a bullet significantly affects the severity of injuries, more so than the bullet size.
Rear Seat Injuries
- Passengers in the rear wearing only lap belts commonly sustain thoracic and lumbar spine injuries.
First Collision Dynamics
- The first collision in a crash is dramatic and can complicate extrication efforts.
Blast Injury Phases
- Primary blast injuries are often the most overlooked during assessments.
Height Fall Injury Mechanism
- Falling from significant heights involves the conversion of potential energy to kinetic energy and its subsequent impact.
Importance of Airbags
- Airbags are designed to reduce the severity of deceleration injuries in crashes.
Trauma Level Criteria
- Adults with a GCS ≤ 8 due to trauma meet Level I trauma criteria.
Signs of High-Energy Trauma
- Deployment of airbags does not suggest high-energy trauma compared to steering wheel deformity or vehicle intrusion.
Revised Trauma Score (RTS)
- A patient with a GCS of 13, low blood pressure, and slow respiratory rate has an RTS of 9.
Low-Energy Penetrating Injury Characteristics
- Injuries from low-energy bullets are usually close in proximity to their path.
Pressure Wave Injuries
- Individuals near an explosion commonly experience stomach ruptures due to the effects of pressure waves.
Cavitation Defined
- The phenomenon of cavitation refers to pressure waves from a bullet creating damage beyond its impact path.
Kinetic Energy and Speed
- When a vehicle's speed doubles, its kinetic energy quadruples.
Airbag Safety Precautions
- Awareness is crucial for EMTs regarding potential airbag deployment dangers, even when airbags did not deploy at impact.
Index of Suspicion
- It reflects the concern for potentially severe underlying injuries in trauma patients.
Significant Falls
- The injury assessment for falls should be based on the patient's height and the distance fallen, not solely on fall speed.
Neck Stab Wounds
- After a neck stab wound, monitor for potential airway compromise and damage to internal structures.
Bicycle Accident Management
- Stabilizing the spine is crucial alongside airway, breathing, and circulation management in bicycle-related injuries.
Pedestrian Collision Investigations
- Evaluate the speed of the vehicle striking a pedestrian as the primary assessment step.
Common Blunt Trauma Mechanisms
- Falls and motor vehicle collisions are the two predominant causes of blunt trauma injuries.
Work as a Concept
- Work is defined as force acting over a distance, relevant in injury dynamics.
Elderly Fall Considerations
- Osteoporosis increases the likelihood of fractures and may cause falls in elderly patients.
Irregular Pulse after Chest Trauma
- In cases of chest trauma, irregular pulses are often indicative of heart muscle bruising.
Multisystem Trauma Response
- Rapid transport to a trauma center is critical for patients suffering multisystem trauma.
Third Collision Consequences
- Aortic ruptures are anticipated injuries resulting from the third collision in a car crash.
Factors in Fall Assessment
- Speed of the fall does not influence the assessment of injury potential; height, surface struck, and primary impact point are key.
Trauma Center Levels
- Level I trauma centers are distinguishable by the availability of general surgeons on-site 24/7.
Tertiary Phase Injuries in Blast Cases
- Depressed skull injuries often occur as a direct result of the tertiary phase in blast injuries.
Intracranial Bleeding Concerns
- After blunt head injuries, symptoms like confusion and headaches indicate possible intracranial bleeding.
Chest Impact Suffering
- A patient in a crash who impacts the steering wheel likely did not sustain a head injury but could have various other serious injuries.
Energy Mechanism from Falls
- Upon jumping and landing, energy transmission to the spine is the mechanism likely causing pain in the lower back.
Air Medical Transport Consideration
- Consider air transport for trauma patients if ground transport is impeded, affecting timeliness to trauma centers.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge on EMTB Chapter 22 with these flashcard questions. This quiz covers pulmonary blast injuries and the cervical spine's protection during impacts. Perfect for reinforcing key concepts and preparing for exams.
