Emergency Vehicle Safety and Operations
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Emergency Vehicle Safety and Operations

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Questions and Answers

What is the material composition of the 904K piercing nozzle?

  • Copper
  • 1020 soft alloy steel (correct)
  • Stainless steel
  • Aluminum alloy

    • What is a significant advantage of using the 904K piercing nozzle?

  • Safely extinguishes confined space fires (correct)
  • No need for multiple firefighters
  • High visibility in smoke
  • Easily portable due to lightweight

    • What is the potential risk when driving the nozzle into a structure?

  • Hitting hidden electrical or gas services (correct)
  • Loss of water pressure
  • Decreased coverage area
  • Damage to the nozzle itself

    • What does the 'K' in 904K refer to?

    <p>Built-in shut-off valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the coverage area of the Bresnan distributor when flowing?

    <p>36’ diameter area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key advantage of using indirect attack for fire extinguishing?

    <p>It converts water to steam for heat absorption.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum flow rate and pressure operation limit for the RAM XD?

    <p>500 GPM and 150 psi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is necessary for the RAM XD's hydraulic safety system to activate?

    <p>When water flows at approximately 350 GPM.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of using coarse water droplets in fire extinguishing?

    <p>They may conduct electricity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what scenarios are variable angle orifices typically used?

    <p>Basement, attic, and limited access fires.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be inspected before placing a variable angle orifice in service?

    <p>Cleanliness and obvious damage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature of the Mercury Quick Attack Monitor helps maintain its operational position?

    <p>It has a spring-loaded handle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum effective range of the Amerex 240 H water can fire extinguisher?

    <p>44-55 feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the locking pin in the RAM XD?

    <p>To prevent accidental opening of the valve.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the UL rating classification for the Ansul Sentry 10 dry chemical extinguisher?

    <p>10-A:60-B:C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using a deluge tip on the RAM XD?

    <p>To maximize reach and efficiency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should the MQA not be pumped at or above 55 psi nozzle pressure?

    <p>When using the 1-1/2” deluge tip.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the carbide tipped ground spikes on the RAM XD?

    <p>To stabilize the unit on soft ground.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for requesting the dispatch of freeway assistance trucks before firefighters arrive?

    <p>To ensure adequate protection for responders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When responding to a freeway scene, why should firefighters consider using a ladder truck?

    <p>To create a protective barrier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant risk when firefighters work on smaller roads as compared to freeways?

    <p>Traffic moving in multiple directions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should firefighters position the engine during an ALS medic run to maximize safety?

    <p>Behind the medic unit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What additional risk do firefighters face during a Wires Down run?

    <p>Potential for vehicle collisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a recommended practice for minimizing traffic risks when firefighters are exposed while checking hydrants?

    <p>Positioning vehicles to block traffic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a critical role of professional drivers when firefighters are working at accident scenes?

    <p>Blocking lanes as directed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might detailed instructions and directions be more necessary on smaller roads?

    <p>To manage unpredictable traffic patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum required pressure at the eductor for the inline eductor to function properly?

    <p>200 PSI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended percentage knob setting for hydrocarbons during Class B operations?

    <p>3%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common issue that can lead to low pressure at the eductor?

    <p>Using a nozzle with a higher GPM than the eductor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What component is essential for controlling flow in the PRO/Pak system?

    <p>Twist Grip Flow Control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long is the outlet hose in the PRO/Pak assembly?

    <p>2.7’</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done to ensure the control unit is cleaned after use?

    <p>Flush all foam passages with a trickle of clean water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For Class A operations, which percentage knob setting is recommended?

    <p>0.1% – 1%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fuel does not mix with water during Class B operations?

    <p>Hydrocarbons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is necessary to accurately operate the eductor?

    <p>A hose capable of effectively flowing the rated capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it critical to position fire apparatus as blockers at roadway incidents?

    <p>To protect the rescue team from oncoming traffic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important consideration when attaching the nozzle to the PRO/Pak?

