Podcast
Questions and Answers
What happens when cell death in the apical ectodermal ridge (AER) occurs?
What happens when cell death in the apical ectodermal ridge (AER) occurs?
- The ridge condenses into two segments
- The AER expands
- Hydroxyapatite crystals form
- Fingers and toes form (correct)
What is the function of the secreted molecular WNT14 in limb development?
What is the function of the secreted molecular WNT14 in limb development?
- Ossification of long bones
- Inductive signal (correct)
- Formation of chondrocytes
- Formation of joint cavities
How do joints in cartilaginous condensations form during limb development?
How do joints in cartilaginous condensations form during limb development?
- Induced by chondrogenesis (correct)
- Through myoblast differentiation
- By apoptosis
- By cell proliferation
What happens in Week 7 related to the digital rays in limb development?
What happens in Week 7 related to the digital rays in limb development?
At what stage does muscle mass divide into extensor and ventral compartments during limb development?
At what stage does muscle mass divide into extensor and ventral compartments during limb development?
What rotates 90 degrees on their longitudinal axis during limb development?
What rotates 90 degrees on their longitudinal axis during limb development?
At what point do primary ossification centers appear in all long bones?
At what point do primary ossification centers appear in all long bones?
When does the epiphyseal cartilage plate get replaced, leading to the end of bone growth?
When does the epiphyseal cartilage plate get replaced, leading to the end of bone growth?
Where are secondary ossification centers found?
Where are secondary ossification centers found?
When do synovial joints form?
When do synovial joints form?
In what types of bones are primary centers of ossification typically present?
In what types of bones are primary centers of ossification typically present?
What components form within a synovial joint capsule?
What components form within a synovial joint capsule?
Where are limb musculature cells derived from?
Where are limb musculature cells derived from?
How does muscle tissue in limb buds initially split?
How does muscle tissue in limb buds initially split?
What do upper limb buds lie opposite to?
What do upper limb buds lie opposite to?
Which nerves are responsible for extensor musculature in the limbs?
Which nerves are responsible for extensor musculature in the limbs?
What role do spinal nerves play in limb musculature?
What role do spinal nerves play in limb musculature?
What determines the resulting complex pattern of muscles in limbs?
What determines the resulting complex pattern of muscles in limbs?
Which artery in the upper limb arises from the primary axial artery?
Which artery in the upper limb arises from the primary axial artery?
What do radiologists use to determine proper maturation age in children?
What do radiologists use to determine proper maturation age in children?
At what rate do limb malformations occur in live births?
At what rate do limb malformations occur in live births?
Which artery does the primary axial artery form in the lower limb?
Which artery does the primary axial artery form in the lower limb?
What provides useful information about bone age in children?
What provides useful information about bone age in children?
In what part of the body does the marginal sinus break up into the dorsal venous arch?
In what part of the body does the marginal sinus break up into the dorsal venous arch?
What is the term for the complete absence of one or more extremities?
What is the term for the complete absence of one or more extremities?
Which term is used to describe the condition where two or more fingers or toes are fused?
Which term is used to describe the condition where two or more fingers or toes are fused?
What is the term for an abnormally short limb?
What is the term for an abnormally short limb?
If a person has extra fingers or toes present, what is this condition called?
If a person has extra fingers or toes present, what is this condition called?
What is the term for the bilateral absence of a digit, such as a thumb?
What is the term for the bilateral absence of a digit, such as a thumb?
In which condition is there an abnormal cleft between the second and fourth metacarpal bones and soft tissues?
In which condition is there an abnormal cleft between the second and fourth metacarpal bones and soft tissues?
