18 Questions
What is the primary goal of the TRIAGE process in an emergency department?
To prioritize patients based on the severity of their condition
Which of the following is a characteristic of Triage Level III: Urgent conditions?
Require medical and nursing assessment/treatment within 30 minutes of arrival
What is the primary purpose of emergency rescue?
To rapidly move a patient from an unsafe place to a place of safety
Which of the following is a key principle of emergency rescue and emergency transfer?
The victim should be moved as a single unit and in the proper body position
What is the primary difference between Triage Level III: Urgent and Triage Level IV: Less Urgent conditions?
Triage Level III conditions require treatment within 30 minutes, while Triage Level IV conditions require treatment within 1 hour
Which of the following conditions would be categorized as Triage Level I: Resuscitation in an emergency department set-up?
Cardiac arrest
Which of the following is a key consideration when selecting the appropriate method for emergency transfer of a patient?
The size and physical capabilities of the rescuer
According to the S.A.V.E. categories, which one represents patients who will not benefit from any medical intervention?
Those who will die regardless of care
Which of the following conditions would be classified as Triage Level II: Emergent in an emergency department set-up?
Severe trauma
What is the maximum time frame within which patients classified as Triage Level II: Emergent should receive medical and nursing assessment/treatment?
15 minutes
Which of the following conditions would NOT be categorized as Triage Level II: Emergent in an emergency department set-up?
Routine physical examination
According to the S.A.V.E. categories, which group of patients will receive more than basic care and comfort measures?
Those who will benefit from limited immediate field intervention
Which of the following represents the correct order of priorities in the S.A.V.E. triage system?
Salvageable, Viable, Ambulatory, Expectant
Which triage level is assigned to a patient with an obvious head injury and exposed brain tissue?
Triage Level I: Resuscitation
Which of the following patients would be classified as Triage Level III: Urgent?
A middle-aged male unable to move due to a leg injury but breathing normally
What is the primary goal of the S.A.V.E. triage system?
To apply limited resources to gain the most good in catastrophic disasters
Which patient would be classified as Triage Level II: Emergent?
A young child found unresponsive and not breathing
Which of the following statements accurately describes the S.A.V.E. triage system?
It provides prolonged on-scene care with significantly delayed transport
Study Notes
Vital Signs
- Normal heart rate: 60-100 beats per minute, measured by palpating radial or carotid pulse
- Normal respiratory rate: 10-20 breaths per minute, observed by rise and fall of the chest
- Normal blood pressure: 90/60-120/80 mmHg, measured using a blood pressure apparatus
- Normal body temperature: 36.5-37.7°C, measured using a thermometer
- Normal oxygen saturation: 95-100%, measured using a pulse oximeter
- Normal capillary refill time: <2 seconds
Triage and Emergency Response
- S.A.V.E. triage categories:
- Those who will die regardless of care
- Those who will survive with or without care
- Those who will benefit from limited immediate field intervention
- Levels of acuity in emergency department triage:
- Level I: Resuscitation - conditions requiring immediate medical attention (e.g. airway compromise, cardiac arrest)
- Level II: Emergent - conditions requiring medical attention within 15 minutes (e.g. head injuries, severe trauma)
- Level III: Urgent - conditions requiring medical attention within 30 minutes (e.g. mild to moderate asthma, moderate trauma)
- Level IV: Less Urgent - conditions requiring medical attention within 1 hour (e.g. minor trauma, vomiting and diarrhea)
- Level V: Nonurgent - conditions requiring medical attention within 2 hours (e.g. minor trauma, sore throat)
Emergency Rescue and Transfer
- Emergency rescue: rapid movement of patient from unsafe to safe place
- Emergency transfer: moving patient from safe to safer place after giving first aid
- Indications for emergency rescue:
- Danger of fire and explosion
- Danger of toxic gases or asphyxia
- Serious traffic hazard
- Danger of electrocution
- Danger of collapsing walls
- Exposure to intense cold or heat
- Risk for drowning
- Basic principles of emergency rescue and transfer:
- Control of severe bleeding
- Moving victim as one unit and in proper body position
- Immobilization of injured body parts before extrication and transfer
- Checking victim's condition regularly
- Criteria for selection of transfer methods:
- Nature and severity of injury
- Availability of equipment
- Size of the victim
- Physical capabilities of rescuer
- Evacuation route
- Distance of transfer location
- Equipment for transfer:
- Stretcher
- Scooper
- Spine Board
- Head Stabilizer or Cervical Collar
- Patient Transfer sheet
- Body Straps
Test your knowledge of emergency triage levels including those who will die regardless of care, those who will survive without care, and those who will benefit from limited field intervention. Understand the five levels of acuity in an emergency department setup.
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