    <p>Validating the nozzle GPM matches the eductor GPM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum hose length allowable for the 125 GPM eductor when using a SM20-FLP nozzle?

    <p>200’</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main challenges faced by firefighters when operating at auto accident scenes?

    <p>Traffic moving nearby</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum effective range of a CO2 extinguisher?

    <p>3-8 feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the required pressure for recharging the AMEREX 240 H water can?

    <p>100 psi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be included when filling the water can after discharge?

    <p>A soap solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the UL rating of a CO2 extinguisher marked 10-B:C?

    <p>10 square feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done to remove residue before refilling the water can?

    <p>Rinse with clean water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the operating pressure of a CO2 extinguisher?

    <p>850 psi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which foam type is not recommended for use on hydrocarbons?

    <p>Class A Foam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum hose length recommended for the PRO/Pak eductor?

    <p>250 feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How often should a CO2 extinguisher be inspected?

    <p>Yearly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended application rate for polar solvents using Class B Foam?

    <p>6%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be checked daily on the AMEREX 240 H water can?

    <p>Pressure gauge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true regarding excessive back pressure in foam systems?

    <p>It is the most common cause of eductor failure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of adding soap to the water can?

    <p>To reduce surface tension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended action after using a CO2 extinguisher?

    <p>Exchange it at Tools and Equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one primary reason emergency crews may face challenges moving vehicles after an accident?

    <p>They need to secure the vehicles first.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can slick road conditions cause during auto accidents?

    <p>Increased stopping distances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should firefighters prioritize their safety at a freeway accident scene?

    <p>By placing larger vehicles as barriers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What issue can arise from drivers' behavior during emergency responses?

    <p>They may exhibit 'me first' attitudes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for firefighters to maintain good radio communications during an incident?

    <p>To coordinate with other incoming companies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended way to position an engine at a freeway crash scene?

    <p>Angled to deflect oncoming traffic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the condition of driver experience affect safety at accident scenes?

    <p>Older drivers may react slower or less accurately.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do State Farm blockers play in freeway accidents?

    <p>They create barriers and warn oncoming traffic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical consideration when firefighters are assessing the scene of a freeway accident?

    <p>Evaluating known hazards like blind curves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important reason to position medic units in front of wreckage?

    <p>To enable easier exits for transporting patients.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can mechanical issues in vehicles contribute to risks during emergencies?

    <p>They may prevent drivers from stopping in time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is maintaining the position of the engine at an accident scene important?

    <p>To protect crew members until the area is safe.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should crews avoid when pulling a pre-connect off the rear of an engine?

    <p>Direct exposure to oncoming traffic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one significant factor influencing the positioning of fire apparatus at freeway incidents?

    <p>Highway speeds and vehicle control.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the coverage area of the 904K piercing nozzle when fully operational?

    <p>2,500 square feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the removable safety strike handle on the 904K piercing nozzle?

    <p>To assist in driving the nozzle into surfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might happen when driving the 904K nozzle into a structure?

    <p>It may strike hidden electrical or gas lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum flow rate of the Bresnan distributor at 100 PSI?

    <p>495 GPM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an advantage of using the 904K piercing nozzle?

    <p>It limits structural damage due to a small opening</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of ladder trucks during freeway responses?

    <p>To assist in extrication and provide a buffer zone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to position the engine behind the medic unit on ALS runs?

    <p>To enhance the crew's protection from passing traffic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common misconception about Wires Down runs?

    <p>They do not pose any traffic risk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done to adequately size up a scene on smaller roads?

    <p>Radio instructions for apparatus placement may need to be more specific</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can semi-trucks or large box trucks assist firefighters on the scene?

    <p>By creating barriers to protect the scene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant hazard faced by firefighters on smaller roads compared to freeways?

    <p>Traffic moving in different directions at varying speeds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum effective range of a CO2 extinguisher?

    <p>3-8 feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is key in managing traffic risk when firefighters are checking hydrants?

