Podcast
Questions and Answers
What should you expect to encounter during your assessment of a patient with a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) whose pump flow is continuous?
What should you expect to encounter during your assessment of a patient with a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) whose pump flow is continuous?
Further treatment for a patient who regained spontaneous circulation (ROSC) but remains unresponsive and breaths slowly should include what?
Further treatment for a patient who regained spontaneous circulation (ROSC) but remains unresponsive and breaths slowly should include what?
BVM ventilation at 10-12 breaths/min and assessment of oxygen saturation.
What is the main legal risk in using an AED?
What is the main legal risk in using an AED?
Failing to deliver a shock when one is needed.
Which of the following would cause the greatest increase in cardiac output?
Which of the following would cause the greatest increase in cardiac output?
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Which medication is commonly given to patients with chest pain to prevent blood clots?
Which medication is commonly given to patients with chest pain to prevent blood clots?
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What is a major difference between angina pectoris and acute myocardial infarction (AMI)?
What is a major difference between angina pectoris and acute myocardial infarction (AMI)?
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Which blood vessels transport oxygenated blood?
Which blood vessels transport oxygenated blood?
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What do the signs and symptoms of a 66-year-old woman with stabbing chest pain and unequal blood pressure in her arms MOST likely indicate?
What do the signs and symptoms of a 66-year-old woman with stabbing chest pain and unequal blood pressure in her arms MOST likely indicate?
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What is the most advantageous feature of the AED for the EMT?
What is the most advantageous feature of the AED for the EMT?
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What are common signs and symptoms of a hypertensive emergency?
What are common signs and symptoms of a hypertensive emergency?
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Which signs or symptoms would you NOT expect to encounter in a patient with congestive heart failure?
Which signs or symptoms would you NOT expect to encounter in a patient with congestive heart failure?
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Prior to defibrillating a patient with an AED, what is most important?
Prior to defibrillating a patient with an AED, what is most important?
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An acute myocardial infarction (AMI) occurs when what happens?
An acute myocardial infarction (AMI) occurs when what happens?
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What method is most appropriate for assisting a patient with a prescribed nitroglycerin tablet?
What method is most appropriate for assisting a patient with a prescribed nitroglycerin tablet?
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What is the term for the ability of cardiac muscle cells to contract spontaneously without a nerve stimulus?
What is the term for the ability of cardiac muscle cells to contract spontaneously without a nerve stimulus?
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When obtaining a 12-lead ECG, how should the patient be positioned?
When obtaining a 12-lead ECG, how should the patient be positioned?
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What should you do after connecting the AED and receiving a 'no shock advised' message?
What should you do after connecting the AED and receiving a 'no shock advised' message?
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How does an external defibrillator vest differ from an automatic implantable cardiac defibrillator (AICD)?
How does an external defibrillator vest differ from an automatic implantable cardiac defibrillator (AICD)?
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What is the process called that involves narrowing of the coronary arteries due to fatty deposits?
What is the process called that involves narrowing of the coronary arteries due to fatty deposits?
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Where should defibrillator pads be placed on the patient's chest?
Where should defibrillator pads be placed on the patient's chest?
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Where is the brachial pulse taken?
Where is the brachial pulse taken?
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Which of the following is not a component needed for good perfusion?
Which of the following is not a component needed for good perfusion?
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What is determined by multiplying the heart rate by the volume of blood ejected with each contraction?
What is determined by multiplying the heart rate by the volume of blood ejected with each contraction?
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What does automaticity allow in cardiac muscle cells?
What does automaticity allow in cardiac muscle cells?
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What percentage of all patients with an AMI do not reach the hospital alive?
What percentage of all patients with an AMI do not reach the hospital alive?
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What happens to the lumen as cholesterol and calcium deposits begin to form?
What happens to the lumen as cholesterol and calcium deposits begin to form?
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In a patient with an acute myocardial infarction, which blood vessel is likely to become blocked?
