Questions and Answers
What are the four basic emergent properties of water?
What does high specific heat mean?
Water does not like to change temperature.
All the water in the world would eventually freeze over.
True
What is cohesion?
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What is adhesion?
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What is transpiration?
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The amount of heat required to raise or lower the temperature of water by 1 degree Celsius is called ___
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What is a solvent?
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What does hydrophilic mean?
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What does hydrophobic mean?
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Study Notes
Emergent Properties of Water
- Water exhibits four key emergent properties: high specific heat, solvent capabilities, ice floatation, and cohesion/adhesion.
High Specific Heat/Heat of Vaporization
- Water resists rapid temperature changes, playing a crucial role in temperature regulation for environments and organisms.
Ice Floats
- Ice is less dense than liquid water, allowing it to float and prevent bodies of water from freezing solid, which insulates aquatic life beneath the surface.
Cohesion and Adhesion
- Cohesion refers to the attraction between like molecules, contributing to surface tension in water.
- Adhesion involves the attraction between different substances, allowing water to stick to surfaces, facilitating processes like transpiration.
Transpiration
- Describes the upward movement of water through xylem tubes in plants, relying on cohesion between water molecules and adhesion to xylem walls for efficient transport.
Specific Heat
- Specific heat is defined as the amount of heat needed to change the temperature of a substance by 1 degree Celsius, a critical property for maintaining stable environments.
Solvent Properties
- Water acts as a solvent, meaning it can dissolve various substances (solutes) to form solutions, integral for biological processes.
Hydrogen Bonding
- Hydrogen bonds occur between water molecules, contributing to its unique properties such as high surface tension and thermal stability.
Hydrophilic vs. Hydrophobic
- Hydrophilic substances, like ionic compounds and polar molecules, readily interact with water, while hydrophobic substances, such as oils, do not dissolve in water due to their nonpolar nature.
Additional Terms
- Metabolism: Chemical processes occurring within organisms.
- Evaporative Cooling: Process where water vaporization leads to cooling effect.
- Capillary Action: Movement of water through narrow spaces due to adhesion and cohesion.
- Density of Ice: Ice's lower density allows it to float on liquid water.
- Meniscus: Curved surface of liquid in a container, influenced by adhesion.
- Xylem Tubes: Vascular structures in plants facilitating water transport.
- Surface Tension: Cohesive forces creating a "film" on the water surface, resulting from hydrogen bonding.
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Description
Explore the four fundamental emergent properties of water through these flashcards. Learn about key concepts such as high specific heat, ice floating, and aspects of cohesion and adhesion. Perfect for students looking to deepen their understanding of water's unique characteristics in science.