    <p>Positioning themselves smartly to minimize exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the inspection frequency for a CO2 extinguisher?

    <p>Yearly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended application rate for hydrocarbons using Class B foam?

    <p>3%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should firefighters do if they need to call for additional apparatus during a Wires Down incident?

    <p>Block the roadway at a proper distance to manage risk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should the AMEREX 240 H water can be filled after use?

    <p>After rinsing the unit with clean water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the operating pressure of a CO2 extinguisher?

    <p>850 psi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary operational limit for pressure and flow when using the RAM XD?

    <p>500 GPM and/or 150 PSI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of eductor failure in foam operations?

    <p>Excessive back pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done after using the AMEREX 240 H water can?

    <p>Check for leaks and refill only if necessary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these fire extinguishing methods is known for using water conversion to steam to cool the environment?

    <p>Indirect Attack</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key disadvantage of using a direct attack when extinguishing fires?

    <p>Can cause steam explosions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of foam is suitable for use on polar solvents?

    <p>Class B Foam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Mercury Quick Attack Monitor, how can the unit be adjusted when unmanned?

    <p>Operated from 60° to 30°</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the warranty period for a CO2 extinguisher?

    <p>6 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of rinsing the AMEREX 240 H water can before filling?

    <p>To prevent excessive foaming</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the locking pin in the RAM XD?

    <p>To hold the valve in a closed position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common model of CO2 extinguisher?

    <p>Badger B10V-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following tips provides the highest maximum flow rate at 80 psi for the MQA?

    <p>1-3/8” tip</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is necessary to ensure optimal flow for the RAM?

    <p>20 feet of hose in a straight line</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the UL rating for the CO2 extinguisher that covers 10 square feet?

    <p>10-B:C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done when removing the valve assembly of the AMEREX 240 H water can?

    <p>Make sure the unit is fully depressurized</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature helps in stabilizing the RAM XD during operation?

    <p>Hydraulic stability system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Amerex 240 H water can is designed primarily for which class of fire?

    <p>Class A fires</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended application rate for Class A foam in ordinary combustible materials?

    <p>0.1-0.5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the friction loss through the Mercury Quick Attack Monitor at 500 GPM?

    <p>6 PSI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of the RAM XD enhances its operational safety during unmanned use?

    <p>Active safety system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the UL rating 10-A for the Ansul Sentry 10 indicate?

    <p>Effective as 12.5 gallons of water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is common between all variable angle orifices in the provided content?

    <p>They all are classified for limited access fires</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a reason for low pressure at the eductor?

    <p>Nozzle elevation too high above the eductor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended knob setting for Class A operations?

    <p>0.1% – 1%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what pressure is the inline eductor required to operate effectively?

    <p>200 PSI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which foam concentrate setting is correct for hydrocarbons?

    <p>3%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done after using the PRO/Pak unit to ensure it is clean?

    <p>Flush the foam passages and reinstall the control unit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum recommended pressure for the PRO/Pak during use?

    <p>100 PSI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical aspect of positioning fire apparatus at roadway incidents?

    <p>Using the apparatus as a blocker from traffic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is part of the Elkhart Brass inline eductor?

    <p>Pick Up Tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long should the hose be when using the 125 GPM eductor with a SM20-FLP nozzle?

    <p>200’</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a component of the PRO/Pak assembly?

    <p>Control unit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primary fuel characteristic differentiates hydrocarbons from polar solvents?

    <p>Hydrocarbons float on top of water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important step to take before operating the eductor?

    <p>Place the foam concentrate near the eductor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sequence should you follow when cleaning the control unit after use?

    <p>Reduce pressure, remove, and flush</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended pressure for charging the hose line when using the eductor?

    <p>200 PSI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two main issues regarding moving an accident to a safer location?

    <p>Unsafe conditions in slick weather and additional duties for emergency crews</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is staging fire apparatus essential for firefighter safety at accident scenes?

    <p>To keep firefighters out of the path of oncoming traffic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do State Farm blockers play at freeway accident scenes?