In a patient with an acute myocardial infarction, which blood vessel is likely to become blocked?
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Where is an AMI most likely to occur?
Where is an AMI most likely to occur?
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Which of the following symptoms is NOT consistent with an AMI?
Which of the following symptoms is NOT consistent with an AMI?
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What should you do if a 66-year-old man with a suspected AMI does not have prescribed nitroglycerin and you lack permission to administer it?
What should you do if a 66-year-old man with a suspected AMI does not have prescribed nitroglycerin and you lack permission to administer it?
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What is the recommended dosage of low-dose aspirin for a patient with chest pain?
What is the recommended dosage of low-dose aspirin for a patient with chest pain?
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What should you do after administering a nitroglycerin tablet?
What should you do after administering a nitroglycerin tablet?
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To maintain consistency in monitoring and obtaining a useful ECG, there are predetermined ________ for each electrode.
To maintain consistency in monitoring and obtaining a useful ECG, there are predetermined ________ for each electrode.
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What is the last step in performing cardiac monitoring?
What is the last step in performing cardiac monitoring?
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Which heart surgery uses a balloon attached to a long, thin tube?
Which heart surgery uses a balloon attached to a long, thin tube?
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What is the complete cessation of cardiac activity known as?
What is the complete cessation of cardiac activity known as?
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Which of the following is NOT true when treating a pediatric patient with chest pain?
Which of the following is NOT true when treating a pediatric patient with chest pain?
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Study Notes
Cardiac Conditions and Devices
- A left ventricular assist device (LVAD) results in an absence of a palpable pulse due to continuous pump flow.
- Return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in a cardiac arrest patient requires BVM ventilation and oxygen saturation assessment if unresponsive with irregular breathing.
- Automatic implantable cardiac defibrillators (AICD) differ from external defibrillator vests, which deliver high-energy shocks like an AED.
Legal and Ethical Considerations
- The primary legal risk associated with using an AED is failing to deliver a necessary shock.
Cardiac Function and Health
- Cardiac output increases with both a higher heart rate and stroke volume.
- A common medication for chest pain that prevents blood clots is aspirin.
- Anginal pain typically resolves with rest, distinguishing it from acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
Blood Vessels and Circulation
- Pulmonary veins are responsible for transporting oxygenated blood.
- A hypertensive emergency can manifest through a bounding pulse, severe headache, and dizziness.
- Atherosclerosis is the condition where coronary arteries narrow due to fatty deposits.
Patient Assessment Indicators
- Signs of a dissecting aortic aneurysm can include severe chest pain radiating to the back and significant blood pressure differences between arms.
- Patients in congestive heart failure typically do not exhibit hypotension or flat jugular veins.
Emergency Procedures
- Before using an AED, ensure no one is in contact with the patient.
- Following a "no shock advised" message from an AED, perform CPR for 2 minutes before reassessing.
ECG and Monitoring
- A 12-lead ECG should be done with the patient supine and legs uncrossed.
- Accurate ECG monitoring requires predetermined electrode locations, and each strip must be labeled after monitoring.
Dosages and Administration
- Recommended low-dose aspirin for chest pain is between 162 mg to 324 mg.
- Administer prescribed nitroglycerin tablet or spray sublingually and reassess blood pressure within 5 minutes after administration.
Pediatric Considerations
- If treating a child with chest pain, avoid assuming that manual defibrillators are always preferred for infants aged between 1 month and 9 months.
Statistics and General Knowledge
- Approximately 40% of patients experiencing an AMI do not reach the hospital alive.
- Blockage leading to an AMI typically occurs in coronary arteries; however, incidents may also involve pulmonary arteries among other factors.
- Automaticity in cardiac cells allows them to contract spontaneously without a nerve impulse.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge with these flashcards focused on Chapter 16 of EMS. The questions cover important concepts such as LVADs and ROSC, which are crucial for emergency medical providers. Use these flashcards to reinforce your learning and preparation for real-life scenarios.
