Gastric Distention EMT Chapter 10 Quiz & Flashcards

Questions and Answers

All of the following will help minimize the risk of gastric distention when ventilating an apneic patient with a bag-valve mask, EXCEPT:

Ensuring the appropriate airway position.

Ventilating the patient at the appropriate rate.

Delivering each breath over 1 second.

Increasing the amount of delivered tidal volume. (correct)

How does positive-pressure ventilation affect cardiac output?

It causes pressure in the chest to decrease, which increases stroke volume and cardiac output.

It decreases intrathoracic pressure, which facilitates venous return to the heart and increases cardiac output.

It increases intrathoracic pressure, which decreases venous return to the heart and causes a decrease in cardiac output. (correct)

There is no effect on cardiac output because positive-pressure ventilation is the act of normal breathing.

What cartilage forms the inferior part of the larynx?

cricoid

Which of the following would NOT cause a decrease in tidal volume?

Deep respirations Signup and view all the answers

The purpose of the pin-indexing system for compressed gas cylinders is to:

Ensure that the correct regulator is used for the cylinder. Signup and view all the answers

The actual exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs in the:

Alveolar sacs. Signup and view all the answers

The jaw-thrust maneuver is used to open the airway of patients with suspected:

Cervical spine injuries. Signup and view all the answers

You and your partner are treating a 66-year-old man who experienced a sudden onset of respiratory distress. What should you do?

Assist his ventilations with a bag-valve mask. Signup and view all the answers

If ventilation is impaired, carbon dioxide levels in the bloodstream will increase. This condition is called:

Hypercarbia. Signup and view all the answers

You have inserted an oral airway and are ventilating an apneic woman with a bag-valve mask. If she suddenly begins regurgitating large amounts of vomit, you should:

Roll her onto her side and remove the oral airway. Signup and view all the answers

In the presence of oxygen, the cells convert glucose into energy through a process called:

Aerobic metabolism. Signup and view all the answers

Oxygen toxicity is a condition in which:

Cellular tissue damage occurs from excessive oxygen levels in the blood. Signup and view all the answers

Tidal volume is defined as the volume of air that:

Moves into or out of the lungs in a single breath. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Ventilation and Airway Management

Gastric distention can be minimized when using a bag-valve mask by delivering breaths over 1 second, ensuring proper airway positioning, and ventilating at the appropriate rate. Avoid increasing tidal volume as it's counterproductive.
Positive-pressure ventilation increases intrathoracic pressure, which decreases venous return and subsequently cardiac output.
The cricoid cartilage forms the firm, inferior part of the larynx, playing a vital role in maintaining airway patency.

Respiratory Mechanics

Tidal volume decreases with shallow, irregular, or agonal breathing. Deep respirations are typically associated with increased tidal volume.
Oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange occur primarily in the alveolar sacs, critical for effective respiration.
The jaw-thrust maneuver is particularly important for patients with suspected cervical spine injuries, allowing for safe airway access without exacerbating potential neck injuries.

Patient Assessment and Treatment

In cases of severe respiratory distress with low oxygen saturation, assisting with a bag-valve mask is crucial for patient stabilization.
Impaired ventilation leads to increased carbon dioxide levels in the bloodstream, known as hypercarbia, which can have serious physiological effects.

Airway Management Techniques

In emergencies involving regurgitation during ventilation, rolling the patient onto their side and removing the oral airway is the safest course of action to clear the airway.
Aerobic metabolism is the process by which cells convert glucose into energy in the presence of oxygen, essential for sustaining cell function.
Oxygen toxicity results in cellular damage from excessive oxygen levels, emphasizing the need for controlled oxygen therapy.

Definitions in Respiratory Physiology

Tidal volume refers to the amount of air that moves into or out of the lungs in a single breath, a key metric in respiratory assessment.
Treatment for conscious patients with a foreign body obstruction includes allowing them to cough forcefully, as this is the most effective method to expel the obstruction while maintaining air exchange.

Description

Test your knowledge on essential concepts from EMT Chapter 10. This quiz covers key practices in patient ventilation and strategies to minimize complications. Enhance your understanding of the techniques and principles involved in effective emergency medical treatment.

EMT Chapter 10 Quiz