    <p>They act as barriers to enhance safety and manage traffic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should firefighters consider when placing an engine at a freeway accident?

    <p>Creating a physical barrier to absorb potential collisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor can increase the risks during freeway runs at night?

    <p>Slick road conditions and impaired drivers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does vehicle maintenance impact the safety of firefighters at accident scenes?

    <p>Poorly maintained brakes may prevent timely stops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended positioning for pump operators during freeway runs?

    <p>Safely ahead of the scene away from traffic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical risk faced by firefighters when using a pre-connect line?

    <p>Exposure to oncoming traffic while pulling the line</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it significant to slow down when approaching a reported accident location?

    <p>To avoid confusion about the location of the scene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What behavior might be exhibited by impaired drivers approaching an accident scene?

    <p>Aggressive driving and refusal to yield</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can firefighters effectively communicate during freeway incident responses?

    <p>Through good radio communication with incoming companies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of high speeds on vehicle control during freeway incidents?

    <p>High speeds reduce reaction times dramatically</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What advantage do larger fire apparatus provide at accident scenes?

    <p>Ability to block more lanes of traffic effectively</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Apparatus Positioning on Roadways

    • Fire apparatus operators are at risk from moving traffic on roadways.
    • The iPhone era contributes to the risk of moving traffic as drivers are distracted.
    • Law Enforcement's primary goal is to resume the flow of traffic while the Fire Service needs time to secure the scene.
    • Traffic medians are not safe spaces for emergency crews as vehicles may be close to speeding traffic.
    • Emergency crews cannot always move vehicles to a safer location as they have several duties, including size-up, triage, extrication, packaging, and securing the vehicles.
    • Emergency vehicles are at risk of getting hit by oncoming vehicles even while stationary on the scene.
    • The proximity of an oncoming vehicle to E-2 illustrates the risk to emergency vehicles on roadway incidents.

    Size-Up

    • A good size-up includes considering location, conditions, caller information, and known hazards.
    • Stage apparatus to keep personnel safe in a single protected area.
    • Use larger trucks to block traffic and prevent crossing lanes on foot.

    Road, Weather, and Driver Conditions

    • Slick road conditions increase stopping distances for all vehicles.
    • Even on warm, dry nights, a black vehicle on a poorly lit road can be difficult to see.
    • Many drivers exhibit a “me first” attitude and may not reduce speed.
    • Mechanical issues of a vehicle such as poorly maintained brakes can also lead to accidents.
    • Drivers' experience and mental state play a role in accidents.

    Auto Accidents

    • Highway speeds pose significant risk for firefighters working on auto accident scenes.
    • The highway speed and time for a driver to react heavily influence the size-up for the scene.

    Freeways

    • The engine should be positioned behind the accident to act as a physical barrier, creating a buffer zone.
    • The 200’ 1 ¾” hoseline offers more distance between the vehicle and the engine, creating a larger buffer zone than the bumper line.
    • Exercise caution when pulling a pre-connect off the rear, as crews are exposed to oncoming traffic.
    • Angling the engine can deflect vehicles, but the pump operator is exposed to traffic.
    • The pump operator should set the pump and take a safe position ahead of the scene.
    • Rescue units park beside or slightly ahead of the wreckage for easy access.
    • Battalion Chiefs and EMS/Rescue Supervisors should park ahead of the wreckage when possible.
    • Avoid positioning a buggy behind the engine, as it puts a smaller, lighter vehicle in a vulnerable spot.
    • Once the engine is positioned, it should remain in place until the accident site is deemed safe.

    State Farm Blockers

    • Highway Assistance vehicles offer valuable aid by warning traffic, creating physical barriers, and some towing capabilities.
    • These vehicles are controlled and dispatched by a monitoring service that helps identify the exact location of the accident if needed.
    • Contact State Farm Blocker dispatchers for assistance locating an accident scene.

