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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is the most important value to report to the provider before prepping the patient for surgery?
Which of the following is the most important value to report to the provider before prepping the patient for surgery?
Which blood disorder category involves diseases of RBC dysfunction?
Which blood disorder category involves diseases of RBC dysfunction?
What is the main focus of Learning Outcome 4 related to blood disorders?
What is the main focus of Learning Outcome 4 related to blood disorders?
Which laboratory value is related to the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood?
Which laboratory value is related to the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood?
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What is the primary concern with diseases involving ↑ RBC destruction?
What is the primary concern with diseases involving ↑ RBC destruction?
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What is the significance of WBC count in assessing blood disorders?
What is the significance of WBC count in assessing blood disorders?
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What is the most common cause of iron deficiency anemia worldwide?
What is the most common cause of iron deficiency anemia worldwide?
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Which type of anemia is characterized by enlarged red blood cells and normal hemoglobin concentrations?
Which type of anemia is characterized by enlarged red blood cells and normal hemoglobin concentrations?
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Where is cobalamin (Vitamin B12) absorbed after binding to intrinsic factor?
Where is cobalamin (Vitamin B12) absorbed after binding to intrinsic factor?
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What is the cause of folic acid deficiency anemia?
What is the cause of folic acid deficiency anemia?
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In which ethnic groups are thalassemias common?
In which ethnic groups are thalassemias common?
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What are the symptoms of iron deficiency anemia?
What are the symptoms of iron deficiency anemia?
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What is the normal lifespan of erythrocytes (red blood cells)?
What is the normal lifespan of erythrocytes (red blood cells)?
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What is the normal range for platelet count in blood?
What is the normal range for platelet count in blood?
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What is the primary function of leukocytes (white blood cells)?
What is the primary function of leukocytes (white blood cells)?
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What is thrombocytopenia?
What is thrombocytopenia?
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What is the difference between plasma and serum?
What is the difference between plasma and serum?
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"Neutropenia" primarily refers to a reduction in which type of white blood cells?
"Neutropenia" primarily refers to a reduction in which type of white blood cells?
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Which diagnostic study is NOT typically used for sickle cell disease?
Which diagnostic study is NOT typically used for sickle cell disease?
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What is a potential complication of sickle cell disease that affects the eyes?
What is a potential complication of sickle cell disease that affects the eyes?
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What is the primary treatment modality during sickle cell crisis?
What is the primary treatment modality during sickle cell crisis?
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What is the main cause of acquired hemolytic anemia due to physical destruction of red blood cells?
What is the main cause of acquired hemolytic anemia due to physical destruction of red blood cells?
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What supplement is commonly used in the interprofessional care for Thalassemia Major?
What supplement is commonly used in the interprofessional care for Thalassemia Major?
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What are the clinical manifestations of hemolytic anemia?
What are the clinical manifestations of hemolytic anemia?
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Which blood component therapy is used for active bleeding with coagulation factor deficiencies, warfarin reversal, DIC, and massive transfusions in trauma?
Which blood component therapy is used for active bleeding with coagulation factor deficiencies, warfarin reversal, DIC, and massive transfusions in trauma?
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What is the main advantage of packed red blood cells (PRBC) over whole blood?
What is the main advantage of packed red blood cells (PRBC) over whole blood?
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What is the primary interprofessional management approach for polycythemia vera?
What is the primary interprofessional management approach for polycythemia vera?
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Which condition involves chronic overproduction of RBCs, WBCs, and platelets, resulting in increased blood viscosity and volume?
Which condition involves chronic overproduction of RBCs, WBCs, and platelets, resulting in increased blood viscosity and volume?
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What is the primary cause of hemophilia?
What is the primary cause of hemophilia?
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How does aging affect the hematologic system?
How does aging affect the hematologic system?
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Study Notes
Emergency Nursing and Blood Disorders
- Upon admission of a patient with acute blood loss, the nurse should conduct rapid head-to-toe assessments, stop bleeding, access large gauge/central lines, and obtain relevant labs such as blood type/match, CBC, and electrolytes.
- Transfusions should be considered only if improvement in RBC count cannot be achieved through nutrition, drug therapy, or treating the underlying disease, and blood should only be administered based on appropriate indications.
- Different types of blood component therapies include whole blood, packed red blood cells (PRBC), platelets, blood clotting factors, plasma, antibodies, and blood substitutes.
- PRBCs are prepared by removing 200-250mL of plasma from whole blood and are advantageous due to decreased volume delivery and risk of circulatory overload.
- Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) is used for active bleeding with coagulation factor deficiencies, warfarin reversal, DIC, and massive transfusions in trauma, while platelets are administered for thrombocytopenia.
- The administration of blood transfusions should follow institutional policy/procedures, with frequent vital signs and assessments as dictated by policy.
- In the event of a transfusion reaction, the nurse should first stop the transfusion and then follow institutional policy/procedures for further action.
- Aplastic anemia can be congenital or acquired, with symptoms related to deficiencies in red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, and can be diagnosed through blood analysis, serum iron and iron binding, and bone marrow biopsy.
- Polycythemia, particularly polycythemia vera, involves chronic overproduction of RBCs, WBCs, and platelets, resulting in increased blood viscosity and volume, and is commonly accompanied by splenomegaly and depletion of iron stores.
- The interprofessional management of polycythemia involves phlebotomy, hydration therapy, drug therapy (e.g., hydroxyurea, aspirin), and addressing potential nursing diagnoses such as activity intolerance.
- Hemophilia, caused by inadequate clotting factors, presents with signs and symptoms such as prolonged bleeding, hemorrhage with minor cuts, hemarthrosis, and intracranial bleeding, and is managed through the administration of factor VIII, RICE, and PT after bleeding for control of muscle and joint strengthening.
- Aging affects the hematologic system by slowing down the replacement of erythrocytes, increasing platelet adhesiveness, and decreasing lymphocyte and T-cell function.
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Description
Test your knowledge on emergency nursing procedures and blood disorders including blood component therapies, blood transfusions, and hematologic conditions such as aplastic anemia, polycythemia, and hemophilia.