    Other Vehicles

    • Ladder trucks provide significant barriers for firefighter protection.
    • Semi-trucks or large box trucks can be used as additional barriers.
    • Professional drivers are often willing to help.

    Smaller Roads

    • Scenes on smaller roads pose similar hazards to freeway scenes, but could be worse due to traffic travelling in different directions and speeds.
    • Size-up and protective actions follow a similar approach to freeway responses, but require specific radio instructions on vehicle placement.

    EMS Runs

    • Firefighters can often position the engine to protect the medic crew.
    • Engine positioned behind the medic unit offers greater protection from traffic compared to placing it in front of the unit.

    Other Considerations

    • A Wires Down run can expose crews to traffic while investigating the incident.
    • Block the roadway at a safe distance from the downed wires and call for additional apparatus to block traffic from other directions.
    • Any situation where firefighters are exposed to traffic, including checking hydrants, benefits from a strategic placement that minimizes the risk of being hit.

    Fire Apparatus Positioning on Roadways

    • Fire service and law enforcement have different goals at accident scenes.
    • Firefighters must prioritize safety and securing scene before traffic flow resumes.
    • Medians are not inherently safe spaces, traffic still presents a hazard.
    • Fire apparatus should be positioned safely to avoid being hit by oncoming traffic.

    Size Up

    • A good size-up considers location, conditions, caller information, and known hazards.
    • Stage apparatus to protect crews on arrival.
    • Keep all personnel in the same safe area and utilize larger trucks as blocking apparatus.

    Road, Weather, and Driver Conditions

    • Slick conditions cause initial and resulting accidents.
    • Stopping distances increase in slick conditions.
    • Be aware of black vehicles on poorly lit roads and adjust speed.
    • Drivers may be impaired at any time due to alcohol or other factors.
    • Drivers may not reduce speed or may exhibit a “me first” attitude.
    • Mechanical issues can lead drivers to hit apparatus.
    • Drivers may swerve to avoid vehicles, causing accidents.
    • New and older drivers may react differently in emergencies.

    Auto Accidents

    • The highway speeds commonly present a significant factor in apparatus placement.
    • Out-of-control vehicles can travel hundreds of yards after a driver reacts.

    Freeways

    • An engine company should prioritize safety during freeway runs.
    • Place the engine behind the accident to block traffic.
    • Use a 200’ 1 ¾” line to provide space between the vehicle and engine.
    • Angle the engine to deflect vehicles, but ensure the pump operator is safe.
    • Rescues should park beside or slightly ahead of the wreckage for easy access.
    • Battalion Chiefs and EMS/Rescue Supervisors should park ahead of the wreckage out of the way.
    • Do not park a buggy behind an engine, as this puts a smaller, lighter car in a bad spot.
    • Keep the engine in place until the accident site is deemed safe for departure.

    State Farm Blockers

    • State Farm Blockers provide warning signs, traffic cones, and towing capabilities.
    • State Farm Blockers are valuable for creating barriers behind apparatus.
    • Dispatchers can be contacted on 9 D06-FSP to request assistance.

    Other Vehicles

    • Ladder trucks can provide a significant barrier for protection.
    • Other vehicles such as semi-trucks can be used as barriers.

    Smaller Roads

    • Smaller roads pose dangers due to traffic moving in different directions and speeds.
    • Use the same size-up tactics as freeway responses, but more specific radio instructions may be needed.

    EMS Runs

    • Place the engine in a position to protect the medic and crew.
    • Position the engine behind the medic to mitigate the traffic risk.

    Other Considerations

    • A Wires Down run can place firefighters in traffic while they investigate the scene.
    • Block the roadway the proper distance away and call for other apparatus to block from other directions as needed.
    • Use a smart position in any situation where firefighters are exposed to traffic.

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    Description

    This quiz covers critical aspects of emergency vehicle positioning and safety on roadways. It addresses the risks posed by moving traffic, especially in the context of distractions like mobile devices. Understand the best practices for scene management, size-up procedures, and ensuring the safety of both emergency personnel and the public.

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